Chapter 15 The Urinary System.doc

chapter 15: the urinary system. ( ) 1- what enzyme produced by the kidneys helps to regulate blood pressure?a- renin b- aldosterone c- urochrome d- erythropoietin e- creatine ( ) 2- blood in an afferent arteriole would enter which of the following next?a- interlobular artery b- efferent arteriole c- peritubular capillaries d- arcuate artery e- glomerulus ( ) 3- the filtrate forced through the capillary walls in the kidneys enters which of the following first?a- distal convoluted tubule (dct). b- glomerular capsule c- loop of henle d- collecting duct e- proximal convoluted tubule (pct). ( ) 4- which of the following is not normally in the filtrate forced from the glomerular capillaries and, therefore, does not appear in urine?a- proteins b- glucose c- water d- amino acids e- urea ( ) 5- which of the following is normally present in the filtrate forced from the glomerular capillaries but does not normally appear in the urine?a- blood cells b- water c- proteins d- glucose e- urea ( ) 6- which of the following is not located in the renal medulla?a- interlobar artery b- renal pyramid c- glomerular capsule d- collecting duct e- renal column ( ) 7- from first to last, the correct order in which the filtrate would pass through the structures listed is?a- collecting duct-glomerular capsule-pct-loop of henle-dct b- glomerular capsule-collecting duct-pct-loop of henle-dct c- glomerular capsule-pct-loop of henle-dct-collecting duct d- glomerular capsule-dct-loop of henle-pct-collecting duct e- glomerular capsule-loop of henle-pct-dct-collecting duct ( ) 8- the metabolism of nucleic acids yields this nitrogenous waste that appears in blood and urine?a- uric acid b- urochrome c- urea d- ammonia e- creatinine ( ) 9- the regulation of blood ph by the elimination of excess acids or alkaline substances from the body is accomplished by the?a- renal mechanism b- bicarbonate buffer system c- protein buffer system d- respiratory system e- phosphate buffer system ( ) 10- which of the following substances is not normally found in urine?a- urochrome b- urea c- uric acid d- water e- red blood cells ( ) 11- which of the following would not apply to the location of the kidneys?a- ventral cavity b- thoracic cavity c- retroperitoneal d- abdominal cavity e- lumbar region ( ) 12- podocytes are?a- cells of the wall of the glomerular capillaries b- cells that line the urinary bladder c- cells of the inner layer of the glomerular capsule d- kidneys cells that produce renin e- phagocytic cells in the kidneys ( ) 13- a high specific gravity of urine indicates?a- diabetes insipidus b- alkalosis c- acidosis d- excessive fluid intake e- kidney inflammation ( )14- starting at the tip of a medullary pyramid, the correct sequence of structures that urine passes through on its way out of the body is?a- renal pelvis-calyx-ureter-urinary bladder-urethra b- renal pelvis-calyx-urethra-urinary bladder-ureter c- ureter-calyx-renal pelvis-urinary bladder-urethra d- calyx-renal pelvis-ureter-urinary bladder-urethra e- calyx-renal pelvis-urethra-urinary bladder-ureter ( ) 15- which of the following is an indicator of the disease diabetes insipidus?a- ketones in the urine b- glucose in the urine c- acidosis d- a huge volume of dilute urine e- hunger ( ) 16- what are the structural and functional units of the kidneys involved in forming urine?a- calyces b- medullary pyramids c- renal columns d- nephrons e- renal pelvises ( ) 17- which of the following terms refers to the formation of a large volume of urine?a- oliguria b- polyuria c- anuria d- ptosis e- dysuria ( ) 18- which of the following terms refers to an inflammation of the urinary bladder?a- pyelitis b- cystitis c- ptosis d- urethritis e- glomerulonephritis ( ) 19- which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?a- produce urea b- produce renin c- excrete urea d- maintain acid-base balance e- maintain water and electrolyte balance ( ) 20- which of the following substances enters the renal tubule by both filtration and secretion?a- glucose b- amino acids c- creatine d- urea e- water ( ) 21- each kidney is surrounded by a layer of fibrous tissue, the?a- renal fat pad b- hilus c- renal fascia d- renal capsule e- renal pelvis ( ) 22- the notch on the medial surface of the kidney, through which the blood vessels enter and leave the kidney, is called the?a- renal cortex b- renal pelvis c- ureter d- calyx e- hilus ( ) 23- the expansion of the ureter into the substance of the kidney forms the?a- renal fascia b- renal capsule c- renal fat pad d- renal pelvis e- hilus ( ) 24- what is the outermost portion of the kidney?a- renal pelvis b- renal pyramid c- renal calyx d- renal medulla e- renal cortex ( ) 25- cortical tissue that extends between the medullary or renal pyramids is termed the?a- nephrons b- renal medulla c- renal papillae d- medullary rays e- renal columns( ) 26- if you dissected a medullary or renal pyramid, what would you find inside?a- the vas deferens b- the glomeruli c- the collecting tubules d- the calyx e- an egyptian kings tomb ( ) 27- what is the functional unit of the kidney?a- nephron b- renal medulla c- glomerulus d- renal corpuscle e- renal cortex ( ) 28- the portion of the nephron closest to the collecting duct is called the?a- distal convoluted tubule b- proximal convoluted tubule c- loop of henle d- glomerulus e- bowmans capsule ( ) 29- the beginning of the nephron is dilated to form the?a- glomerulus b- renal calyx c- renal pelvis d- proximal convoluted tubule e- bowmans capsule ( ) 30- urine formation requires which of the following?a- glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion b- glomerular filtration and tubular secretion only c- a lot of patience d- tubular secretion, tubular filtration and glomerular reabsorption e- glomerular reabsorption and tubular filtration only ( ) 31- the uptake of substances from the lumen of the nephrons is known as?a- tubular secretion b- tubular filtration c- does not occur d- tubular reabsorption e- tubular distension ( ) 32- the filtrate materials found in the nephron first leave the blood at the?a- urinary bladder b- loop of henle c- contractile vacuole d- nephridium e- glomerulus ( ) 33- where does most reabsorption of substances from the glomerular filtrate occur?a- in the distal convoluted tubule b- in the loop of henle c- in the collecting tubule d- in the proximal convoluted tubule e- in the bowmans capsule ( ) 34- which of the following can enter the urine by tubular secretion?a- h+ b- k+ c- creatinine d- all of a, b and c above are correct about tubular secretion e- only a and b above are correct about tubular secretion ( ) 35- what does renin do?a- it forms paracasein with a milk protein in the stomach b- it catalyses the formation and release of angiotensin c- it is concerned with lipid digestion in the stomach d- it reduces blood pressure e- it is concerned with carbohydrate digestion in the stomach ( ) 36- the cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?a- secrete aldosterone b- secrete renin c- are located in the proximal convoluted tubule d- both a and c above are correct about the juxtaglomerular cells e- both b and c above are correct about the juxtaglomerular cells ( ) 37- aldosterone is secreted in response to?a- low extracellular sodium (na+) ion concentrations b- high extracellular potassium (k+) ion concentrations c- increased plasma angiotensin d- all of a, b and c above are correct about aldosterone e- only a and