最全MIDI常用表.doc

常见MIDI信息状态位和数据位含义表状态位数据位第一字节代码(二进制)=(十六进制)=(十进制)第一字节代码含义第一字节数据含义第二字节数据含义通道号功能10000000=80=128Channel 1note off以下均为音符代码(0-127)请参见MIDI音符代码表以下均为力度代码(0-127)10000001=81=129Channel 2note off10000010=82=130Channel 3note off10000011=83=131Channel 4note off10000100=84=132Channel 5note off10000101=85=133Channel 6note off10000110=86=134Channel 7note off10000111=87=135Channel 8note off10001000=88=136Channel 9note off10001001=89=137Channel 10note off10001010=8A=138Channel 11note off10001011=8B=139Channel 12note off10001100=8C=140Channel 13note off10001101=8D=141Channel 14note off10001110=8E=142Channel 15note off10001111=8F=143Channel 16note off10010000=90=144Channel 1note on10010001=91=145Channel 2note on10010010=92=146Channel 3note on10010011=93=147Channel 4note on10010100=94=148Channel 5note on10010101=95=149Channel 6note on10010110=96=150Channel 7note on10010111=97=151Channel 8note on10011000=98=152Channel 9note on10011001=99=153Channel 10note on10011010=9A=154Channel 11note on10011011=9B=155Channel 12note on10011100=9C=156Channel 13note on10011101=9D=157Channel 14note on10011110=9E=158Channel 15note on10011111=9F=159Channel 16note on10100000=A0=160Channel 1polyphonic aftertouch触后量代码(0-127)10100001=A1=161Channel 2polyphonic aftertouch10100010=A2=162Channel 3polyphonic aftertouch10100011=A3=163Channel 4polyphonic aftertouch10100100=A4=164Channel 5polyphonic aftertouch10100101=A5=165Channel 6polyphonic aftertouch10100110=A6=166Channel 7polyphonic aftertouch10100111=A7=167Channel 8polyphonic aftertouch10101000=A8=168Channel 9polyphonic aftertouch10101001=A9=169Channel 10polyphonic aftertouch10101010=AA=170Channel 11polyphonic aftertouch10101011=AB=171Channel 12polyphonic aftertouch10101100=AC=172Channel 13polyphonic aftertouch10101101=AD=173Channel 14polyphonic aftertouch10101110=AE=174Channel 15polyphonic aftertouch10101111=AF=175Channel 16polyphonic aftertouch10110000=B0=176Channel 1control mode change详见MIDI信息使用介绍详表10110001=B1=177Channel 2control mode change10110010=B2=178Channel 3control mode change10110011=B3=179Channel 4control mode change10110100=B4=180Channel 5control mode change10110101=B5=181Channel 6control mode change10110110=B6=182Channel 7control mode change10110111=B7=183Channel 8control mode change10111000=B8=184Channel 9control mode change10111001=B9=185Channel 10control mode change10111010=BA=186Channel 11control mode change10111011=BB=187Channel 12control mode change10111100=BC=188Channel 13control mode change10111101=BD=189Channel 14control mode change10111110=BE=190Channel 15control mode change10111111=BF=191Channel 16control mode change11000000=C0=192Channel 1program change程序代码(0-127)无11000001=C1=193Channel 2program change11000010=C2=194Channel 3program change11000011=C3=195Channel 4program change11000100=C4=196Channel 5program change11000101=C5=197Channel 6program change11000110=C6=198Channel 7program change11000111=C7=199Channel 8program change11001000=C8=200Channel 9program change11001001=C9=201Channel 10program change11001010=CA=202Channel 11program change11001011=CB=203Channel 12program change11001100=CC=204Channel 13program change11001101=CD=205Channel 14program change11001110=CE=206Channel 15program change11001111=CF=207Channel 16program change11010000=D0=208Channel 1channal aftertouch触后量代码(0-127)无11010001=D1=209Channel 2channal aftertouch11010010=D2=210Channel 3channal aftertouch11010011=D3=211Channel 4channal aftertouch11010100=D4=212Channel 5channal aftertouch11010101=D5=213Channel 6channal aftertouch11010110=D6=214Channel 7channal aftertouch11010111=D7=215Channel 8channal aftertouch11011000=D8=216Channel 9channal aftertouch11011001=D9=217Channel 10channal aftertouch11011010=DA=218Channel 11channal aftertouch11011011=DB=219Channel 12channal aftertouch11011100=DC=220Channel 13channal aftertouch11011101=DD=221Channel 14channal aftertouch11011110=DE=222Channel 15channal aftertouch11011111=DF=223Channel 16channal aftertouch11100000=E0=224Channel 1pitch wheel control音调调节轮控制数据低位字节(0-127)音调调节轮控制数据高位字节(0-127)11100001=E1=225Channel 2pitch wheel control11100010=E2=226Channel 3pitch wheel control11100011=E3=227Channel 4pitch wheel control11100100=E4=228Channel 5pitch wheel control11100101=E5=229Channel 6pitch wheel control11100110=E6=230Channel 7pitch wheel control11100111=E7=231Channel 8pitch wheel control11101000=E8=232Channel 9pitch wheel control11101001=E9=233Channel 10pitch wheel control11101010=EA=234Channel 11pitch wheel control11101011=EB=235Channel 12pitch wheel control11101100=EC=236Channel 13pitch wheel control11101101=ED=237Channel 14pitch wheel control11101110=EE=238Channel 15pitch wheel control11101111=EF=239Channel 16pitch wheel control以下信息为系统信息,无指定的通道 11110000=F0=240system exclusive不定,由实际情况决定11110001=F1=241MIDI time code quarter frame详见MIDI信息详表11110010=F2=242song position pointer低位字节高位字节11110011=F3=243song select(song#)(0-127)11110100=F4=244undifined保留11110101=F5=245undifined保留11110110=F6=246tune request无11110111=F7=247end of sysex(EOX)无11111000=F8=248timing clock无11111001=F9=249undifined无11111010=FA=250start无11111011=FB=251continue无11111100=FC=252stop无11111101=FD=253undifined保留11111110=FE=254active sensing无11111111=FF=255system reset无MIDI 1.0信息二进制代码细则表状态位(D7-D0)数据位(D7-D0)信息含义通道声音信息(Channal Voice Message)1000ccccOnnnnnnn音符关闭信息Ovvvvvvv这个信息是在一个音结束时发出的,如键盘的某个键被放开其中(nnnnnnn)是音符音高的编号代码,(vvvvvvv)是力度的编号代码1001ccccOnnnnnnn音符打开信息Ovvvvvvv这个信息是在一个音开始时发出的,如键盘的某个键被按下,其中(nnnnnn)是音符音高的编号代码,(vvvvvvv)是力度的编号代码1010ccccOnnnnnnn复音键压力变化信息Ovvvvvvv这个信息是在先前被按下的琴键的压力变化时发出的,其中(nnnnnnn)是音符的编号代码,(vvvvvvv)是变化后新力度的编号代码1011cccc0ccccccc控制变化信息0vvvvvvv这个信息是在某个控制器的控制值发生变化时发出的,例如:踏板等变化有些控制器的为了一些特殊的用途需要被保存(有关这方面内容可参见本页下面通道模式信息栏的说明)其中(ccccccc)是控制器的号码,(vvvvvvv)是力度的编号代码1100cccc0ppppppp程序变化信息这个信息是在音色号码被改变时发出的,其中(ppppppp)是新的程序号码1101nnnn0ccccccc通道压力信息这个信息是在通道的压力发生变化时发出的,当有一些对力度敏感的键盘不支持上面提到的复音触后(Polyphonic Aftertouch)时,可以通过发送这个信息来发送当前所有被按下的键中力度最大的单个键的力度信息其中(ccccccc)是控制代码1110nnnn0lllllll音调轮变化信息0mmmmmmm这个信息的发送说明音调轮有变化音调轮是由一个14位二进制数衡量描述的,其中值,即音调轮没有变化时的值为2000H(十六进制数),其变化的灵敏度与传递介质有关其中(lllllll)是14位数中的低7位,(mmmmmmm)是其高7位通道模式信息(Channel Mode Message)状态位(D7-D0)数据位(D7-D0)信息含义1011nnnn0ccccccc通道模式信息0vvvvvvv本信息的代码与上面提到控制变化信息的代码相同,但实现模式控制时使用保存的控制器号码不同这些号码是:本地控制(Local Control)在本地控制被关闭时,所有某指定通道的MIDI设备都只对MIDI协议的数据信息有反应,而对演奏数据等信息予以忽略.本地控制打开时,设备恢复正常控制器的功能c=122 v=0:本地控制关闭c=122 v=127:本地控制打开所有音符关闭当一个所有音符关闭信息被接收到时,所有设备的震荡器都被关闭c=123 v=0:所有音符关闭c=124 v=0:omni方式关闭c=125 v=0:omni方式打开c=126 v=M:单模式打开(即复模式关闭)其中M是通道号(omni关闭)或0(omni打开)c=127 v=0:复模式打开(单模式关闭)(注意:以上四个信息同时会导致所有音符关闭)111100000iiiiiii系统专用信息0ddddddd这个信息是为了不使所有MIDI设备都响应而设计的其中(iiiiiii)是MIDI设备生产商代码,当某个设备发现(iiiiiii)与其自身代码相同时,它将接受其余的数据位(ddddddd).否则的话,后面的数据位将被忽略.系统专用信息是用来发送传递例如音色参数(Patch Parameter)和其它一些大量的数据信息的(注意:实时信息单(Only)可能与系统专用信息相交叉)11110001MIDI时间代码转换信息这个信息是把SMPTE在同步的工作中的状态转化为MIDI时间代码(MIDI Time Code)的格式:小时(Hour):分钟(Minute):秒(Second):帧(Frame)有关SMPTE的说明见表尾111100100lllllll乐曲位置指针信息0mmmmmmm这个信息是一个内部十四位寄存器存储了从乐曲开始计数时的MIDI的节拍数(在MIDI协议中,一节拍相当于六个MIDI时钟单位)其中(lllllll)为计数器的低7位,(mmmmmmm)为计数器的高7位111100110sssssss乐曲选择信息该信息指定了以什么序列或哪首乐曲将被演奏11110100未定义11110101未定义11110110音调调整要求信息当模拟合成器收到这个信息时,都要调整它们的震荡器的震荡频率,这个信息是为老式的电子合成器而保存的.因为在老式的合成器的使用时常常发生音调不准,需要此信息对其进行震荡器的微调.而今天的合成器已经不需要它了11110111结束系统专用信息顾名思义,本信息是用来结束系统专用的数据传递的.这个信息只含有一个状态位,不包括数据位系统实时信息（System Real Time Message）状态位(D7-D0)数据位(D7-D0)信息含义11111000时钟信息当有同步要求时，该信息每四分之一音符发送24次（下面有进一步介绍）11111001未定义11111010开始信息开始现有的序列演奏（通常时钟信息紧跟在本信息后面连用）11111011继续信息本信息是命令序列在被停止的地方继续演奏11111100停止信息停止当前序列11111101未定义11111110联系激活信息这条信息的使用是可以选择的。如果使用了该信息，接收器将在每300（最大值）毫秒内准备接收下一个联系激活信息，否则它会自动认为连接已经终止。如果接收器认为连接已经终止后，它将停止所有发音并恢复到正常的工作状态（非联系激活工作状态）11111111复位信息复位信息将系统内所有接收器都恢复到电源打开的初始状态。在一些特殊状态下，它可以不复位到电源打开状态下功能名称中英文对照Note off音符打开信息Note on音符关闭信息Polyphone Key Pressure（Aftertouch）复音键压力信息（触后）Control Change控制变化信息Program Change程序变化信息（乐器切换）Channel Pressure（Aftertouch）通道压力信息（触后）Pitch Wheel Change音调轮变化信息Channel Mode Message通道模式信息System Exclusive系统专用信息Song Position Pointer乐曲位置指针信息Song Select乐曲选择信息Tune Request音调调整要求信息End of Exclusive结束系统专用信息Timing Clock 时钟信息Start开始信息Continue继续信息Stop结束信息Active Sending联系激活信息Reset复位信息MIDI音符代码表编号音符代码所在的音阶音调（二进制码）（十六进制码）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essageStatusData 1Data 2Note Off8nNote NumberVelocityNote On9nNote NumberVelocityPolyphonic AftertouchAnNote NumberPressureControl ChangeBnController NumberDataProgram ChangeCnProgram NumberUnusedChannel AftertouchDnPressureUnusedPitch WheelEnLSB MSBKeyn is the MIDI Channel Number (0-F)LSB is the Least Significant ByteMSB is the Least Significant ByteThere are several different types of controller messages.MIDI DATA Messages - Control MessagesAll values are in HEX format!MessageStatusData 1Data 214 bit controllers MSBBn01 (Modulation Wheel)Data02 (Breath Controller)Data04 (Foot Contoller)Data05 (Portamento Time)Data 06 (Data Entry Slider)Data07 (Main Volume)Data14 bit controllers LSBBn21 (Modulation Wheel)Data22 (Breath Controller)Data24 (Foot Contoller)Data25 (Portamento Time)Data26 (Data Entry Slider)Data27 (Main Volume)Data7 bit controllersBn40 (Sustain Pedal)00-3F (off) 40-FF (on)41 (Portamento)00-3F (off) 40-FF (on)42 (Sostenato pedal)00-3F (off) 40-FF (on)43 (Soft pedal)00-3F (off) 40-FF (on)60 (Data Increment)7F61 (Data Decrement)7F62 (Non-Registered Parameter Number)LSB63 (Non-Registered Parameter Number)MSB64 (Registered Parameter Number)LSB65 (Registered Parameter Number)MSB79 (Reset All Controllers)7FChannel ModesBn7A (Local)00 (off) / 7F (on)7B (All Notes Off)007C (Omni Off)007D (Omni On)007E (Mono)00-0A7F (Poly)00Keyn is the MIDI Channel Number (0-F)LSB is the Least Significant ByteMSB is the Least Significant Byte/tdMIDI音色表钢琴 0Acoustic Grand Piano大钢琴(声学钢琴)1Bright Acoustic Piano明亮的钢琴2Electric Grand Piano电钢琴3Honky-tonk Piano酒吧钢琴4Rhodes Piano柔和的电钢琴5Chorused Piano加合唱效果的电钢琴6Harpsichord羽管键琴(拨弦古钢琴)7Clavichord科拉维科特琴(击弦古钢琴)色彩打击乐 8Celesta钢片琴9Glockenspiel钟琴10Music box八音盒11Vibraphone颤音琴12Marimba马林巴13Xylophone木琴14Tubular Bells管钟15Dulcimer大扬琴风琴 16Hammond Organ击杆风琴17Percussive Organ打击式风琴18Rock Organ摇滚风琴19Church Organ教堂风琴20Reed Organ簧管风琴21Accordian手风琴22Harmonica口琴23Tango Accordian探戈手风琴吉他 24Acoustic Guitar (nylon)尼龙弦吉他25Acoustic Guitar (steel)钢弦吉他26Electric Guitar (jazz)爵士电吉他27Electric Guitar (clean)清音电吉他28Electric Guitar (muted)闷音电吉他29Overdriven Guitar加驱动效果的电吉他30Distortion Guitar加失真效果的电吉他31Guitar Harmonics吉他和音贝司 32Acoustic Bass大贝司(声学贝司)33Electric Bass(finger)电贝司(指弹)34Electric Bass (pick)电贝司(拨片)35Fretless Bass无品贝司36Slap Bass 1掌击Bass 137Slap Bass 2掌击Bass 238Synth Bass 1电子合成Bass 139Synth Bass 2电子合成Bass 2弦乐 40Violin小提琴41Viola中提琴42Cello大提琴43Contrabass低音大提琴44Tremolo Strings弦乐群颤音音色45Pizzicato Strings弦乐群拨弦音色46Orchestral Harp竖琴47Timpani定音鼓合奏/合唱 48String Ensemble 1弦乐合奏音色149String Ensemble 2弦乐合奏音色250Synth Strings 1合成弦乐合奏音色151Synth Strings 2合成弦乐合奏音色252Choir Aahs人声合唱“啊”53Voice Oohs人声“嘟”54Synth Voice合成人声55Orchestra Hit管弦乐敲击齐奏铜管 56Trumpet小号57Trombone长号58Tub