Unit 5 The British Ways and Manners.ppt

unit5thebritishwayswhatsimportantisyourmind.youdontwantafifty-dollarhaircutonafifty-centhead.goodlooksareasnarethateverysensiblemanwouldliketobecaughton.thegoodthingaboutbeingyoungisthatyouarenotexperiencedenoughtoknowyoucannotpossiblydothethingsyouaredoing.,privacy,theenglishpeopleareverystrictaboutprivacy.theythinktheprivatemattersaretheirownthings.youshouldmindyourownbusiness.therearesomeotherquestionsyoushouldneveraskanenglishmanunlessyouknowhimverywell.firstly,dontaskaboutmoneymatters,suchasincomeorsalaryoffriend,orpricesoftheirpossessions.secondly,dontaskwomansageandpersonalquestions,orremark.,dontaskmymarriage,mychildren.itsnotyourbusiness.,idontneedtotellyouaboutmysalary,either!,atthesametime,itsimpolitetobecuriousabouttheprivateaffairsofother,evenyourfriend.nevertrytohearaconversationwhenitisnotintendedforyou.overhearingisimpolite.,taboo,dontvisitothershomeunlessinvited.remembertobringsomegifts.dontgiveodd-numberedflowers,especiallyliliesandchrysanthemum(菊花)，fortheyareusedinfunerals.donttalkaboutqueenorking.refertothemasbritishinsteadofenglish.donotsneeze.ifso,coveryourmouthwithhandkerchief.say“godblessyou,”whenothersdo.,thoseyoushouldknow(1),formal;informalelementaryruleshowingconsiderationtosb;acknowledgingtheconsideration(sbshowstoyou)anadvanceapologyforaccidentaldisturbancebreachofmannersanimpliedrequest/animpliedapologyaskpermissionyes,please/no,thankyou.beexpecttobeentitledtotoinvolverealinconvenienceofferservicetotorefuseanofferofservice(bymeansof)withoutbeingconsciousofit,thoseyoushouldknow(2),asocialoccasion/abusinessoccasionbeparticularaboutsthtokeeptheconversationgoingconformbelessobservedtohelpheralightfromthebustoapplytobeinneedofprotectionandsupportpartlyirrelevantexperienceofsbtokeeppacewiththetimescomplimenttorevealanobviousefforttoartificiallyyoungberegardedwithdisapproval,unit5textbwhatstypicallybritish,britishpeopleusedtositdowntoatraditionalcookedbreakfast.,butmanypeopledonthaveenoughtimetoenjoyaheartybreakfast,theyjustgrabacupofcoffeeandapieceoftoast.,infact,onlyoneineightfamiliessitsdowntogetherforbreakfast.,gardeningisaverypopularactivityinbritain,withmanypeopletakingprideinmakingtheirgardenslookasprettyaspossible.,theenglishgardenismoreofanoutdoorroomanextensionofthehousethatshouldbejustasattractiveandcomfortableasaroominthehouse.itisseenlessassomewheretoproducethings-food,flowersforcutting,butmoreasanoutdoorlivingspace.,gardening,driving,duetothedifferenttrafficenvironment,trafficrulesbetweenchinaandbritainarequitedifferent.theukisoneofthefewcountriesaredrivingontheleft,visitorstobritainshouldsoongetusedtolookingrightinsteadofleftwhenyoucrosstheroad.,tea,britishtea,beganinthemiddleof17thcentury.mostbritishlikeblacktea,especiallymilkteaandlemontea.theylaygreatemphasisontheafternoontea.duetothelongtimebetweenmealsinthemorningandevening,makethepersonhastiredthefeelingofhunger.astimepasses,afternoonteahasbecomeakindofcustom.,thefourseasonsclimateisrelativelymild,butweatherchangessoquicklythatoftenmakepeoplecaughtoffguard.intheukwillexperiencefourseasonsinaday.insummer,itisdry,cloudyandcool.itrainsandshowers.augustisthethirdwettestmonthoftheyear.britishpeopleareusedtoitbuttheystillcomplain.,unit5textcsocialcustomsinbritain,timeinvitationsdressintroductionandgreetingdining,britishpeopleplaceconsiderablevalueonpunctuality.,itisoftenconsideredimpolitetoarriveevenafewminuteslate.ifyouareunabletokeepanappointment,itisexpectedthatyoucallthepersonyouaremeeting.,attention:besuretobetenminuteslatewhenyouareinvitedtoadinneratafriendshome,becausethehostessmightstillbebusypreparingthedinner.,rsvp,invitations,ifyoureceiveawritteninvitationtoaneventthatsays“rsvp”,youshouldrespondtoletthepersonwhosenttheinvitationknowwhetherornotyouplantoattend.,althoughitisnotnecessarilyexpectedthatyougiveagifttoyourhost,itisconsideredpolitetodoso,especiallyyouhavebeeninvitedforameal.flowers,chocolate,orasmallgiftareallappropriate,everydaydressisappropriateformostvisitstopeopleshomes.,dress,dining,theeveningmealisthemainmealofthedayinmostpartsofbritain,severalwaysoffoodbeingserved,familystylebuffetstyleservingstyle,unit5textd,theoriginofsurname,theancientbritishpeopleonlyhadnames,orratherfirstnameinsteadoffullname.asthepopulationincreased,itwasimpossibletoidentifythepeople.hence,peoplewerecallednameplushisoccupation,suchasjohntheweaver,whichwaslateronshortenedjohnweaver.,surnamederivedfromoccupation,wright:makercartwright:马车制造工shipwright:造船工wheelwright:车轮制工carpenter(木匠)mason(石匠)taylor(裁缝)butcher(屠夫),smithgoldsmith:金匠blacksmith铁匠coppersmith铜匠silversmith银匠；tomgold(smith)tomsilver(smith)thatcher:盖屋匠farmergardener,chancellor(司法官)alderman(副主祭、高级市政官,地位仅次于市长)judge(法官)king(国王)marshall(元帅)popebishop,surnamederivedfrominhabitation,wood,field,street,tree,pond,lake,hill,forest,moor(是荒野，小山）,surnamederivedfrompersonalcharacteristics,longfellow(高个儿)small-man(矮个儿)brightman(聪明的人)short(矮子)brown(黑脸人)littlejohn(小约翰)williamsdrinkwater(爱喝水的人)armstrong(胳膊很有劲),英格兰人加后缀-son和-s，瑞典人加后缀-son苏格兰人加前缀mac-爱尔兰人加前缀mac-或mc-和o诺曼人加fitz德国人加von-西班牙人和意大利人加di-丹麦人和挪威人加后缀-sen。如：johnsoneg:mcneill、macadam、obrian、fitzherbert。,surnamederivedfromfamily,lionbull(公牛)fox(狐狸)peacock(雄孔雀)lamb(小羊)bird(小鸟)badger(袋狸)hart(