Unit 11 Understanding Your Owner.ppt

unit11understandingyourowner pilisteningandspeakingactivitiespartiireadingcomprehensionandlanguageactivitiespartiiiextendedactivities partilisteningandspeakingactivities introductionoffunctionslistenandspeaktrytospeakmoremakeyourowndialoguewhataretheyfor ifyouwanttolearnmore introductionoffunctions youmayexpressyourangerlikethis ijustcan tbeartodosomething isimplycan tstandsomething ireallycan tputupwithsomething itmakesmesick ireallyhatedoingsomething i mdisgusted itmakesmybloodboil listenandspeak howdoesnelsonexpresshisangerathisneighbours dog key bwhatreasondoespetergiveforkeepingpets key cwhatdoespeterintendtokeepasapetinthefuturenadditiontohisdog goldfishandbirds key awhatisnelson sopinionofpetkeeping key a turntop 150 andlet slisten listentotheconversationandtickthecorrectanswertoeachquestion trytospeakmore notes walk cause sb sth towalk esp byaccompanyinghim ite g hewalkedthehorseupthehill keepsomebodycompany remainwithsomebodysothatheisnotalone e g i llstayhereandkeepyoucompany makethebestofsomething usesomethingasprofitablyaspossiblee g she scertainlymadethebestofheropportunities makeyourowndialogue 1 youandyourpartnerarearguingabouttherelationshipsbetweenanimalsandhumanbeings makeadialogueusingthefollowingcues turntopage152 2 studythefollowingcartoonandfindoutwhatisfunnyaboutit tellittoyourclassmates limityourpresentationtoapproximatelyoneminute turntopage152 whataretheyfor key 1 c2 f3 b4 a5 e6 d ifyouwanttolearnmore key 1 i2 f3 b4 h5 c6 d7 e8 g9 a partiireadingcomprehensionandlanguageactivities pre readingtasksnotestranslationcomprehensionworklanguagework a b c partiireadingcomprehensionandlanguageactivities pre readingtasksinwhatwayscandogsbehelpfultohumanbeings whydopeoplewanttokeepdogsaspets doyousupposethatadogcanunderstanditsowner arethereanyotheranimalsthatcanunderstandtheirownersandbecomegodfriendsofhumanbeings ifyouhaveadog whatkindofdogdoyouliketohave chooseappropriateexpressionsfrombelow turntop 154 turntop 154 andlistentothetext althoughiknowthatmanyofyouthinktheopposite mosthumanbeingshaveahighlevelofintelligence agoodmemoryandcansolveproblemseasily theylivelongerandthereforetendtobemuchmoreawareofpastandfuturethanweare theycommunicatebyasetofsoundswhichcarrymeaningfromtheorderinwhichtheyareplaced andthesesoundsvaryfromterritorytoterritory sothatsomehumanshavedifficultyincommunicatingwithothers iftheyhavebeenraisedinadifferentcountryandhavenothadspecialtraining humanshavealsoinventedasetofmarksonpaperwhichtheyusetorepresentthesesoundsandwhichyoumayoftenseethemconcentratingon inthesetwowaystheyhavedevelopedtheireyesandearstoahigherlevelofinterpretationthanourdogs butindoingsotheyhavelosttheabilitytogetmuchoftheinformationwhichwecontinuallydobothfromtheseandourothersenses understandingyourowner mostdogsareabletointerpretatleastpartofthevocabulary voicemeanings ofhumans andsomeofushavelearnttorecognizesomeofthepatternofmarkswhichtheyusetorecordthemonpapersothathumansatadifferenttimeandinadifferentplacecanunderstandtheirmessages butitwouldputourotherabilitiesintodangerifweourselvesdevelopedtheseskillsveryfar fortunately mosthumansareabletounderstandasimilaramountofourcommunicatorysoundsandbehaviour trygoinguptoahuman sittingdowninfrontofhimandraisingafrontpawinagesture hewillalmostcertainlytakeitandgiveitashake becauseitisagreetinggestureforhumans too hewillthinkyouarebehavinglikeahuman andnothingseemstopleasehumansmore understandingyourowner careful thereisadangerhere youarenotahuman youareadog andifyouaregoingtobehappyyoushouldneverforgetit youneedtoliveasadog itisallverywellchangingyourselfslightlytofitinwithahumanpack butifyoudenyyourtruenature youaregoingtoendupamaddogand humanswillthink abaddog thereisalwaysareasonforanyanimalchoosingtolivewithananimalofadifferentsort butalltoooftenwehavenochoice wehavetolivewithhumansandwehavetojoinapackthatisforcedonus sothereisnotmuchyoucandoaboutit buthumanshaveconsciouslydecidedthattheywantuswiththemalthoughnotnecessarilyforthereasonthattheybelieve theymayneedadogtohelpwithsomespecifictasklikehuntingorguiding theymaywantyouasawatchdogtokeepburglarsaway understandingyourowner understandingyourowner theymayhavesomeideathatlookingafteryouwillteachtheirpupsasenseofresponsibility theymayjustwantyoutomakeotherhumanslookatthembecauseyourbreedisexpensiveandfashionable ortheymaysimplybeindesperateneedofcompanionship ofsomethingtolove vary vi ifsthvaries itchangesdependingonthesituationvary withsth vary fromsthtosth vary betweenaandb e g 1 theresultsoftheexperimentvariedwildly 实验结果差异很大 2 pricesvarywiththeseasons 物价随季节而变动 3 hermoodvariedfromoptimismtoextremedepression 她的情绪由乐观一变而为极度消沉 e g winddirectionisrepresentedbyarrow theysaidthattheyrepresentedthecommittee represent vt tobeasignormarkthatmeanssth tobeasymbolofsth synonymstandfor symbolize interpret a vt tobelievethatsthsomeonedoesorsththathappenshasaparticularmeaninginterpretsth assth e g weinterpreted translatedhissilenceasarefusal 我们认为他的沉默就是拒绝 b vt toexplainthemeaningofsth e g weinterpreted translatedhissilenceasarefusal e g it sallverywellthedoctorstellingmei vegottorest butwho sgoingtolookaftermychildren 医生说我得去休息到容易 可是谁来照顾我的孩子呢 c vt vi totranslateonelanguageintoanotherasyouhearitinterpret forsb allverywell it s that sallverywell but spokenusedtosaythatsthseemstobeagoodidea butisnotreallypossibleorhelpful 用于批评或反驳 某人尽可做某事 好倒是好 但并不完全令人满意 fitinwith tolive etc inaneasyandnaturalwaywithsb sth 与 合得来 适应 e g hisgoodmoodfitinwiththejoyfuloccasion 他良好的心绪与那欢快的场合很和谐 e g 1 atfirsttheyhatedeachother buttheyendedupgettingmarried 他们起初相互仇恨 到后来却成了夫妻 2 youwillendupindebtifyoukeeponspendingmoneylikethat 你要是老这样花钱 总有一天要负债 endup tobeinaparticularsituation state orplaceafteraseriesofevents especiallywhenyoudidnotplanit最终成为 最后处于endupdoingsth e g adesperateillness shortage situation绝症 奇缺 危局 desperate adesperatesituationisextremelybad seriousordangerous极严重的 既危险的 很危急的 e g hewassodesperateforajobhewouldhavedoneanything desperate forsth desperate todosth needingorwantingsomethingverymuch非常需要 极想 渴望 理解你的主人 我认为大多数人类的智商高 记忆力好 解决问题的能力强 尽管我知道你们的大多数看法恰恰相反 他们活得比我们长因此更了解过去和未来 他们把各种声音按不同的顺序排列 就产生了不同的含义 然后他们用此声音进行交流 这些声音各个地区不同 如果他们生长在不同的国家 又没有受过专门的训练的话 他们互相交流就会因此出现障碍 人类还发明了一系列符号把那一串串的声音表达在纸上 你经常可以看到他们在专心阅读那些纸上的符号 运用这两种方法 他们使自己的眼睛和耳朵发展到了一个超出我们狗能够理解的水平上 但这样一来 他们却又失去了我们常用眼 耳以及其它感官获得大量信息的能力 大多数狗至少能理解人类的一部分词汇 声音意义 而且 我们有的已经学会辨认一些他们写在纸上供不同时期和不同地区的人理解的符号模式 但是如果这种技能过于发展 我们就会有丧失其它一些能力的危险 好在人类理解狗的叫声和行为方式的程度与我们也相差无几 理解你的主人 试着走近一个人 坐在他面前 伸出前爪摆个姿势 他几乎肯定会抓住前爪握一握 因为这也是人类打招呼的动作 他会认为你举止像人 没有什么比这更让他高兴的了 注意 这就有危险了 你不是人 你是一只狗 如果你要快乐 就千万别忘了这一点 你得像狗一样生活 你稍稍改变一下自己去适应人类固然很好 但如果你否认自己的本性 你将变成一条疯狗 而且 人类会认为你是一条坏狗 动物总有理由选择与另一类动物生活在一起 但是通常我们根本就没有选择 我们被迫与人类一起生活 加入那个强加于我们的群体 所以你无能为力 人类很清楚他们需要我们与他们生活在一起 但其实他们并不见得明白个中的道理 也许他们需要一条狗帮他们狩猎或引路 也许他们需要你们像看门狗那样赶走盗贼 也许他们照顾你们是为了让他们的孩子有责任感 也许他们是想通过饲养你这条名贵而时尚的狗去吸引同类的眼球 又或许他们只是特别需要找个伴儿 或自己喜爱的东西 comprehensionwork questionsfordiscussion 1 whoisthe owner inthetitle 2 whatdoesthephrase asetofsounds mean whydosomehumanshavedifficultycommunicatingwithothersusingasetofsounds 3 whatdoesthephrase asetofmarksonpaper mean whatistheuseofthemarksforhumanbeings comprehensionwork questionsfordiscussion 4 whyshouldn tadogdevelopthesamecommunicatingmeans skillsashumanbeings 5 accordingtothepassage whatisthebestpolicyforadogtolivepeacefullywithhumanbeings 6 whatarethereasonsthathumanbeingsholdforkeepingadog languagework a p 156 1 developed humans tasks desperate2 amount gestures interpret owners recognize training represent3 breed intelligence specific gather panionship deny languagework b p 157 answers1 g2 e3 a4 h5 f6 d7 b8 c languagework c p 158 1 a beingawareoftherisk wegaveuptheproject b beingawareofhismistake heapologizedtousandaskedforourforgiveness c teachersmustbefullyawareofthedifficultiesstudentsfacewhenstudying languagework c p 158 2 a themessageconveyedbythesamegesturesmayvaryfromculturetoculture b theincomevariesfrompersontopersoninthecompany itdependsoneachone sperformanceratherthanhisage c themeaningofsmilesoftenvariesfromculturetoculture languagework c p 158 3 a iwasoftentoldbymyfatherthatifididn tworkhard iwouldendupafailureinmylife b wearenotsurprisedthathehasfinallyendedupaburglar c becauseofthepoormanagement theprojectfinallyendedupawreck languagework c p 158 4 a intheolddayswomen astheweakergender hadtoputupwithanyinequalitiesforceduponthem b asanindependentcountry chinawillnotacceptanyunfairtreatiesforceduponher c somestudentscomplainedabouttheexcessivehomeworkforceduponthem languagework c p 158 5 a oldpeopleusuallylivealoneintheirhomes sotheyareindesperateneedofcompanionship b theyoungwomanisgoingtohaveanotherbabybecauseheronlysonisindesperateneedofcompanionship c thepsychiatristsaidthatnothingwaswrongwiththepatient hewasjustindesperateneedofcompanionship partiiiextendedactivities dictationreadmoregrammarworkwordformationvocabularyworktranslation dictation scriptofthedictationafishermanhadcaughtalittlefish thepoorcreaturebeggedhimtothrowitbackagaintothewater saying whatistheuseofcatchingme i mnotlargeenoughyet throwmebackintotheriver andyouwillcatchmewheni mbigger thenishallbeafinedishforyou thefishermananswered there snouseoftalking ifiletyouintothewateragain itisdoubtfulwhetherimayeverseeyouanymore youshallgointothefryingpanandbefriedthisevening thisfableillustratesanidea abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush readmore true false notmentionedanswers 1 d2 b3 c4 c5 atopicsfordiscussion1 didthedog narratorithetextfulfillitstask 2 whydopeopleusetracker dogstosearchforathief 3 whatcanatracker dogdoandwhatcanitnotdo grammarwork answers1 bobdeniedbreakingthewindow buti msurehedid 2 irememberhavingclosedthedoor buti mnotsureifilockeditornot 3 let sfaceit it snogoodworryi