中考英语语法专练名词冠词数词.doc

名词专项1、可数名词与不可数名词a、不可数名词，初中阶段常见的不可数名词有：water ; meat ; rice ; bread ; milk ; tea ; orange(桔汁) ; fruit ; air ; snow ; chalk; work ; paper(纸) ; time(时间); music ; weather ; grass ; news ; food ; fish(鱼肉); coke ; porridge ; cake(可数或不可数). 不可数名词应注意以下几点：1)前无数、冠，后无复数；作主语为三单.2)表量用约数some /any ; much ; a lot of 或用of短语3）数词+量词+of+不可数名词 eg. two pieces of paper 两张纸（量词可以决定单复数）eg. there is _ bread on the table. a. a b. one c. a piece of d. many there is some_ on the plate. a. apple b. fish c. milks d. deer2、可数名词的复数a、不规则变化：manmen ;womanwomen ;childchildren, policemanpolicemen ；mouse(鼠)mice englishmanenglishmen ,frenchmanfrenchmen；footfeet ; toothteeth b、规则变化1）s; sh; ch; x 结尾加 es 2)f (fe) 结尾则变f(fe)为v加es 3) “辅+y”结尾变y为i加es potatopotatoes ; tomatotomatoes, 单复同形: fish ; sheep ; deer ; chinese ; japanese 由man , woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分都变复数 man doctor _ “某国人”的复数：中日不变英法变，其余后面加s. eg. german_ people , police 常用单数形式表示复数概念 the police _looking for the missing boy.3可数名词的数量4、名词所有格：名词s (意思是 “的”)1)表两者共有则在后者加“s” e.g. lucy and lilys father 露西和莉莉的父亲 表两者分别有,则在每个名字后加“s” lucys and lilys fathers露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲.2)以s结尾的词只加“ ” eg. 1) the boys books 2) james father3)无生命的名词所有格用of来引导 eg. the leg of the desk4)双重所有格：a friend of my fathers a friend of mine ( ) a friend of my( )【2011上海】1. the old man used to raise many _ to make a living on the farm.a. duck b.horse c.bird d. sheep【2011安徽】2. - i have great _ in learning math and im so worried. could you help me?3. could you please get me some_? im hungry.a. apple b. water c. bread d. egg4. cici enjoys dancing. its one of her_. a. prize b. prizes c. hobby d. hobbies 5. have some problems with my english writing. can you give me some_?a. advice b. decisions c. information d. messages 6.“i want to jump!”_ girl cried in the hospital in libya(利比亚).a.5-year-old b. 5-years-olds c. 5 year old d. 5-year-old. 7. tom has just finished writing a _ article.a. nine-hundred-wordsb. nine-hundreds-word c. nine-hundred-wordd. nine-hundreds-words【2011?四川泸州】8. - how far is your family from here?- its about ten _ walk.a. minutes b. minute c. minutes d. minutes【2011贵州安顺】9. mr. smith always has _ to tell us. so he does.a. some good pieces of news b. some pieces of good newsc. some good piece of news10. how many_ teachers are there in your school?_ _them_over two hundred.a. woman; the number of; is b. women; the number of; isc. woman; a number of; is d. women; a number of; are 11. stop making so much _. the children are sleeping.a. voiceb. noise c. sound 12. whats in the icebox?-a few _, but little _.a. apple, milk b.apple, milks c.apples, milks d.apples, milk 13.mazys skirt is the same as her_.a. sisters b. brother c. brothers d. sisters 14. at night, we can see colorful lights on both _ of the streets. a. sidesb. side c. sides 15.there are many _ at the foot of the hill. a. cow b. horse c. sheep 冠词专项1、不定冠词a, an ：泛指 a用在辅音音素开头的词前 eg. a book a useful book a “u” an用于元音开头的词前. eg. an apple an hour an “f”1) 第一次提到某物 2) 泛指人或事物的某一类别 3)固定词组中2、定冠词the：特指1)特指某人/某物 the book on the desk is mine.2)世上独一无二的事物前 the sun , the moon, the earth, the sky3)形、副最高级及序数词前 the third boy is the tallest of all.(但当这些词前已有其他限定词，如物主代词、所有格、指示代词时，则不能再用the) he is my first english teacher.4)the + 姓的复数表示 “某家人”或“某夫妇”。 the greens 格林一家/ 格林夫妇3、不用冠词的几种情况：零冠词1)在星期、月份、季节前不用冠词 2)学科名词前3)球类运动及早、中、晚三餐名词前1) he went to school after he had a quick breakfast. 2) play the violin / piano注意：1.序数词前加a和the的区别：the+ 序数词 表示 “第几” a+ 序数词 表示 “又一，再，另外的”e.g. the cake is delicious, and i would like a second one.2) a number of 与the number of 一些 /的数量【2011凉山】( ) 1. john can play _ _ guitar, but he cant play _ chess. a. the;/ b./;the c. the; the( )2. what do you want to be in the future, nick? 1 want to be _ pilot. it is_ exciting job. a; a b. a; an c. the; an d, a; the( ) 3, there is_big supermarket in_center of our city. a; the b. the; a c. the; the( ) 4. lily is coming by_ plane tomorrow. let s go to _ airport to meet her.a. a; a b. /; a c. the; the d. /; the( ) 5. what are you going to be when you grow up? teacher like you.a. a b. an c. the d./( ) 6. theres _ apple on the table. _ apple is for my little brother. a. a; anb. an; anc. the; and. an; the( ) 7. whos that lovely girl? you mean _ girl with long hair? thats kate.a. a b. an c. the d. 不填( ) 8. -do you know _man in blue? -yes, hes a professor of_ university. a. the, a b. a, an c. the, an d. / , the ( ) 9. as we know, england is_ european country and singapore is_ asian country.a. an; an b. an; a c .a; a d. a; an( ) 10. this novel can make you laugh and cry at _ same time. a) a b) an c) the d) /( )11.there is _report in todays newspaper. its about_sports meeting that will be held in weihai. a. a; the b. an; the c. the; the d. a; a ( ) 12. i like music, but i dont like _ music of this film. a. a b. an c. the d.不填( )13. why do you like jack? because he is honest boy. a. a b. an c. the( )14. _are planning to go on vacation. a. blacks b. a blacks c. the blacks d. the blacks( )15.there is _ “s” in the word “seat.” a. an b. a c. the 数词专项1.数词分为基数词和序数词。2.基数词变序数词： 基变序，有规律；词尾要加th。 一二三，特殊记；词尾分别tdd。 八去t ，九去e ；ve则以f替。 ty 则变作 ti ; 后面还有一个e。 要是遇到几十几；只将个位变成序。eg. one_ two_ three_ nine_ twelve_twenty_ twenty-one -_ ninety-nine-_3.数词的应用：a.序数词与不定冠词(a; an)连用表“又一；再一”eg. youve done it three times. why not try a fourth time?e、分数的表达：分子（基数）、分母（序数）; 分子超过1时，分母加s eg. one third 三分之一 two thirds 三分之二 b.含分数的短语作主语由分数后的词决定谓语eg.1)one third of the students are girls. 2)one third of the milk is mine.分数的特殊形式:1)one third = a third 2)one fourth = a quarter three fourths = three quarters 3)one second = a halfc、一些数词的复数 + of表约数： hundreds of ; thousands of ; millions of1. after the asian games, _ people came to guangzhou for a visit during holidays.a. thousand b. thousands of c. five thousands d. five thousands of2.water covers most parts of the earth.yes, about _ of the earth.is covered with watera. one fourth b. half c. three fourths3. “i want my leg! i want to run! i want to jump! a _ girl cried in the hospital in libya(利比亚).a.5-year-old b. 5-years-olds c. 5 year old d. 5-year-old.4. tom has just finished writing a _ article.a. nine-hundred-wordsb. nine-hundreds-word c. nine-hundred-wordd. nine-hundreds-words5. we are organizing a lot of activities to celebrate the _birthday of the communist party of china these months. a. nineteen b. ninety c. nineteenth d. ninetieth6. has mary been back? not yet. she will come back _ the evening of june _ .a. at, first b. to, thirtieth c. on, the twelfth d. on, the nineteen7. now, e