高中英语语法复习：《名词性从句》 .ppt

grammarfocus theattributiveclause nounclause hisjobisimportant whathedoesisimportant thisishisjob thisiswhathedoeseveryday 名词性从句在功能上相当于名词 主语 表语 idon tlikehisjob idon tlikewhathedoeseveryday idon tknowabouttheman mr white idon tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher 宾语 同位语 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句 nounclauses 名词性从句的功能相当于名词或名词词组 它在复合句中能担任主语 宾语 表语 同位语 介词宾语等 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能 名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句和同位语从句 名词性从句 nounclauses 名词性从句 subjectclause 主语从句 appositiveclause 同位语从句 objectclause 宾语从句 predicativeclause 表语从句 找出各句中的从句并指出是何种从句 1 idon tknowificandoit 2 whatheisdoingseemsverydifficult 3 theimportantthingishowwecanimproveourstudies 4 mrlialwaysthinksofhowhecandomoreforthepeople 5 thenewsthatshewaspretendingtobesickwaswhisperedfromonetoanother 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 宾语从句 二 时态1 如果主句是现在的时态 包括一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 从句的时态可根据实际情况而定 包括一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 现在完成时等 iknowhe here live iknowhe heretenyearsago live ihaveheardthathe tomorrow come lives lived willcome 2 如果主句是过去的时态 包括一般过去时 过去进行时 那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态 包括一般过去时 过去进行时 过去将来时 过去完成时 iknewwho here live isawshe hermother talk heaskedwhetherhisfather tomorrow comeback hesaidthathe it see lived wastalkingwith wouldcomeback hadseen 3 当从句是客观真理 定义 公理 定理时用一般现在时 theteachersaidthattheearth aroundthesun travel travelis 三 语序从句的语序用陈述语序 连接词 主语 谓语 其他成分 1 whenwillhegotothelibrary 1hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary 2hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary 2 whatdoeshewanttobuy 1idon tknowwhathewantstobuy 2idon tknowwhatdoeshewanttobuy 1 idon tknowwhatisthematter thetrouble wrongwithhim 2 idon tknowwhodidit 3 idon tknowwhoishe conjunctionsofnounclauses 引导名词性从句的关联词 what who whom whose which wh ever that whether if asif asthough when where how why 1 hewantsisabook 2 hewantstogothereisobvious 3 weshouldpayattentionto theteacherissaying 4 hetoldus hefeltill 5 theresultis wewonthegame what that what that that 注意1 that what的辨用 6 thisis wewanttoknow 7 ihavenoidea hedidthatafternoon 8 thefact sheworkshardiswellknowntousall what what that 1 that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分 只起连接作用 2 what除起连接作用外 还在名词性从句中充当成分 可做从句的主语 宾语 或表语 rules 例1 wecan tgetseemsbetterthan wehave a what whatb what thatc that thatd that what例2 noonecanbesure inamillionyears a whatmanwilllooklikeb whatwillmanlooklikec manwilllooklikewhatd whatlookwillmanlike 考查引导词that与what的区别 1 whetheritistrueremainsaproblem 2 itremainsaproblemwhether ifitistrue 3 heaskedwhether ifmarywouldattendtheceremony 4 itdependsonwhetherwehavegotenoughmoney 5 thequestioniswhetheryoushouldacceptit 注意2 whether与if的辨用 rules 6 thequestionwhetherhe llattendthemeetingisimportant 7 ididn tknowwhethertolaughortocry 8 idon tknowwhether ifitisrightornot practicetime if whether1 iaskedher shehadabike 2 idon tknow heiswellornot 3 wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather 4 ithasn tbeendecided weshallattendthemeeting whether if whether whether whether if 5 we reworriedabout heissafe 6 thequestionis heshoulddoit 7 thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion theoldmanwillrecoversoon 8 idon tknow togoortostayathome whether whether whether whether 1 跟在某些名词后面 对该名词作进一步解释说明 常用名词有belief fact idea hope news doubt result thought information opinion等 suggestion suggestorderdemandwish等2 常用连词 that when where why how 同位语从句 3 同位语从句多用that引导 无意义 不可省 e g 1 消息传来 拿破仑要来视察他的军队 wordcamethatnapoleonwouldcomeandinspecthisgrandarmy 2 问题是他如何做这件事的 it sthequestionhowhedidit 4 在havenoidea之后用wh 引导同位语从句 ihavenoideawherehehasgone ihavenoideawhenhedidit ihavenoideawhathedid tellthedifference 1 thenewsthattheplanewouldtakeoffontimemadeeverybodyhappy 2 thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportisthataheavystormiscoming appositive attributive 3 thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering 4 thesuggestionthattheyareconsideringisthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical appositive attributive 判断 定语从句or同位语从句 1 theorderthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroupswasreceivedyesterday 2 theorderthatwereceivedyesterdaywasthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroups 3 thenewsthathewillleaveforshanghaiistrue 4 thenewsthatwegotlastweekistrue 5 thequestionthatwediscussedyesterdayisadifficultone 定语从句 同位语从句 同位语从句 定语从句 定语从句 主语从句 主语从句有时用 it 作形式主语 把真正的主语放在后面 以避免头重脚轻 itisknowntousthathewillcomehere it be 形容词 that从句 itisnecessarythat 有必要 itisimportantthat 重要的是 itisobviousthat 很明显 it be ed分词 that从句 itisbelievedthat 人们相信 itisknowntous allthat 众所周知 ithasbeendecidedthat 已经决定 用it形式主语的that从句有以下四种不同的搭配 it be 名词 that从句 itiscommonknowledgethat 是常识itisasurprisethat 令人惊奇的是 itisafactthat 事实是 it 不及物动词 that从句 itappearsthat 似乎 ithappensthat 碰巧 itoccurredtomethat 我突然想起 宾语从句中用it作形式宾语 1 wethinkitourdutythatweshouldhelpothers 2 ifinditimpossiblethatheshouldfinishtheworkintwodays 注意 如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时 一般用it来作形式宾语 把从句放在宾补后面 考查it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法 例1 isafactthatenglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage a thereb thisc thatd it 例2 ihate whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull a itb thatc thisd them例3 does matterifhecan tfinishthejobontime a thisb thatc hed it 1 goandgetyourcoat it s youleftit a thereb wherec therewered wherethere2 theproblemis hehasenoughtime a ifb whetherc d that3 hemade