必学2Unit12词汇大解读.docx

必修2 Unit1 Cultural relics【重点单词】 完成句子The old couple 从战争中幸存下来）.His only chance of （生存） was a heart transplant.In the terrible accident, there were no （幸存者）.答案：survived the war survival survivors 2. fancy adj.奇特的，异样的I just want a basic sports coat-nothing fancy.我只要一件简单的运动外衣不带什么特别装饰的。【拓展延伸】vt.想象，设想，爱好。1）fancy sb. as/(to be) 想象是I cant fancy him as(to be) an English teacher. 我无法想象他教英语会是什么样子。2）fancy (sb.) doing 想象某人做（常用祈使句表示惊奇或震惊）。Fancy meeting you here! 想不到在这儿见到你了!3）fancy sth. 想要、做。I fancy a ride. 我很想乘车去兜兜风 【即境活用】 We should fancy him_ our friend. A. to B. as C. for D. in 【答案】B 考查fancy sb. as/(to be)。掌握fancy sb. as/(to be)即可3.design(1)vt 设计；计划；构思 be designed to do 目的是；打算给用 be designed for eg: These exercises are designed to develop and strengthen muscles. These books are mainly designed for the use of beginners.(2) n 设计；图案；图样；式样The work that must be done before building a house is to make a good design.I like the television programme educate not merely entertain. （200912山东青州模块检测）A. designed to B. designed forC. is designed to D. is designed for 导的从句。little “几乎没有”，相当于“no”。 There is some doubt whether he can win first prize.5. worth adj.值得（做某事）; 有（做某事）的价值; n.价值; 用处典例 1). The new car cost a lot of money, but its certainly worth it. 买这辆新汽车花了很多钱, 但确实物有所值。2). The thieves stole 1 million worth of jewellery. 窃贼偷走了价值100万英镑的珠宝。重点用法be worth + n 值得be worth doing sth值得（做某事）; 有（做某事）的价值eg: The cultural relic is worth a lot of money. The book is worth reading.表示“很值得非常值得”时不用very,而且well修饰worth.易混辨析worth/worthy/worthwhile“be worth+n.”结构中，当名词为金钱时，表示“值钱”。be worth doing sth.某事值得被做“be worthy of+n./doing”当名词为抽象名词时，表示 “值得”。be worthy to be done/be worthy of being done 某事值得被做It is worthwhile to do sth. 值得做某事It is worthwhile doing sth. 值得去做某事It is worthwhile for sb. to do/doing sth. 值得某人去做某事The article is worthy of careful study.=The article is worth studying carefully.=The article is worthy of being studied carefully.=The article is worthy to be studied carefully.这篇文章值得仔细学习。高手过招单项填空This book is worthy of twice .（200912江苏南京月考）A. Reading B. read C. having read D. being readHe is well skilled playing the piano, so his music is worth . （200912山东烟台模块检测）A. with; listening B. with; listening to C. in; listening D. in; listening to 解析： 选D。 be worthy 后可以用不定式的被动语态或of being done结构，而worth后用动名词的主动语态表达被动概念。选D。be skilled in也可以用be skilled at后跟名词或动名词表示，意思是“在方面熟练的；在方面有能力的”。worth意思是“值得”,后跟动名词的主动语态表达被动概念。在句中，music作listen to的逻辑宾语，而listen为不及物动词，因此to不可以去掉。6. apartadv.分离地；分别地常用结构：apart from . 除了外， 除了还有take .apart 拆开tell apart 分辨出完成句子 除了很少的几个词以外,我对法语一无所知。 _ _a few words, I do not know any French at all. 我分不出这一对双胞胎谁是谁。I cant the twins . 答案： Apart from tell; apart 【重点短语】1. in search of 寻找 2. belong to 属于；是的成员；是中的一部分Who does this watch belong to? 这块表是谁的？【拓展延伸】1）belong vi.应被放置在，应处在（某处），适合在某处，不与to连用时，后面通常跟副词和其他介词短语I dont really feel I belong here. 我感觉我并不适合在这个地方2）不用于进行时态，被动语态。To 为介词，其后接代词、名词类短语及从句，表示所归属的对象3）belongings n. 财产，所有物；行李She lost all her belongings in the earthquake. 她在地震中失去了所有的财产【即镜活用】As is known to us all, China is a developing country_ the third world.A. belonging B. belonged C. belonging to D. belonged to【解析】C 考查belong to 的用法。belong to 此处作定语，无被动和进行，必须和to连用构成及物3. in return 回报；作为报酬；作为报答in return for sth. 作为的交换/回报in turn 轮流地，依次；相应地，转而by turns 轮流地，时而时而What can we do for them in return for all the help they have given us?我们能做些什么来报答他们所给予我们的种种帮助呢?汉译英：我希望我能做些什么来报答你。_ .I wish I could do something for you in return.4. think highly of 看重；器重 【重点句型】1. Frederick William I，the King Of Prussia，could never have imagined that his Greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history普鲁士国王胖特烈威廉一世怎么也不会想到他送给俄罗斯人的厚礼会有这样一段令人吃惊的历史。can/could have done 表示对过去发生的行为进行推测，常译为“可能”、“会”。一般用于否定句和疑问句。He cant/couldnt have done it because he was an honest man.他不可能做这件事，因为他是个诚实的人Can/Could the work have been finished on time?这项工作能按时完成吗？【点拨】could have done还可用来表示责备或批评，常译作“本来可以”、“本来能”等。You could have been more considerate.你本来可以更慎重些。【拓展延伸】 must have done 常用于肯定句，意为“一定”、“肯定是”。may/might have done 意思是“可能”、“也许”常用于否定句和肯定句中。 should have done 本该- neednt have done 本来不需要- would have done 本来会-It must have been very late when he left the office.他离开办公室时，一定很晚了。He may/might have heard it from Mary.他可能从玛丽那里听说了此事。【即境活用】-Did you visit the Big Ben in London?-No, we_it, but we spent too much time shopping.A. could visit B. could have visited C. must have visited D. can have visited【解析】B 考查情态动词表猜测。could have done表示“原本能够完成但事实并非如此”2. I dont agree that they should return the treasure to Russia if they find it. Nor do I think they should give it to any government. nor/neither +连系动词/情态动词/助动词+主语，表示另一个与前面所述的否定概念相同。意为“也一样不，也不” My sister cant swim, nor /neither can her husband. I havent seen the film, nor /neither has Mary.（1）“so+连系动词/情态动词/助动词+（与前面不同的）主语”表示前句中的肯定情况也适用于别是人物。表示“也是这样，也是如此”She can speak French and so can her husband.Unit 1根据句意填入单词或短语的正确形式1. Few buildings s the earthquake.2. He was in s of an old friend.3. She was a at how calm she felt after the accident.4. The experiment is d to test the new drug.5. Dont f that you can succeed without hard work.6. We d the house with some pictures.7. I dont know to which team he b .8. He bought her a gold watch for her help. （作为报答9. He r the mud from his shoes.10. The whole house went up in smoke in an hour. （不到）11. Your life is in danger. There is no d about it.12. This necklace is w 1,000 US dollars13. The boy the watch to see how it ran. （拆开）14. His boss him though he himself didnt think he had done anything special. （非常器重）15. the two countries have been for many years. People there are suffering a lot. （交战）16. They had planned to blow up the bridge but their bombs failed to e _. 17. She was Titanic, a ship which was said never to s_. Unit 1 单项选择1.- She looks very happy. She _ have passed the exam.- I guess so. Its not difficult after all.A. should B. could C. must D. might2. He hasnt slept at all for three days. _ he is tired out. A. There is no point B. There is no need C. It is no wonder D. It is no way3. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found. A. which B. what C. that D. whether4. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which5. Do you know whom this bird _ ? A. belong to B. belongs to C. is belonged to D. is belonging to6. Only a few soldiers _ the battle. A. survived B. remained C. survived in D. remained in7. - There were five people in the car but they still took me. - It _ a comfortable journey. A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been8. Hes given me so much help that I really want to do something for him _. A. in returns B. by turns C. in return D. in answerunit 2 The Olympic GamesWords and expressions1. ancient adj. (1) 古代的 in ancient times (2) 古老的 We were deeply attracted by the ancient building. ancient (古代的） modern ( 现代的) contemporary ( 当代的）2. compete Vi拓展：competitor n. 竞争对手 competition n. 竞争，角逐 competitive adj. 竞争的 搭配：(1) compete with / against sb for sth 因而与某人竞争 (2) compete in sth 参加比赛/ 竞赛 (3) in competition with . 与竞争eg: 1) I think you should compete for the monitor.2) Will you compete with Tom in the swimming race?例1 : We really tried our best but we couldnt _the weather. A . compete B. compete in C. compete against D. compete about3. take part in eg: Mr. Black took part in our conversation.辨析 ： take part in, join in, join , attend (1) take part in : 指参加会议或群众性活动等，重在说明主语参加该项活动并在其中发挥一定的作用。 （2）join in : 指参加正在进行的活动，如参加竞赛、娱乐、谈话等。 （3）join : 通常指参加某组织或团体，并成为其中的一员。 （4）attend : 正式用语，指参加会议或婚礼、葬礼、典礼或上课、上学、听报告等，强调的是这一动作本身，而不是强调参加者在活动中所起的作用。eg ：1）They are playing basketball. Lets join in them. 2) Do you know how many people joined the organization? 3) They will attend an important meeting tomorrow.4. stand for 代表，表示；主张，拥护；容忍，忍受eg: The olive branch stands for peace. Before we vote for him, we want to know what he stands for. The school wont stand for such behavior.拓展：（1）stand by 和站在一起；袖手旁观 ；支持eg: Ill always stand by you through thick and thin.(2) stand out 突出，显眼，引人注目eg: His red hair made him stand out in the crowd.5. basis C pl. bases 单 sis / sis/ 复 ses / si:z / crisis crises 危机 analysis analyses nlsi:z 分析basic adj. 基础的，根本的 eg：1) The basis of a good marriage is trust.2) We judge a worker on the basis of his performance.辨析：basis & base (1) basis: 用来指非物质方面的基础。the economic basis 经济基础 （抽象）(2) base: 主要用于指物质方面的基础。the base of a building. 建筑物的基础 （具体）6. admit v. (1) 允许（人/ 物）进入；让进入 搭配： admit sb to/ into 允许某人进入；吸收某人为的成员 be admitted to/into 被允许进入 be admitted as 作为被接受（后接表示成员的名词） eg: 1) The servant opened the door and admitted me into the house.2) Only one hundred boys are admitted to the school every year.3) He was admitted as a member of the Party last month.(2) 承认，供认搭配： admit sth / doing sth admit that - clause admit sb / sth to be + adj./ n.eg: 1) He admitted his guilty. 2) Will you admit having broken the window? 3) He admitted that he had stolen the money. 4) We all admit her to be smart.5) They freely admit that they still have a lot to learn.（3）容纳The hall admits 3,500 people7. as well eg: I can swim as well. 辨析： as well, also, too, either(1) as well : 用于肯定句，只用于句尾。 He plays the piano as well.(2) also: 用于肯定句，用在句中。He also plays the piano.(3) too: 用于肯定句，用在句尾，一般用逗号与其他部分分开。 He plays the piano, too.(4) either: 用于否定句中。He doesnt play the piano either.拓展： as well as 如同一样好；既又；不但而且 （1） 连接两个主语时，其谓语动词的形式应根据前一个主语确定。此外，还有together with , along with, besides, but, except, including, rather than 等也属此种情况。（2） 不能用“ A，B as well as C 结构，但可用 A as well as B and C or A and B as well as C 结构。eg: 1) The teacher as well as some students was interested in the question. = Not only some students but also the teacher was interested in the question. 2) I play tennis as well as he .(同级比较) 3) She sings as well as playing the piano. （后接动词一般用动名词形式） 4) He speaks Spanish and English as well as French.8. host (1) Vt. 做东，主办，招待 eg: 1) He is willing to host the visitors. 2) London will host the 30th Olympic Games in 2012. （2）n. 主人 eg: 1) He acted as host to his fathers friends. 2) China is the host country of the 29th Olympic Games.辨析：host 与 guest 相对应。hostess 女主人 master（主人）与 servant（仆人）9. responsibility n. responsible adj. eg: 1) Its my responsibility to take good care of you. 2) She feels a strong sense of responsibility towards her employees.10. replace v. replacement 替换，更换U ； 替换品，替换物C 搭配：(1) replace sth / sb (2) replace sth / sb with / by eg: 1) We can replace sugar by honey. 2) Can anything replace a mothers love? 3) If he cant manage hell have to be replaced. 4) He replaced the book on the shelf. (把放回原处） 拓展： take the place of sb/ sth = replace sb / sth take ones place = take ones seat 就坐，就位 in place of 替代 instead of 代替，而不是 11. chargev (1)收费，要价 What did they charge for the repairs?v (2)指控，控告 charge sb (with sth/with doing sth) Several people were arrested but nobody was charged. The driver was charged with speeding. 司机被控超速驾车v (3)充电The battery needs to be charged.n 管理，负责；费用，价钱短语：in charge 主管，看管 free of charge 免费eg: The monitor will be in charge when the headteacher is away.辨析： in charge of : “负责，主管”，表示主动 in the charge of : “由管理”，表示被动。eg: 1) He was left in charge of the shop while the manager was away.2）Class one is in the charge of Miss Li.12. fine Vt. 罚款 eg: The court fined him $200 for dangerous driving. n. 罚款 eg: Have you handed in your fine? adj. (指行为、建议、决定）可接受的；满意的。 Ill leave this here, OK? - Fine.13.advertise v. advertisement ;广告 advertiser n. 登广告者 advertising n. 广告，广告业 搭配：(1) advertise sth 登广告宣传某事物 （2）advertise for sb / sth 为征求 登广告 eg: 1) They advertise their new product on TV. 2) The company advertised goods for sale.14. bargain v. bargain with sb over / about / for sth 就与某人讨价还价 eg: He was bargaining with the shop owner over the price. n. make a bargain with sb about sth 与某人就达成协议 eg: 1）The car was a bargain at that price . ( 便宜货） 2）He made a bargain with me about the contract.15.one after another 一个接一个地 （ 强调连续性） one by one 一个一个地 （强调一次一个） eg: 1）The students came one after another. 2) Write down your ideas one by one .16. deserve v. 应受(报答或处罚)；值得 搭配：(1) deserve sth (2) deserve doing = deserve to be done值得/应（3）deserve to do sth 应该做某事 eg: 1) You deserve a rest after all that hard work. 2) They deserved rewarding. = They deserved to be rewarded. 3) They didnt deserve to win.17.marry vt &vi 结婚，嫁，娶。（1）作及物动词时，常用于以下结构：marry sb 和be/get married （to sb） 意为“（与某人）结婚”eg: He is going to marry Alice.他要和艾斯结婚。 Have you got married?(若问某人是否己结婚，而不涉及结婚对象，用be/get married的形式，相当于系表结构。)如：Are you married?marry sb to sb 把某人嫁给某人eg: He married both his two daughters to rich businessmen. (2) 作不及物动词时，可以与副词连用。The doctor married late in life.marry 是非延续性动词，不可以与时间段连用。be married 表示己婚状态，可与时间段连用。 get married 强调动作。Mary and Paul have been married for three years.Reading and comprehending1. interview vt.& n. interviewer n. 面试者；采访者 interviewee n.被面试者 ；被采访者v. 会见，接见，采访 eg: 1) A TV reporter interviewed the headmaster about the school education. n. 面试，会见，采访eg: 1）Dont be late for your interview, or you wont get the job.2. (1) on a journey 进行旅行 ，常与go, start, come, be 等搭配使用。 eg: Are you going on a journey tomorrow? (2) find out about “弄清有关的情况” eg: The police are trying hard to find out about the accident.3. I lived in what you call Ancient Greece and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago. 【句法分析】本句是由and 连接的并列句，在第一个分句中what 引导的从句作介词in 的宾语。what 的用法 （1） what 引导宾语从句，并在从句中作call 的宾语，“Ancient Geeece 作宾补。What 相当于the place that, 因此what 不能改为that, 也不能改为where, 因为where 只能作状语。 eg: After a long journey, they came to what was called Gebi Desert. （2） what 也可相当于all that, everything that等，并且what 还可引导主语从句、表语从句等。 eg: 1) What he didnt understand was that no one believed him. 2) He is no longer what he used to be. 【注】 that 引导名词性从句时不在从句中作成分，而且that 从句一般不作介词的宾语。 eg: 1) He made it clear that he didnt agree with us. 2) I didnt know that you lived here.4.would like 愿意；想要。后接名词或不定式，也可以接sb to do 结构 She would like a cup of tea. Id like to him to post the letter. would like 后面不能接that 从句。 would like 后接名词，不定式作宾语； feel like想要，后接名词或动名词作宾语5. every four years 每四年，每隔三年 “every +基数词+复数名词”或“every+序数词+单数名词”表示“每（隔）” eg: every four days = every fourth day 每四天，每隔三天 every other day / line 每隔一天/ 行 “every other+单数名词” every few days 每几天 every three days /every third day 每三天/每隔二天 【注】every 表示“每隔.的”，其后不可接 a few, some , many, several 等词。6.honour n. & vt. (1) C 光荣的人或事 eg: 1）He is an honour to our school. 2）Its a great honour to be given the prize. (2) U 荣誉；信誉；名誉 eg: We fight for the honour of our country. (3) vt. 搭配： honour sb with sth 用某事来向某人表达敬意 be / feel honoured to do sth (做某事）感到荣幸 eg: 1)I feel highly honoured by your trust. 2)He was honored with the Nobel Prize. 拓展：（1）Its a great honour to . .十分荣幸 （2）May I have the honour of sth /doing sth ? 可以赏光.吗？ （3）show honour to sb 向某人表示敬意；尊敬某人 （4）for the honour of 为了.的荣誉 （5）in honour of sb / sth = in sbs / sths honour 为了向.表示敬意；为了纪念. eg: 1) May I have the honour of this dance? 2) We held a grand ceremony in honour of those killed in battle.7. not only but(also)不仅而且,是连词词组，常连接两个相同的句子成分。1）连接主语（谓语动词的单复数采取就近原则）Not only I but also he is a teacher.2)连接谓语动词My sister can not only dance but also sing.3)连接宾语I saw not only Jane, but also John.4)连接状语We study English not only in class but also after school.5)连接表语She is not only my teacher but also my friend.她不仅是我的老师，而且也是我的朋友。 not only but(also)连接两个分句，当not only放在句首时其所引出的分句要部分倒装，而but also后的分句不变。Not only is the teacher himself interested in foreign films, but also all his students are beginning to show an interest in them.8. Theres as much competition amon