[宝典]数学专业词汇词典.pdf

a priori distribution a priori probability a summable a abacus abbreviate abbreviation abel equation abel identity abel inequality abel summation method abelian algebra abelian differential abelian equation abelian extension abelian function abelian function field abelian functor abelian group abelian groupoid abelian integral abelian summation abelian theorem abelian variety abridge abridged notation abscissa abscissa of absolute convergence abscissa of summability abscissa of uniform convergence absolute absolute address absolute class field absolute coding absolute cohomology absolute conic absolute convergence absolute curvature vector absolute deviation absolute differential calculus absolute error absolute extremes absolute extremum absolute frequency absolute geometry absolute homology group absolute homotopy group absolute inequality absolute instability absolute maximum absolute minimum absolute moment absolute neighborhood absolute neighborhood retract absolute norm absolute number absolute parallelism absolute quadric absolute ramification index absolute rotation absolute singular homology group absolute space absolute space time absolute stability absolute term absolute unit absolute value absolute value sign absolute velocity absolutely additive measure absolutely compact set absolutely complete system absolutely continuous absolutely continuous distribution absolutely continuous function absolutely continuous measure absolutely continuous part absolutely continuous transformation absolutely convergent absolutely convergent integral absolutely convergent series absolutely convex hull absolutely discontinuous function absolutely integrable absolutely irreducible character absolutely irreducible representation absolutely irreducible variety absolutely normal number absolutely prime ideal absolutely semisimple algebra absolutely simple group absolutely summable sequence absolutely unbiased estimator absolutely unramified extension absorbing barrier absorbing medium absorbing set absorbing state absorption absorption coefficient absorption curve absorption factor absorption index absorption law absorption probability abstract abstract algebra abstract algebraic geometry abstract automaton abstract category abstract code abstract complex abstract group abstract interval function abstract mathematics abstract number abstract ordered simplicial complex abstract simplex abstract simplicial subcomplex abstract space abstraction adjoint vector adjunct adjunction adjunction of an identity element adjustable point adjustment admissibility limit admissible admissible category admissible chart admissible control admissible decision function admissible decision rule admissible deformation admissible domain admissible function admissible homomorphism admissible hypothesis admissible lifting admissible map admissible sequence admissible space admissible strategy admissible subgroup admissible test admissible value affine algebraic set affine collineation affine connection affine coordinates affine curvature affine differential geometry affine distance affine figure affine function affine geometry affine group affine group scheme affine isothermal net affine length affine line affine normal affine parameter affine principal curvature affine rational transformation affine space affine sphere affine surface affine transformation affine variety affinely connected manifold affinely connected space affinity affirmation affirmative proposition affix after effect aggregate aggregation agreement air coordinates airy function airy integral aitken interpolation aitken interpolation formula albanese variety aleph aleph zero alexander cohomology module alexander cohomology theory alexander matrix alexander polynomial algebra algebra of events algebra of logic algebra of tensors algebra over kk algebraic algebraic adjunction algebraic affine variety algebraic algebra algebraic branch point algebraic calculus algebraic closure algebraic closure operator algebraic complement algebraic cone algebraic correspondence algebraic curve algebraic equation algebraic expression algebraic extension algebraic form algebraic fraction algebraic function algebraic function field algebraic geometry algebraic group algebraic hull algebraic hypersurface of the seconed order algebraic integer algebraic irrational number algebraic lie algebra algebraic logic of pocket calculator algebraic multiplicity algebraic number algebraic number field algebraic number theory algebraic operation algebraic polynomial algebraic singularity algebraic space algebraic spiral algebraic structure algebraic sum algebraic surface algebraic system algebraic variety algebraically closed field algebraically dependent elements algebraically equivalent algebraically independent elements algebraization algebro geometric algebroid function algebroidal function algorithm algorithm of division algorithm of euclid algorithm theory algorithmic language algorithmization aligned systematic sampling alignment chart aliquot part alligation allocation problem allowable allowable defects allowable error allowance almost all almost bounded function almost certain convergence almost complex manifold almost convergent sequence almost equivalent almost everywhere almost impossible event almost invariant set almost periodic function almost periodicity almost significant alpha capacity alpha limit set alphabetical alphanumeric alphanumeric representation of information alternate angles alternating chain alternating differential form alternating differential of differential form alternating direction method alternating form alternating function alternating group alternating harmonic series alternating knot alternating matrix alternating method alternating product alternating sequence alternating series alternating series test alternating sum alternating tensor alternating tensor density alternating tree alternation alternative alternative algebra alternative field alternative hypothesis alternative normal form alternative proposition altitude altitude theorem amalgamated product amalgamated subcategory amalgamation ambient space ambiguous point amicable numbers amount amphicheiral knot ample divisor amplitude amplitude of a complex number analog computer analogous analogue display analogue method analogy analysis analysis of time series analysis of variance analytic analytic arc analytic completion analytic continuation analytic curve analytic dynamics analytic expression analytic function analytic function of several variables analytic geometry analytic index analytic manifold analytic method analytic prime number theory analytic proof analytic proposition analytic set analytic space analytic transformation analytical differential analytical geometry analytical hierarchy analytical mapping analytical transformation analytically continuable analytically independent analytically irreducible variety analytically representable function anastigmatic anchor ring ancillary statistic and circuit andre permutation andre polynomial anger function angle angle at center angle between chord and tangent angle function angle of angle of advance angle of attack angle of contact angle of contingence angle of declination angle of diffraction angle of incidence angle of inclination angle of intersection angle of lead angle of reflection angle of refraction angle of rotation angle of torsion angle preserving angular coordinates angular correlation angular derivative angular dispersion angular displacement angular distance angular distribution angular domain angular excess angular frequency angular magnification angular measure angular metric angular momentum angular momentum conservation law angular motion angular neighborhood angular transformation angular unit angular velocity anharmonic oscillation anharmonic ratio anisotropic anisotropic body anisotropy annihilator annular annulator annulus anomalous magnetic moment anomalous propagation anomalous scattering anomaly antecedent anti automorphism anti hermitian form anti isomorphic lattice anti isomorphism anti position anti reflexiveness anti semiinvariant antianalytic function antichain anticlockwise anticlockwise revolution anticlockwise rotation anticoincidence anticoincidence method anticommutation anticommutative anticommutativity anticommutator antiderivative antiholomorphic antihomomorphism antiisomorphy antilinear antilinear mapping antilinear transformation antilogarithm antimode antimodule antinode antinomy antiorder homomorphism operator antiordered set antiparallel antiplane antipodal map antipodal point antipodal set antipode antipoints antiradical antiresonance antisymmetric antisymmetric function antisymmetric matrix antisymmetric relation antisymmetric tensor antisymmetrical state antithesis antitone mapping antitone sequence antitonic function antitonicity antitony antitrigonometric function antiunitary aperiodic damping aperiodic motion aperiodicity aperture ratio apex apex angle apical angle apolar apolarity apothem apparent error apparent force apparent motion apparent orbit apparent singularity application applied mathematics applied mechanics approach approach infinity approximability approximable approximate approximate calculation approximate construction approximate continuity approximate derivative approximate differentiability approximate differential approximate formula approximate integration approximate limit approximate lower semi continuity approximate method approximate number approximate partial derivative approximate partial derived function approximate partial differential approximate solution approximate total differentiability approximate total differential approximate upper semi continuity approximate value approximate value in excess approximately equal approximately semicontinuous approximation associated system associated undirected graph association associative algebra associative law associative law for series associativity assume assumption assumption formula asterisk asteroid asymmetric asymmetric relation asymmetric variety asymmetrical asymmetrical graph asymmetry asymptote asymptote of curve asymptotic asymptotic behavior asymptotic circle asymptotic cone asymptotic convergence asymptotic curvature asymptotic curve asymptotic density asymptotic direction asymptotic efficiency asymptotic expansion asymptotic formula asymptotic line asymptotic mean value asymptotic minimal basis asymptotic order asymptotic path asymptotic plane asymptotic point asymptotic rate of convergence asymptotic series asymptotic solution asymptotic stability asymptotic surface asymptotic unbiased estimator asymptotic value asymptotically efficient estimator asymptotically equal asymptotically equal sequence asymptotically equivalent function asymptotically normal distribution asymptotically normally distributed asymptotically stable asymptotically stable solution asynchronous computer atiyah singer index theorem atlas atom atomic element atomic formula atomic lattice atomic proposition atomicity attaching map attenuation attenuation constant attenuation factor attenuator attraction attractive force attractor attribute augend augmentation augmentation preserving map augmented complex augmented matrix austausch autocorrelation autocorrelation coefficient autocorrelation function autocorrelogram autocovariance autocovariance function autodistributivity automata automatic check automatic coding automatic computation automatic computer automatic control automatic control system automatic control theory automatic programming automatic testing automation automaton automaton graph automorphic form automorphic function automorphism automorphism group autonomous system autoparallel curve autoregression autoregression equation autoregressive process autoregressive transformation auxiliary auxiliary angle auxiliary circle auxiliary equation auxiliary function auxiliary line auxiliary variable average average deviation average error average life average outgoing quality average outgoing quality limit average quality protection average sample number average speed average term average time average value averaging averaging method averaging operator axes of coordinates axial axial symmetry axial vector axially symmetric flow axialsymmetric vector field axiom axiom of accessibility axiom of addition axiom of choice axiom of completeness axiom of comprehension axiom of constructibility axiom of constructivity axiom of continuity axiom of extensionality axiom of infinity axiom of power set axiom of reducibility axiom of regularity axiom of subsets axiom of substitution axiom of sum set axiom of the empty set axiom of union axiom scheme axiomatic axiomatic method axiomatic set theory axiomatic system axiomatics axiomatization axiomatize axioms of congruence axioms of continuity axioms of denumerability axioms of incidence axioms of order axis axis of a cone axis of abscissas axis of absolute convergence axis of affinity axis of convergence axis of coordinate axis of curvature axis of ordinates axis of projection axis of reals axis of revolution axis of rotation axis of symmetry axisymmetric axonometric perspective axonometric projection axonometry azimuth azimuthal b measurability b b measurable function babylonian numerals back substitution backward difference backward difference operator backward difference quotient backward solution baire function baire measure baire set baire space baire theorem balance balanced category balanced functor balanced hypergraph balanced neighborhood balanced sample balanced set balancing method balayage ball ballistic curve banach algebra banach lie group banach space band band chart band matrix bar construction bar diagram bar graph barrel barrel shape barrelled space barrier barycenter barycenter of a simplex barycentric barycentric complex barycentric coordinates barycentric mapping barycentric subdivision base base angle base line base number base of logarithms base point base register base space base vector basic basic block basic field basic form basic point basic representation basic ring basic solution basic symbol basic variable basis basis for cohomology basis for homology basis of linear space basis of vector space basis replacement procedure basis theorem of hilbert basis vector batch processing bayes decision function bayes formula bayes postulate bayes solution behavior behavior strategy bellman principle beltrami equation bending point bergman metric bernoulli equation bernoulli inequality bernoulli method bernoulli number bernoulli polynomial bernoulli trials bernoullian polynomial bernstein inequality bernstein polynomial bertrand curves bertrand paradox bessel equation bessel function bessel function of the second kind bessel function of the third kind bessel inequality bessel integral best approximation best estimator best test best uniform approximation beta distribution beta function betti group betti number between group variance biadditive biangular bias biased estimator biased sample biased statistics biased test biaxial biaxial spherical harmonic function bicartesian square bicharacteristic bicompact bicompact set bicompact space bicompact transformation group bicompactification bicomplex bicomplex function biconcave biconditional biconnected space bicontinuous function bicontinuously differentiable bicylinder bidimensional bidimensionality bidual banach space bifunctor bifurcation point bifurcation theory bigraded group bigraded module biharmonic biharmonic equation biharmonic function biholomorphic biholomorphic function biholomorphic mapping bihomomorphism bijection bijective mapping bijectivity bilateral bilateral derivative bilateral laplace transform bilaterally bounded sequence bilinear bilinear form bilinear functional bilinear integral form bilinear mapping bilinear programming bilinear relation bilinear system bilinear transformation bilinearity bimatrix game bimodal distribution bimodule binary binary arithmetic binary code binary coded decimal notation binary coded decimal system binary coding binary digit binary digital computer binary element binary number binary number system binary operation binary point binary relation binary system binary translation bind binomial binomial coefficient binomial differential binomial differential equation binomial distribution binomial equation binomial expansion binomial integral binomial probability paper binomial series binomial surd binomial test binomial theorem binormal binormal space binormal vector biodemography biomathematic biomathematics biomechanics biometrics biometrika biophysics biorthogonal system biorthonormal expansion biorthonormalization bipartite cubic bipartite graph bipolar branch curve branch cut branch divisor branch instruction branch line branch of a curve branch of function branch point branching branching process brauer group breadth break point break point instruction breaking stress bridge briggs logarithm briggsian logarithm broken diagonal broken line broken number brouwer fixed point theorem brownian motion brownian movement bruhat decomposition buckling budget buffer bundle bundle map bundle of coefficients bundle of lines bundle of p vectors bundle of planes bundle of rays bundle of spheres bundle space bundle structure theorem bus byte c function c c manifold c c mapping c ca set calculability calculable mapping calculable relation calculate calculating automaton calculating circuit calculating element calculating machine calculating punch calculating register calculating unit calculation calculation of areas calculator calculus calculus of approximations calculus of classes calculus of errors calculus of finite differences calculus of probability calculus of residues calculus of variations calibration canal canal surface cancel cancellation cancellation law cancellation property cancelling of significant figures canonical basis canonical coordinates canon