新视野第2版第2册UNIT 1教案.doc

teaching plan for unit 1course：college englishinstructormoduleunit 1 a time-conscious americans b culture shocktime180mteaching aidsmulti-mediateaching objectives1. to help the students have a good understanding of the passages in this unit；2. to help the students grasp the usages of some important words, phrases and expressions in the unit；3. to enable the students to analyze the structure of text a and summarize paragraph meaning of text b4. to introduce the basic reading skills of this unit: reading for the main idea in a paragraph5. to help the students master how to develop a paragraph a general statement supported by specific details.chief points & difficult points1. get the main idea of the passage.2. master some useful expressions & sentence structure in the passage.3. understand the structure of the text.prerequisitesbefore coming for class, students should 1. identify some important words for the topic.2. scan the text for main ideas.3. visit library to research about information concerning the unit.teaching methodsthe mixture of listening, speaking, reading, practicing and writingreference booksteachers book of new horizon college english longman dictionary of contemporary english (english-chinese) oxford advanced learners english-chinese dictionarylongman dictionary of american englishteaching contentstime allotment 0bsection a i. warm-up activity1. topic discussion i. students discussionii. teachers summary2. questions on the topic and the passageii. background informationiii. text structure analysisiv. structured writingv. detailed study of the text i. words and phrases studyii. language points vi. text summary1. students presentation2. teachers summaryviiafter-text a exercisessection bi. reading skillii. warm-up activity 1. topic discussion2. questions on the topic and the passageiii. text structure analysisiv. text study 1. paragraph meaning2. words and phrases study3. language points4. summary or main idea of the passagei. students presentationii. teachers summaryv. new words dictation vi. after-text b exercisesviisupplementary exercises15m5m10m 5m50m5m30m5m10m5m20m5m15massignments1. hand in the exercise of translation.2. finish the other after-text a & b exercises after class.3. supplementary exercisesi. english-chinese translation （5 sentences）ii. chinese-english translation （10 sentences）4. preview unit 2unit 1 section a time-conscious americans i. warm-up activity1 topic discussionistudents discussion1) what precious resources do americans value? time and labour.2) what is considered to be a waste of time in the us? short conversations or small exchanges with strangers.3) how do americans save time? doing things quickly, avoiding short exchanges, inventing time-saving devicesii. teachers summaryamericans are particularly concerned about time. they clearly realize that life is short and consider time a precious resource. visitors may find that americans are always in a rush and under great pressure in daily life. they dont usually exchange smiles or brief conversations because they resent wasting time. americans generally assess and inquire about others professionally rather than socially, so they start talking business directly without opening exchanges. in order to save time, americans use quite a few labor-saving devices like telephones, faxes, or emails. electronic communication is becoming more and more popular, while most personal visiting, which though pleasant, takes longer, is saved for after-work hours or for social weekend gatherings. in the us, unlike in some other countries, quickly solving a problem or fulfilling a job successfully is a sign of skillfulness or being competent. 2. questions on the topic and the passage1) what attitude results in a nation of people committed to researching, experimenting and exploring? the attitude is that if one is not moving ahead, he is falling behind.2) how is time treated in america? and why? time is treated as if it were something almost real. people budget it, save it, steal it, kill it, cut it, account for it; they also charge for it. they do this because time is a precious resource.3) what is likely to be a foreigners first impression of the us? and how does the writer describe city people?everyone is in a rush- often under pressure. city people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going, restlessly seeking attention in a store, or elbowing others as they try to complete their shopping.4) what is the writers advice if you “miss smiles, brief conversations, small exchanges with strangers”? and why? dont take it personally. this is because people value time highly, and they resent someone else “wasting” it beyond a certain appropriate point.5) what will new arrivals in america miss about business calls? new arrivals in american will miss opening exchanges, the ritual interaction that goes with a cup of coffee or tea and leisurely chats.6) what examples does the writer give to show that americans work hard at the task of saving time? americans produce a steady flow of labor-saving devices. they communicate rapidly through faxes, phone calls, or emails rather than through personal contacts.ii. background information 1. cultural conflicts: each nation has its own conventions. different nations have different cultures. when two cultures clash, problems in communication may occur. which side should compromise when there are cultural conflicts? in fact, knowing and understanding the others culture is the responsibility of both sides, and both sides should be willing to compromise. educating, rather than complaining and blaming, is the best solution to cultural conflicts.2. hourglass: a glass container holding fine sand for measuring time, which is narrow in the middle like a figure 8 so that the sand inside can run slowly from the top half to the bottom taking exactly one hour.沙漏：一种装上细沙以用来测量时间的玻璃容器，其颈部细小，形状象一个8字，使得上半部的沙子能缓慢地流到下半部中，其时间正好是一个小时。3. proverbs of timeread the following proverbs. 1. time works wonders.时间创造奇迹。2. time tries truth.时间检验真理。3. time is the best healer. 时间是治愈创伤的良药。4. time and tide wait for no man.时间不等人。（时不我待。）5. all time is no time when it is past.机不可失，时不再来。6.an inch of time cannot be bought by an inch of gold. 寸金难买寸光阴。iii. text structure analysisthe essay centers on the topic how american culture is different from other cultures in their treatment of time. it is an expository writing in that the writer tells us how americans treat time as if it were something almost real and what the cultural difference is. the essay can be roughly divided into three parts.this is a piece of exposition. the writer begins the essay with an introduction， which tells us what integrity means. then the writer puts forward the problem that integrity is in short supply today and getting scarcer. this naturally leads to the question of how to test whether one has the value of integrity or not. three principles with examples or with explanations are presented one by one. thus the essay leads to its conclusion about integrity. from this analysis it can be seen that the writer uses the writing technique called a general statement followed and supported by examples. besides, the writer also uses different writing skills such as exemplification, figuration and quotation. all these techniques make the essay convincing and vivid.the passage can be roughly divided into 3 parts. part one (paras. 1-2)it tells us that americans treasure two elements: time and labor and their reasons. paragraph 1 tells us that americans treasure two elements: time and labor. paragraph 2 drops the topic of labor and starts to focus on the topic of time: time is a precious resource. many people have a rather acute sense of the shortness of each lifetime. once the sands have run out of a persons hourglass, they cannot be replaced. every minute counts. part two (paras. 3-7)it mainly tells us how americans treat time. paragraph3 is about americans daily life which shows how every american does things in a rush under the pressure of time. the reason is that people value time highly, and they resent someone else wasting it beyond a certain appropriate point. paragraph 4 is about one important aspect of american life: doing business. americans prefer to start talking business very quickly and assess their business partners professionally rather than socially. to americans, time is always ticking away in their ears. paragraphs 5 to 7 are about how americans save their time through labor-saving and time-saving devices. they use faxes, phone calls or emails to do all kinds of things, including settling national or international problems. to americans, the impersonality of electronic communication has little or no relation to the significance of the matter at hand.part three (para. 8) it brings out the cultural difference between america and other nations. people from other cultures might think that it is impolite to work too quickly and that tasks are given added weight by the passage of time while americans believe that it is a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem, or fulfill a job successfully, with speed. the purpose of putting more capital, energy, and attention into some important tasks does not mean to spend more time but to get the tasks moving with the shortest possible time.iv. structured writinga paragraph of a general statement supported by specific detailsin the passage, the writer presents his statements first and goes on to support his statements with specific details. then the writer briefly tells us the reason. take paragraphs 3 for an example. in paragraph 3 we have the general statement: everyone is in a rush， more often under pressure. to support the statement, the writer tries to bring out details from different aspects to prove how everyone is in a rush: shopping in a rush, taking meals in a rush, driving in a rush, no brief exchanges with strangers, etc.(turn to p. 15 and do exercise xiii. now fill in the same kind of chart for paragraph 7, identifying a general principle and the details to support it.)v. detailed study of the textwords & phrases study1budget v.plan carefully how much of sth. will be needed（为.）作出安排she has learned how to budget her time carefully. 她已学会了怎么精心安排自己的时间。the government has budgeted 10 million dollars for education spending. 政府在预算中拨款一千万美元作为教育经费。vi. plan the spending of money carefully 制定预算 as a student, you have to learn how to budget. 作为学生，你得学会如何制定开支计划。n. c the amount of money a person or organization has to spend on sth. 预算it is important to balance ones budget. 使收支平衡十分重要。they are preparing the companys advertising budget for 2007. 他们正在制定公司2007年的广告预算。扩展 budget for 为 编制预算；为 作安排on a budget 精打细算的， 花钱不多2. charge v. ask sb. for an amount of money for a service 向.收费，要价we do not charge for delivery. 我们免费送货上门。the doctor charged us 400 dollars for a five-minute examination. 医生做一次5分钟的检查要了我们400美元。3. acute a.1). quick to notice sth. 敏感的；敏锐的 dogs have an acute sense of smell. 狗有灵敏的嗅觉。the critical professional requires unusually acute observation. 评论家需要非常敏锐的观察力。2). very serious or severe 严重的the president suffered acute embarrassment from this news. 这一新闻使总统十分难堪。he felt acute pain on his back. 他感到背部很疼。扩展acute，sensitive，sensible前两词均有“敏感的”之意，区别在于：acute着重指人具有观察、发现事物细微差别的能力。sensitive着重指人感受细微感情、感觉的能力。而sensible则指“明智的；有感觉的”。反义词：dull迟钝的；shallow肤浅的；slight轻微的4. hourglass n. c（计时用的）沙漏the use of the hourglass dates back to almost two thousand years ago in china. 沙漏的使用在中国可追溯到差不多2千年前。5. restless a.unable to keep still because one is nervous, bored, or impatient 烦躁的；不安静的after one month in the job, he felt restless and decided to leave. 这工作他干了一个月就感到厌倦，于是决定不干了。the children grew restless with the long wait. 等的时间一长，孩子们就逐渐躁动不安起来。6.restlessly ad. in a restless manner; impatiently 烦躁地；不安静地she walked back and forth restlessly in her room. 她焦躁不安地在房间里走来走去。he moved about restlessly, lighting a cigarette. 他焦躁不安地走来走去，点燃了一支烟。7. elbow vt. push sb. with the elbows 用肘推（或撞）人he elbowed me out of the way. 他用肘把我推开了。she elbowed her way forward. 她用胳膊肘推挤着向前走。n. c the joint where the arm bends肘he sat with his elbows on the table. 他坐着，双肘架在桌上。his arm was wrapped from the elbow to the fingers. 他的胳膊从肘部一直包扎到手指。8abrupt a. 1). (of behavior) rough; offensive粗鲁的，无礼的 the manager was offended by his abrupt reply. 经理被他的粗鲁的回答激怒了。the head teacher is very abrupt with parents. 主任老师对家长们的态度很粗鲁。2). sudden and unexpected 突然的，意外的the road is full of many abrupt turns. 这条路有许多急转弯。his abrupt departure surprised everyone. 他突然离去，使大家都很吃惊。9. opening a. beginning; starting 开始的 he left after the opening speech of the debate. 辩论会的开场白之后他就走了。the queen attended the opening night of the theatre. 女王观看了这家剧院的首夜演出。n. 1). c an occasion when a new building, road, etc. is used for the first time, esp. one that involves a ceremony 开业典礼；落成典礼the opening of a new highway 一条新公路的通车典礼many attended the opening of the new sports center. 很多人参加了新体育中心的落成典礼。2. c a position that is available in a business or firm空缺职位there are few openings in publishing for new graduates.出版行业能为新毕业的大学生提供的空缺职位极少。im trying to apply for an opening in an advertising firm. 我正在申请广告公司的一个空缺职位。10. ritual a. done regularly and in the same way 例行的；惯常的 every day the work begins with the ritual greetings. 每天的工作以例行的问候开始。they made ritual apology and left. 他们做了程式化的道歉，然后就离开了。n. c, u sth. done regularly and in the same way 惯例wives make a ritual of their household duties. 家庭主妇每天都是一成不变地操持家务。ive wound up the clock so many times that it has become a ritual.我经常给钟上发条，以致这已成了我的习惯。11. interaction n. 1). c, u communication交流 the interaction of the two groups produced many good ideas.两个组通过相互交流提出了许多不错的见解。if there was more interaction between the two, their problems would be solved.如果双方有更多的沟通，他们的问题会得到解决。2). c, u a process by which two or more things affect each other相互作用；相互影响the interaction of two medicines 两种药之间的相互作用the interaction between different police forces would improve the rate of solving crimes.警方相互合作可以提高破案率。 12. convention n. 1). c, u general, usu. unspoken agreement about how people should act or behave in certain situations习俗；惯例by convention, the leader is always a man. 按照惯例，领导总是由男性担任。wearing a coat and tie is an accepted convention on such an occasion.在那种场合，穿外套系领带是约定俗成的穿着要求。 2). c a meeting of members of a profession, political party, etc. 会议；大会they hold the annual convention in july. 他们每年7月召开年度会议。the convention decided on a new rule. 大会就一项新规定作出决议。13. leisure n. 1). u time free from work or other duties; spare time 空闲，闲暇 weve been working all week without a moments leisure. 我们已整整干了一周，无一刻闲暇。he has some leisure from his studies. 他在学习之余有些空闲时间。2). u ease 悠闲，安逸a life of easy leisure makes a man less adventurous. 安逸的生活会使人变得不思进取。after she retired, she lived in leisure at home. 她退休后闲居在家。扩展at leisure （作表语）有空的；（作状语）从容地at ones leisure当有空的时候14. leisurely a. without hurrying 从容的；不匆忙的walk at a leisurely pace 迈着从容的步伐行进her walked at a more leisurely pace. 他慢悠悠地走着。15.assessvt.judge or decide the amount, value, quality, or importance of sb. or sth. 评价，评估they assessed the value of the house at $600,000. 他们估算这幢房子值60万美元。they say they can assess intelligence from these tests. 他们声称通过这些测试能对智力进行评估。扩展assess sth. at:评估某事物为assessable a. 可评估的，可征税的assessment n. 估价，评价assessor n. 估价财产的人16.surroundings n. (pl.) all the objects, conditions, etc. that are around and may affect sb. or sth.; environment 周围的事物；环境pleasant surroundings 令人愉快的环境the new surroundings made the children very happy. 新的环境让孩子们很开心。17.probe v. try to find out the truth about sth. 调查；探究the matter must be probed to the bottom. 这件事必须彻底调查。she tried to probe his mind to find out what he was thinking. 她试图探究他的心思，以便知道他在想些什么。n. c 探针（医生检查伤口用的钝头细长工具） the doctor lost the probe during the operation. 手术过程中，医生弄丢了探针。18.social a.1). relating to society and peoples lives in general 社会的 governments have made efforts to improve womens social and economic status. 政府已作出努力以提高妇女的社会地位和经济地位。not least important, marriage is a great social stabilizer of men. 很重要的是，婚姻是促使男子稳定的一大社会因素。2). relating to meeting people and spending time with them 社交的she often attends social gatherings. 她常出席社交聚会。his reasons for calling were purely social. 他来访的原因纯粹是为了社交。19. socially ad. 与社会 (或社交) 相关地 we have known each other socially for a long time. 我们相交已久。for socially ambitious couples this is a problem. 对社交上雄心勃勃的夫妇来说，这是一个问题。20.tick vi. (of a clock or watch) make a short repeated sound （钟、表等）滴答响the old clock ticked noisily. 那口老钟的滴答声很响。my watch doesnt tick because its electronic. 我的表不滴嗒作响，因为它是电子表。n. sing. the short repeated sound that a clock or watch makes （钟、表的）滴答声the continual tick of the clock got on my nerves. 钟不断地作响，令我心烦。the ticks seem to be coming from that bag over there.滴答声似乎是从那边的袋子里发出的。21. consequently ad. as a result 因此，所以 my car broke down and consequently i was late. 我的汽车半路上出了毛病，所以来晚了。i spent most of my money in the first week and consequently had very little to spend on food during the last few days of the holidays. 我在假期第一周就用掉了大部分钱，因此最后几天几乎没什么钱买吃的了。 扩展consequent a. 随之发生的，合乎逻辑的； n. 必然的结果，推论22. device n. 1). c a machine or tool for a special purpose 器械，装置 he made a device to make the door shut by itself. 他制作了一种能使门自动关闭的装置。a computer is a device for processing information