形容词、副词用法.doc

形容词用法1.形容词概念：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词，叫形容词。2.形容词作用，是用来修饰、描绘名词的，通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补，有时还可作状语。如：This is an interesting book. (作定语） He is honest and hardworking. （作表语） I found the book interesting. （作宾补）3. 在连系动词后+adj 作表语；连词动词有A. be(是), look(看起来), feel(摸上去), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎是), appear(似乎、显得), prove(证明是)等。B .表“保持”词：remain(依然) , keep(保持), stay(保持), continue(继续、仍旧), C. 表变化的词：become(变成), turn(变成), grow(变得), get(变得), go（由好变坏）等 如: The story sounds true. Why dont you put the meat in the fridge? It will stay fresh for several days. Put the fish in the fridge, or it will go bad in hot weather.注意：1). 只能作表语的形容词。如：alone，alive，afraid，asleep，ill，interested，excited, surprised等。 如：That old man feels alone because his children are out. Im afraid he cant come2). 以ly结尾的形容词有friendly，lively，lovely，lonely，likely ，lovely，等。eg. Her singing was lovely. 3).有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词，如daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early等。 The Times is a weekly paper. 时代周刊为周刊。 4. 形容词与不定代词something，anything，nothing，everything等连用时，要放在这些词后面。如：Is there anything interesting in todays newspaper?注：1）形容词短语做定语时要后置。如：They are the students easy to teach. 他们是很容易较的学生。2）else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。如：Did you see anybody else? 你看到别的人了吗？5. 某些形容词可以和定冠词连用，表示一类人或事物，其作用相当于一个名词，如：the young（年轻人），the poor（穷人），the rich（富人）。当其作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。如：The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.6. 多个形容词的排序。如果有两个以上的形容词修饰同一个名词时，其前后排列顺序一般如下： 限定词(a/the，thissomeher)+数量词（先序数词后基数词）+观点+大小+形状+新旧+颜色+产地+材料+名词。如：a dirty old black shirt 一件又脏又旧的黑色衬衣副词用法 副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，有时也能修饰名词，表示时间、地点、方式、程度、动作、频度等，在句中主要用作状语。(1)副词在句中的成分 A 作状语 如：we should listen to our teachers carefully（副词修饰动词） You are quite right. （副词修饰形容词） He ran very fast. (副词修饰副词) Luckily, no one died in the accident. (副词修饰整个句子)B.作定语（时间副词和地点副词可以做后置定语）。 eg The students here are all from Hubei.C.作表语 eg. What is on this evening? (今晚上演什么节目。）D.作宾语补足语 e.g. Dont let him in.(2) 频度副词（always, usually, often, sometimes, never，seldom等）修饰动词时，放在连系动词和助动词之后，行为动词之前， 如：Mr. Smith usually comes to school by car.(3) already和yet的区别：already用于陈述句，一般用于肯句中，示“已经”；放于句中，或句末。yet用于疑问句及否定句；在疑问句为“已经”；否定句中为“尚未，还没有”，一般都放于句末。如：I have already finished the homework. Have you found your English book yet?注意：1)副词very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。 改错：（错） I very like English. （对）I like English very much. 2)副词enough要放在adj/adv的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。例如： I dont know him well enough. 他我不熟悉。 There is enough food for everyone to eat.有足够的食物供每个人吃。 (4)形容词变副词的规律a. 一般的形容词在结尾加ly变为副词。例如：careful-carefullyb. 以元音加e结尾的单词要去e在加ly。例如：true-truly，gentlegently c. 辅音加y结尾的单词去y变i在加ly。例如：angry-angrilyd. 单音节y结尾直接加ly。例如：shy-shylye. 以le结尾的单词直接将e变为y。例如：terrible-terribly, possible-possibly f. 形容词、副词同形：hard, fast, late, early, long, well 。这些单词加ly之后就变成其他意思的单词了。例如：hardly就变成“几乎不”的意思，是五大隐形否定词（few，little, never, seldom, hardly）之一。(5)兼有两种形式的副词用法 1）close与closely close意思是近；closely 意思是仔细地。例如： He is sitting close to me. 他就坐在我边上。 Watch him closely. 盯着他。 2）late 与lately late意思是晚；lately 意思是最近。例如： You have come too late. 你来得太晚了。 What have you been doing lately? 近来好吗？ 3）deep与deeply deep意思是深，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，深深地。例如： He pushed the stick deep into the mud.他把棍子深深插进泥里。 Even father was deeply moved by the film.老爸也被电影深深打动了。 4）high与highly high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much。例如： The plane was flying high. 这架飞机飞得很高。 I think highly of your opinion. 你的看法很有道理。 5）wide与widely wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是广泛地，在许多地方。例如： He opened the door wide. 他把门开得大大的。 English is widely used in the world.英语在世界范围内广泛使用。 6）free与freely free的意思是免费；freely 的意思是无限制地。例如： You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.无论什么时候，我这饭铺免费对你开放。专题过关检测基础篇-写出下列单词的副词形式。 quick- fast- clear- beautiful- happy- late- careful- cheerful- true- heavy- slow- good- deep- polite- hard- early- bad- dangerous- excited - fast- greedy- loud- unsuccessful- fortunate- 二. 用括号中的词的副词形式完成句子。 1) We waited _ for the bus. (patient) 2) He works _. (hard) 3) She sings _, but she acts _. (beautiful/bad) 4) He always cooks dinner _. (late) 5) You speak English _. (good) 6) Our school secretary types very _. (fast) 7) Adam uses his calculator _. (quick) 8) Vera speaks good French, but she writes it _. (careless) 9) He interrupted _ when my mother was talking. (rude) 10) Our neighbor always shuts his car door _. (noisy)提升篇-单项选择题5. HespeaksEnglish_ _hisaunt A.asgoodas B.aswellas C.asbetteras D.asbestas6. Whichdoyoulike_,skating,swimmingorfishing?A.more B.most C.better D.best7. Whosings_,RoseorKate?A.well B.good C.better D.best8. Shewrites_ thanI.A.morecareful B.muchcareful C.muchmorecarefully D.muchcarefully9. Thenightwasvery_,sohehadtotakeoffhisshoes_.A.quiet;quietly B.quite;quickly C.late;quick D.quite;quietly10. How_thegirlsareplaying!A.happy B.happier C.happyly D.happily11. InBritaintea_withmilkorsugarinit.A.usuallydrinks B.isusuallydrunk C.usuallyisdrunk D.drankusually12. He_toschooltocleanhisclassroom.A.alwayscomesearly B.comesalwaysearly C.alwaysearlycomes D.comealwaysearlier13. WehavebeentotheChinaFolkCultureVillages_.A.lately B.late C.latest D.last14. Igotup_ today.A.later B.morelately C.lately D.late15. We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining _.A. badly B. hardly C. strongly D. heavily培优篇-单项选择题1. If I had, I would visit Europe, stopping at all the small interesting places.A. a long enough holiday B. an enough long holidayC. a holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough2. These oranges taste. A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well3. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard.A. the better voice B. a good voice C. the best voice D. a better voice4. Those T-shirts are usually 35 each, but today they have a (an)price of 19 in the shopping center.A. regular B. special C. cheap D. ordinary5. Mr Smith bought apurse for his wife.A. small black leather B. black leather small C. small leather black D. black small leather6. How was your job interview? Oh, I couldnt feel. I hardly found proper answers to most of the questions they asked.A. better B. easier C. worse D. happier7. Can Li Hua help me with my English? I regret to tell you her English isyours.A. as good as B. no more than C. no better than D. as much as8. Can I help you? Well, Im afraid the box isheavy for you, but thank you all the same.A. so B. much C. very D. too9. Would you like some wine? Yes, just.A. little B. very little C. a little D. little bit10. box cannot be lifted by a boy of five.A. So a heavy B. So heavy a C. A such heavy D. Such heavy a巩固练习：用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. Linda has a _(beautiful, beautifully) voice. She can sing _(beautiful, beautifully).2. Deming is a _ (careful, carefully) boy. He always does his homework _ (careful, carefully).3. You must put the books _(different, differently) because they are _ (different, differently).4. There was a _ (heavy, heavily) rain last night. It rained _ (heavy, heavily).5. Annie enjoys reading books _ in a _ place. (quiet)6. The bananas in that supermarket taste _ and sell _.(good)7. To be a _ typist, one needs to type _.(fast)8. Tracy was _ to know she had passed her driving test. She was so proud that she jumped up and down _. (happy)9. -David used to be very lazy, but now hes a _ worker. He works very _.-Really? I can _ believe it. (hard)10. He traveled _ (wide) and had great understanding of many countries.11. The children sat _ (quiet) and watched the fish _(careful).语法选择My elder brother is 30 years old now. He is a good driver and a good brother. He enjoys _21_ sports very much. Every morning, he gets up early and _22_ in Yuexiu Park. He also plays _23_ basketball every day. He is strong and healthy. He always says to me, “Sport can make us strong!” my brother loves _24_ and his favourite magazine is Auto Fan. He wants _25_ a sport-racing car. That is his dream. I hope I can _26_ one for _27_ in the future. I am his only sister, and my brother loves me very much. He often plays games with me and helps me _28_ my studies. When I make mistakes, he always tell me with a smile that, “Dont _29_ that again.” We love each other very much. I am so_30_ that I have such a good brother.21. A. doing B. do C. does D. to doing22. A. ran B. run C. runs D. running23. A. a B an C. the D./24. A. reading B. reads C. read D. to reading25. A. have B. has C. to have D. having26. A. buy B. buys C. to buy D. bought27. A. he B. his C. him D. hes28. A. about B. for C. with D. from29. A. does B. do C. did D. doing30. A. unlucky B. unluckily C. lucky D. luckily完形填空Once there was a king .He liked _1_ stories He thought his stories were good, _2_ he liked to show them to other people. Because people were afraid of the king, they all said that his stories were very good.One day, the king was telling _3_ best story to a poor writer. He wanted the writer to say _4_ to him, but the writer said his story was so bad that he should throw it_5 _the fire. The king got very angry with him and _6_him to the prison. After some time, the king _7_sorry for the writer and set him free. When the writer was set free from the prison, the king ordered him _8_to his palace. He showed him some of his new stories and asked the writer what he thought of _9_.After _10_ them, the writer turned to the soldiers and said. “Take me back to the prison!”( )1. A. tellB. tellingC. toldD. tells ( )2. A. so B. and C. or D. but ( )3. A. he B. him C. himself D. his ( )4. A. anything good B. good anything C. something good D. good something ( )5. A. for B. at C. of D. into ( )6. A. sent B. send C. felt D. was feeling ( )7. feel B. feels C. felt D. was feeling( )8. A. come B. came C. to come D. coming ( )9. A. themselves B. their C. they D. them( )10. A. read B. reading C. being reading D. to read阅读理解In Canada and the United States, people enjoy entertaining(请客) at home. They often invite friends over for a meal, a party, or just for coffee and conversation.Here are the kinds of things people say when they invite someone to their home:“Would you like to come over for dinner on Saturday night?”“Hey, were having a party on Friday. Can you come?”To reply to an invitation, either say thank you and accept, or say youre sorry and give an excuse:“Thanks, Id love to. What time would you like me to come?” or “Oh, sorry. I have tickets for a movie.” Sometimes, however, people use expressions that sound like invitations but which are not real invitations. For example: “Please come over for a drink sometime.”“Why dont you come over and see us sometime soon?”They are really just polite ways of ending a conversation. They are not real invitations because they dont mention a specific(确切的) time or date. They just show that the person is trying to be friendly. To reply to expressions like these, people just say “Sure, that would be great!” or “Ok/ Yes, thanks.”So next time when you hear what sounds like an invitation, listen carefully. Is it a real invitation or is the person just friendly?( )1. Why do Canadians and Americans often invite friends for meals at home? _.A. Because they can save time B. Because they can spend less moneyC. Because they enjoy entertaining at homeD. Because they have modern and beautiful houses( )2. Which of the following is a real invitation? _A. If youre free, lets go for a drink sometime.B. Please go to the cinema with me some day.C. Would you like to have a cup of tea with us sometime?D. Ive two tickets here. Can you go to the concert with me?( )3. If people say Lets get together for lunch some day, you just say _.A. That would be nice B. How about this weekend?C. Oh, sorry. Im very busy D. Thats great. Ill be there on time.( )4. People use an unreal invitation in order to show that _.A. theyre trying to be friendly B. theyre trying to be helpfulC. theyre trying to make friends with others D. they havent got ready for a party yet( )5. The passage is mainly about _.A. entertainment at home B. real invitations or not C. expressions of starting a conversation D. ways of ending a conversation课后作业选择填空1. The boy fell out of the tree and hurt himself _.A. badly B. bad C. hardly D. worse2. The moon is shining very _ tonight.A. bright B. brighter C. more brightly D. brightly3. “Please be _ here,” the woman says to us _.A. quiet; quietlyB.