[高二英语]选修8 Unit1 A land of diversity Language points.ppt

1.italsohasthedistinction(ofbeingthemostmulticulturalstateintheusa),havingattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.,加州与众不同之处在于它是美国最能体现多远文化的一个州.,重点句型,multi多,multiculture:多元文化,multimedia:多媒体,distinctionn.差别；区分；卓著;adj.distinct清晰的；明显的；明确的hehasadistinctgiftfordrawing.他有很明显的绘画天赋。youshouldmakeyourwritingdistinct.你应把字写清楚。winadistinctionfor因而获功勋,bedistinctin.from.在某方面与不同（as）distinctfrom与不同（的）makeadistinctionbetween对加以区分winadistinctionfor因而获功勋withoutdistinction无差别地；一视同仁地翻译句子thereisadistinctpossibilitythatshellbeyourteachernextterm.thosetwoideasarequitedistinctfromeachother.【答案】她下学期当你们老师的可能性非常大。这两种观点截然不同。,联想拓展,高手过招,2.however,itislikelythatnativeamericanswerelivingincaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.然而，土著美国人很可能在一万五千年前就在加州生活着。(1)是指从外表、迹像上进行判断，有可能发生。possible指客观上有可能，含希望小的意味。的可能性比possible大，表示“很可能，十有八九”。,考点提炼,likely,probable,(2)likely作主语，常用句型是：。(3)possible和probable都不以人作主语，常用句型有：_或;probable只能用句型。,人/物,itislikelythat.或sb./sth.is,likelyto.,itispossible(forsb.)todosth.,itispossiblethat.,itisprobablethat.,注意:likely比较级为likelier,最高级为likeliest,e.g.sheis_tosucceed.她有可能会成功.=itislikelythatshewillsucceed.,likely,thisisa_story.这是一个有可能发生的故事.,likely,3.twocenturieslater,thespanishhadsettledinmostpartsofsouthamericaandalongthenorthwestcoastofwhatwenowcalltheunitedstates.两百年后，西班牙人定居在南美洲大多数地区以及现在美国所在的西北沿海。（1）此句中的of后面所引导的是一个_。在英语中介词一般是不能带宾语从句的，但对于个别例外的词来讲，是可以自带从句作宾语的。,考点提炼,宾语从句,再如课文例句:whenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowascalifornia,宾语从句=allthat(theplacethat)wenowknowascalifornia.定语从句georgewashingtonwasbornin_isnowthestateofvirginia.whichb.wherec.thatd.what=georgewashingtonwasbornintheplacethatisnowthestateofvirginia.,d,（2）what此时用作，可以用来引导、或。注意what的用法：当主句和从句同时缺少主语、宾语或表语时才可以用what。what也可以相当于定语从句的“”。,连接代词,主语,从句,宾语从句,表语从句,先行,词+引导词,4.itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.人们认为这种多国籍的融合是如此巨大以致于不久就不会有主要的种族或文化团体，而只是多元文化的融合。,itisbelievedthatitissaidthatitishopedthatitissupposedthatitissuggestedthatitisreportedthat.一般可改为:sbisbelievedto(havedone)dosth但不可以这样itisreportedthatsomeeuropeancountriesarefloodedseverely.itishopedthatthecostofmedicalcarecanbecutdown.,5.peoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworld,attractedbytheclimateandthelifestyle,stillimmigratetocalifornia.被这里气候和生活方式所吸引的来自世界各地的人们也移民到了加利福尼亚。,6.californiaisthethirdlargeststateinthe序数词可以修饰形容词的最高级theyellowriveristhesecondlongestriverinchina.可以修饰比较级的词:no/alittle/abit/any/slightly/byfar/far/muchyourestandingtooclosetothecamera.canyoumove_?a.abitfarb.alittlefartherc.abitoffartherd.alittlefar,b,导练互动重点单词1.meansscientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheberingstraitinthearctictoamericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.(回归课本p2),观察思考everymeanshasbeentried.每种方法都试过了。allpossiblemeanshavebeentried.所有可行的方法都试过了。thisplanmustbeputintopracticebyallmeans.这个计划必须付诸实施。canyousolvetheproblembythismeans?你能用这种方法解决这个问题吗？,归纳总结means表示“”，其单复数同形。当means作主语且有等词修饰时谓语动词用单数；有some,several,many,few等词修饰时谓语动词用。means一般用于以下搭配：byallmeans尽一切办法；一定；务必；（表示答应）当然可以byanymeans无论如何bymeansof用，依靠bynomeans决不；并没有bythismeans用这种方法,方法，方式，手段,every,each,复数,bynomeans=notabit决不bynomeans_giveintotheterriblecircumstancesatthattimealthoughfacedwithgreatdifficulty.a.theywillb.willtheyc.theywouldd.wouldthey注意放在句首时主句使用部分倒装。means方法、手段、工具,单复数同形,多和介词by搭配。way方法,普通用语。可用于任何处理事物的方式。多于介词in搭配。method方法,理论,指合乎逻辑或系统的方法。多和介词with搭配。,d,e.g.teachingmethod教学方法only_thismethodcanyougetmuchbenefitfromitwhenreading.a.inb.onc.withd.bywelookforwardtothedaywhenthemotorcarhasbeenreplacedbysomelessdangerous_oftransport.a.meansb.methodsc.waysd.manners,c,a,1)weexpressourthoughts_words.a.bythismeansb.byallmeansc.bynomeansd.bymeansof2)-mayihavealookatyourbook?-_.a.bythismeansb.byallmeansc.bythiswayd.byanymeans3)everymeans_beentried,andallmeans_wellnow.a.have;gob.has;goc.have;goesd.has;goes,means,d,b,b,2.majorityofthefirstspanishtogotocalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen,.(回归课本p2)观察思考themajorityis/aredoinghis/theirbest.大多数人都尽心尽力。themajorityofmyfriendshavegoneabroad.我的大多数朋友都出国了。amajorityofworkersnowworkfivedaysaweek.现在多数工厂每周工作五天。,归纳总结majority_。(1)majoritycthemajority作主语时，谓语动词用单复数皆可。(2)themajorityof+名词，表示“多数”，其后的谓语动词取决于of之后的名词。(3)majority常由great修饰。(4)majority的反义词是minority，意为“少数，少数派，少数票，少数人”，复数形式是minorities，意为“少数民族”。,n.大多数;大半,majoradj.主要的，重要的，较大的，较多的；主修的;n.主修科目；主修学生;v.主修（in）minoradj.较小的；不重要的,(5)inthe/amajority占大多数getamajority获得多数票haveamajorityoversb.获得多于某人的票数，战胜某人agreatmajority大多数by/withamajorityof23456以大多数(赢得),即学即用(1)他以71票的优势赢得了该席位。hewontheseatwith.(2)她在董事会以110的多数票当选为公司董事长。shewaschosenasthepresidentofthecompany110intheboard.(3)多数人喜欢电脑胜过电视。seemtoprefercomputertotv.(4)多数人赞成这个建议。themajoritytheproposal.,amajorityof71,votes,byamajorityof,themajorityofpeople,was/wereinfavourof,themajority_forthebudget.themajorityofstudents_hard-working.themajorityofthedamage_easytorepair.,is/are,are,is,1)atthemeeting,youngpeoplewere_.a.inmajorityb.inthemajorityc.ofmajorityd.ofthemajority2)themajorityofstudents_treesinthefieldsandsomearecarryingwater.a.isplantingb.wasplantingc.areplantingd.wereplanting3)themajority_withme.a.agreesb.agreec.areagreedd.isagree,majority,b,c,b,3.occuryes.itdidntoccurtomethat.(回归课本p5)观察思考atthebeginningofjuneaneventoccurred.六月初发生了一件事。itoccurredtometovisitmyparents.我突然想去探望父母。thatsounddoesnotoccurinmylanguage.我的语言里不存在那个音。,归纳总结occur_。occurtosb.发生在某人身上itoccurstosb.todosth.某人想起做某事estosb.itoccurstosb.that-clauseitstrikessb.that-clause,vi.发生;出现;存在,某人突然想起,即学即用（1）事故发生在五点钟。（2）她突然想到她可能会收养一个无家可归的孩子。（3）同一个主题在她的许多作品中都有。,theaccidentoccurredatfiveoclock.,itoccurredtoherthatshemightadopt,ahomelesschild.,thesamethemeoccursinmanyofher,works.,4.percentagetoday,chinese-americansliveinallpartsofcalifornia,althoughalargepercentagehavechosentostayinthe“chinatowns”oflosangelesandsanfrancisco.(回归课本p2)观察思考1)ahighpercentageofthecollegestudentshaveparttimejobsathomeandabroad.不管是在国内还是在国外，大多数的大学生一边学习一边打工。,2)whatpercentageofhisincomeispaidin(以.形式)incometax?他收入的百分之几拿去交个人所得税？3)agood/great/large/heavypercentageofschoolbooksnowhavepictures.现在大多数教科书有插图。,归纳总结percentage_。(1)percentage前不用具体的数字修饰，但可以被high,low等形容词修饰。(2)percent百分之，相当于“%”，其前面往往用具体数字修饰。(3)“apercentageof+n.”在句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数根据名词的单复数形式而定。,n.百分比;百分率;部分;某一比例,theresultisexpressed_(以百分比)._(比例越来越大)ofthepopulationowntheirownhouses._(大部分)peoplecame._(百分之五十的学生)camefromworkersfamily.,asapercentage,anincreasingpercentage,alargepercentageof,50percentofstudents,5.diversity=variety多样性、变化adiversityofvegetablesdiversifyvt.使多样性,使不同diversifyonesskills/interestsweshoulddiversifylessonstoattractmorestudents.acompanyshoulddiversify.,6.population人口thepopulationofchina_large.and70%ofthepopulationofchina_peasants.表示整体人口时谓语动词用单数,表示部分人口时谓语动词用复数。而形容人口的多少通常用large/small。对人口的多少进行疑问时，可用whatsthepopulationof?whatsthepopulationofguangdong?haveapopulationof有多少人口chinahasapopulationof1.3billion.anincrease/growthinpopulation人口,is,are,7.however,somesurvivedtheseterribletimes,andtodaytherearemorenativeamericanslivingincaliforniathaninanyotherstate.,幸免,幸免于难only12ofthe140passengers_.在140名乘客中只有12人幸免于难。,survive,survived,挺过来,挣扎过下去e.g.idontthinki_anotheryearasateacher;justtoostressful.,couldsurvive,比(某人)长寿,比(通常指亲人)活的更长e.g.harry_hiswifebythreemonths.哈里比他妻子多活了三个月。,survived,8.declarevt.1)tomakeknownpubliclyorofficially宣布,宣告主席宣布了选举结果。thechairmandeclaredtheresultsoftheelection.警方现在已经对这个地区的毒贩宣战了。thepolicehavedeclaredwarondrugdealersinthisarea.法官宣判这个窃贼有罪。thejudgedeclaredthethiefguilty.,2)tostatewithgreatforcessothatthereisnodoubtaboutthemeaning宣称,声称,断言她郑重宣布她对此事一无所知。shesolemnlydeclaredthatsheknewnothingaboutit.请表明你的立场。declareyourposition,please.她声称自己无罪。shedeclaredherselftobeinnocent.他声明此事属实。hedeclaredthatitwastrue.,9.mixn.混合v.混合,混乱wehavetocomeupwithamixofpoliciestopleasethevoters.(折中)youcanmixyellowandbluetogethertomakegreen.wecannotmixworkwithpleasure.mixturen.混合物,混合体这种饮料是三种不同饮料的混合物。thedrinkisamixtureof3differentsortsofdrinks.amixtureofsadnessandanger/waterandoil,vi.混合,使结合oilandwaterdontmix.oildoesntmixwithwater.tomandjohnmixlikeoilandwater.igot/wasmixedupatfirst.头脑混乱hewasmixedupinthescandal.(丑闻)牵连到dontgetmixedupwiththem.与交往,有联系successisa_ofasharpmindandhardtrainingratherthanjusttalking.a.mixtureb.thoughtc.timed.action,a,重点短语1.makealifesomediedorreturnedhome,butmostremainedincaliforniatomakealifeforthemselvesdespitegreathardship.(回归课本p2)观察思考theproblemishowtheymakealife.问题是他们如何习惯于新的生活方式。wemakealivingbywhatweget;wemakealifebywhatwegive.我们通过得到些什么来谋生；通过给予某些东西来适应生活。,归纳总结makealife意为：。cometolife突然苏醒；突然开始工作；突然变得活跃live/leada.life过着生活comebacktolife苏醒过来；恢复生气fulloflife充满生气make/earna/onesliving谋生start/makeanewlife开始新生活forlife终生，一生，终身tothelife栩栩如生，逼真,习惯于新的生活方式、工作等,即学即用(1)他们去了西部地区，决心去适应新生活。theywenttothewestanddecided.(2)他靠卖菜为生。hesellingvegetables.(3)救援队使婴儿苏醒过来了。therescueteam.,tomake,alifethere,earned/madea/hislivingby,broughtthebabybackto,life,2.keepupin1911immigrantsfromdenmarkestablishedatownoftheirown,whichtodaystillkeepsuptheirdanishculture.(回归课本p2)观察思考ihopethefineweatherwillkeepup.我希望好天气能保持下去。ifyoudonotkeepupwiththepaymentsyoucouldloseyourhouse.如果你不继续付款，你的住房就可能保不住了。doyoustillkeepupyourspanish?你还坚持说西班牙语吗？wemustkeepupwiththetimes.我们必须跟上时代步伐。,tom_theplan.(汤姆反对这个计划)_willgotoshanghaiaftergraduation.(大多数人毕业后都会去上海)3._studentscanpasstheexam.(少数学生能通过这次考试)4.we_tenyears.(我们已经合作10年了)5._travelisbyplane.(旅行的最快方式是乘飞机)6.we_theenemy.(已向敌人宣战),objectedto,themajority,asmallpercentageof,haveteamedupfor,thequickestmeansof,declaredwaron,fillintheblanks.,7.themanageaskedtheworkersto_thework.(经理叫工人继续工作)8.agoodidea_meallatonce.(我突然想到一个好主意)9._thatthesportsmeetwillbeh