八年级下册英语610单元知识点总结.doc

Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains. 知识点总结一、重点短语1. try to do something努力做try doing sth 试着干某事try ones best to do sth尽最大努力干某事2. Journey to the West西游记；Yu Gong Moves a Mountain愚公移山Hou Yi Shoots the Suns后羿射日；Nu Wa Repairs the Sky女娲补天3. move the mountains移山4. finish doing sth= end up doing 完成或结束干某事5. continue doing sth= continue to do sth 继续干某事6. once upon a time从前=long, long ago很久很久以前7. the earth and stone from the mountains山上的泥土和石头8. work on doing something从事9. a god was so moved by Yu Gong一位神仙如此感动于愚公send two gods to take the mountains away派两位神仙去把山搬走find a good way to solve his problem找到解决他的问题的好方法10. a little bit silly 有点傻 a little bit+形容词/副词=kind of a bit of +不可数名词 = a little +不可数名词 a bit of water一点儿水11. instead of 代替/ 而不是+doing/ 名词（常放在句子之中）instead 反而，而不是 （常放在句子末尾）12. seem +形容词=seem（to be） +形容词seem possible=seem to be possibleseem to do sth 似乎要干某事 =It seems / seemed that+从句13. different opinions about the story 关于这个故事的不同的观点14. neither of you are wrong 你们两个都错了（也跟单数谓语形式）15. keep doing sth 坚持干某事 give up doing sth 放弃干某事16. be able to do sth= can do sth 能做某事 （前者可用各种时态）17. a new TV program called Monkey 被叫做Monkey的新电视节目18. for the first time 第一次19. the main character 主角，主人公20. traditional Chinese book 传统的中国书籍21. in fact事实上22. make 72 changes to his shape and size它的外形有72变23. turn into把变成turn himself into different animals and objects把自己变成不同的动物和物体24. to fight bad people = in order to fight bad people 为了对付坏人25. a magic stick魔法棒26. keep it in his ear放在耳朵里27. at other times另外的时候28. excite sb 使某人兴奋或激动=sb be excited about sth=sth is exciting.29. come out出版, 发行(无被动语态)30. more than 30 years ago= over 30 years ago 30多年以前31. become interested in变得对感兴趣32. keep fighting to help the weak and never give up不断战斗以帮助弱者且从不放弃33. one of the most popular stories最受欢迎的故事之一34. the most famous Chinese story最著名的中国故事35. the weak= weak people弱者36. think of ways to fight them=think of ways of doing想方设法打他们37. children all over the world全世界的孩子all over =around38. sound stupid听起来愚蠢39. cheat the emperor欺骗皇帝=the emperor be cheated40. keep everything for themselves把每样东西据为己有41. make special clothes for the emperor为皇帝做特别的衣服42. an emperor who loved clothes一个喜欢衣服的皇帝43. walked through the city wearing his new clothes 穿着新衣服走过城市44. fall in love with 爱上45. fit sb 适合某人；be fit for sth / to do 适合 keep fit 保持健康46. cant / couldnt help/ stop doing sth ( smiling)情不自禁地笑起来47. get married to sb和某人结婚（不和how long, for, since 连用表短暂性）be married to sb (常和how long, for , since 等连用 表持续性)48. make a plan to save himself and his sister制定计划去拯救自己和妹妹49. the /my / this whole +可数名词单数 family /story整个家庭/故事（整体）all the / my / these students 所有的学生（侧重个体常接名词复数形式）50. in the moonlight在月光下51. hear our stepmother planning to kill us听见我们的继母正计划杀死我们hear the voice of an old woman coming from the house听见房子里传来一位老妇人的声音52. Sleeping Beauty53. get wood砍柴54. be lost=get lost迷路=lose ones way55. have no more stones再也没有石头no more = not any more（no more 放在助后行前，any more 放在句末）56. lead somebody to带领某人到, 引导某人到57. the house make of bread, cake and candy由面包,蛋糕和糖制成的房子58. from inside the house从房子里面59. the pieces of bread面包屑60. find their way home找到回家的路find ones way to school61. show their way home向他们指明回家的路 show ones way to school62. the next morning/week/year第二天上午/第二个周/第二年63. the movie was so touching/moving这部电影是如此令人感动64. the boy was so moved / touched这个男孩子如此感动65. all(that) he could see= what he could see他所能看见的东西all后省掉that 是定语从句 what 引导宾语从句all that=what(中考点)66. It seems impossible to do something=It isnt possible to do something做看起来是不可能的.67. the rest of the story故事的其余部分68. do it做成功69. day after day and year after year日复一日,年复一年二、重点句子1. It doesnt seem very possible to move a mountain.看起来要移山不太可能=It seems very impossible to do sth2. the story is trying to show us that anything is possible if you work hard.这个故事告诉我们如果我们努力了一切皆有可能 3. What could Yu Gong do instead of moving the mountains?愚公要是不移山,他可以做什么呢?4. Thats better and faster than moving a mountain.那比移山更好,更快.5. There are many sides to a story and many ways to understand it.一个故事有许多角度, 也有许多方法去理解.6. This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects.这是因为他会72变,从形状到大小, 把自己变成不同的动物和物体.7. He cannot turn himself into a person unless he can hide his tail.除非他可以把他的尾巴藏起来,他不能把自己变成人.8. The Monkey King has excited the children of China for many years.猴王已经感动了中国的孩子许多年了.9. The wife told her husband that unless he left the children to die in the forest, the whole family would die.妻子告诉丈夫,除非他把孩子留在森林里死去,全家都会死.10. Dont eat it until you get to the forest.到了森林才可以吃.11. Im dropping white stones along the way.我在沿路撒白色的小石子.12. What a long time you slept in the forest!你们在森林里睡好久哇!13. As soon as the moon rises, we can follow them instead.一旦太阳升起来,我们就可以寻着它们(面包屑)走.14. That birds song is so beautiful that we should follow it.鸟儿的歌是如此美妙, 以至于我们应该跟着它走.15. When the emperor put on the clothes, all he could see was his underwear.当皇帝穿上衣服的时候,他所能看见的就只有他的内裤.16. Thats what his wife said, too.那也是他的妻子所说的话.17. The sea is big enough to hold everything.大海足够顺丰可以容纳下一切.18. His family would live and grow, but the mountains could not get bigger.他的家人会生活并成长,而山不可能变大.19. People couldnt see the clothes unless they were clever.人们不能看见衣服,除非他们聪明.20. The emperor isnt wearing any clothes! 皇帝一丝不挂!The emperor is wearing no clothes. notany = no21. The prince knew that unless the girls foot could fit the shoe, it was not the right girl.王子知道,除非女孩子的脚与鞋相符,它就不是他想要的女孩.22. The children surprised the parents.孩子使他们的父母感到惊讶三、细节知识1.后置定语 something else其他的东西 brave enough 足够勇敢 something bad 糟糕的东西 a TV program called Monkey 一部名叫美猴王的电视节目 find a good way to solve his problem 找到解决问题的好方法2. 掌握几种从句 so that 如此。以致于。（引导结果状语从句，主考连词选择） not until 直到。才。（引导时从，主考连词及主从句谓语动词） unless 除非；如果不（引导条件状语从句，主考连词的选择） as soon as 一。就。（引导时从，主考连词及主从句谓语动词） when 当。的时候 as 一边。一边。 He dropped the stones as they walked3. 动词后的doing keep doing sth; 一直做某事 finish doing sth; 干完某件事=end up doing sth keep on doing sth; 坚持，继续干某事 work on doing sth ; 致力于干某事，从事于某件事 continue doing (to do) sth; 继续干某事 hear sb / sth doing 听见某人或某物正在干什么4. excite ,surprise, move等的用法 excite sb 使某人兴奋或激动The Monkey King has excited the Chinese children for many years.=The Chinese children are excited about the Monkey King.美猴王已经让中国孩子兴奋了许多年。=The Monkey King is exciting.= This is an exciting movie. surprise sb 使某人惊讶= be surprised at sth be surprised to do sth = be surprised that +从句 have a surprise party 举行一个惊讶晚会 be moved by 被.感动 I am moved by his speech.我被他的演讲感动了。 This is a moving film. 这是一部动人的电影。 move to sp. 迁到某地5. couple和marry couple，两人或两件物 作主语谓语要用复数形式 The couple are friendly to us. 夫妇俩对我们很友好。 a couple of 两个或几个 作主语谓语也要用复数形式 A couple of girls are waiting for you now. 有两个女孩正在等你 marry sb 嫁给某人 get married 结婚（强调动作）be married(强调状态) 搭配介词to 不和with 搭配使用。6. magic形容词有魔力的 magician 魔术师；music音乐musician音乐家四、交际用语A、表达自己观点的句型I think 我认为 Well, I still dont agree with you. 嗯，我仍然不同意你（的观点）。B、讲故事的常用语Once upon a time, there was从前，有My favorite story is我最喜欢的故事是C、询问故事相关信息的用语How does the story begin? 故事是怎么开始的？What happened next? 接下来发生了什么？五、语法天地as soon as, unless 和sothat引导的状语从句1. as soon as引导的状语从句 as soon as引导时间状语从句，意为“一就”，表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。从句位于主句前后均可；若主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。As soon as she entered the room, she knew there was something wrong. Ill come over to your place as soon as I finish my work.注意：引导时间状语从句的其他常用连词有when, while, as, before, after, since, until等。2. unless 引导的状语从句 unless引导条件状语从句，意为“除非，如果不”。在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。Unless some extra money is found, the theatre will close. I cant leave her unless I know shes right.3. sothat引导的状语从句 sothat引导结果状语从句，意为“如此以至于”，主要有如下用法：so +adj/adv; adj+a/an+可数名词单数；many/few+可数名词复数；much/little+不可数名词+that从句 He studies so hard that he does well in every subject. Kathy is so lovely a girl that we all like to be with her. He made so many mistakes that he failed the exam once again. There was so much smoke that they couldnt see across the hallway.注意：suchthat也引导结果状语从句，such后跟的是名词或名词短语。Unit 7 Whats the highest mountain in the world?形容词和副词的比较等级复习一、形容词和副词的原级就是原形.1. very / so / too / quite +原级（副词修饰形容词，副词） She is very beautiful. He works quite hard.2. A+be +as +原级 +as+ B.3. A+be not+as/so+原级 +as+B. Lucy is _ Lily. lucy和lily一样高。 Tom isnt _Jim. Lucy没有lily高。二、形容词和副词的比较级 （一）主要用于两者比较。表示较或更一些的意思。 常用far, even，much，a lot, a bit, a little等修饰。（三）形容词和副词的比较级的用法：1. 主语+谓语动词+adj./adv. +比较级+ than+ 对比成分即：A +（be;实义动词）+比较级+than +B2. 比较级+and+比较级 或 more and more+原级3. the +比较级，the+比较级4. 比较级+than any (other)+单数名词 表示同一事物在某一范围内进行比较5. the + 比较级+ of the two是两者中更的一6. Which / Who is + 比较级， A or B ?比较A、B两事物, 问其中“哪一个较”1. His computer is cheaper than I. （）2. Mary is very younger than her brother. （）3. Shanghai is bigger than any city in China. （）4. Tom is taller of the two brothers. （）易错点一：同类事物才能比较易错点二：错用修饰语。修饰比较级只能用much / even / far / a little.不能用very / so / too / quite来修饰。易错点三： 同一事物不能比较。同一事物在某一范围内进行比较，常用结构比较级+than any (other)+单数名词易错点四： 表示“是两者中更的一个”时, 用 “the + 比较级+ of the two”结构。the 不可缺。使用形容词比较级时需注意以下几点：1) than后面接代词时, 一般要用主格形式， 但在口语中也可使用宾格形式。 如：My brother is taller than I / me. 2) 当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时，可以用much, a lot, a little, a bit, even, still等来修饰形容词比较级。注意: 比较级不能用very, so, too, quite等修饰。如：He is much more serious than Sam.3) 上下文明确的情况下,形容词比较级可单独，使用不用连词than 。如： My sister is tall, but my aunt is taller.4). “比较级and比较级”意为“越来越” 。多音节比较级用“more and more形容词原级”如：Its getting worse and worse. The group became more and more popular.5). “Which / Who is + 比较级， A or B？”比较A、B两事物, 问其中哪一个较时用此句型。如：Which T-shirt is nicer, this one or that one? Who is more active, Mary or Kate?Which one is more popular among students, going to concerts or going to movies?三、形容词和副词的最高级一）主要用于三者或三者以上进 行比较表示：某人或某物在某范围内最的意思。二）结构： 1. 主语+be/行为动词+the 最高级+in(of/among) 1) in表示环境范围，of /among 表示对象范围 2) 形容词最高级前有物主代词时，不加the 3) 副词最高级前the也可以省掉。 He is the tallest in his class. He is the tallest of (all) the /the three boys He studies the hardest among them /of all the students.2. Which / Who is + the 最高级，A, B or C？比较A、B、C三事物, 问其中哪一个最1) Who is the tallest, Lucy，Mary or Kate?2) Which one is the most popular among students, going to concerts ， going to movies or playing computer games?3. one of +the +最高级+名词复数 4. the +序数词+最高级+名词5. “比较级+than any other+单数名词”结构表示最高级概念6. 最高级前的修饰语也可以是first, second, thirdHuanghe is the second longest river in China.注意以下表达式的含义：the sameas(和一样)， had better(最好)，less than(不到)，more or less(或多或少)，rather than(而不是)，the morethe more/less(越就越) sooner or later(迟早)最后：一定要判断来用形容词的比较等级，还是副词的比较等级。副词主要用来修饰行为动词的，经常跟在行为动词之后修饰。而形容词主要在系动词之后，名词之前修饰。（难点）Tom does his homework more carefully than Lily.Tom is more careful than Lily.重点短语1. the highest mountain in the world (Qomolangma) 世界上最高的山2. the biggest desert in the world (the Sahara) 世界上最大的沙漠3. the longest river in the world (the Nile) 世界上最长的河4. the deepest of all the salt lakes (the Caspian Sea) 所有咸水湖中最深的5. the biggest population in the world 世界上最大的人口数量6. be higher than any other mountain 比其他任何山更高7. the biggest country in Asia 亚洲最大的国家8. the second longest river in the world 世界第二长河9. one of the oldest countries in the world 世界上最古老的国家之一10. one of the worlds most dangerous sports 最危险的运动之一11. one of the most popular places最受欢迎的地方之一one of +the/my+形容词的最高级+名词的复数形式(高频考点)12. the same size as和一样大13. mountain climbing爬山14. feel free to do sth随便干某事 feel free to ask me anything15. the ancient emperors古代的皇帝16. as you can see,.正如你所看见的,17. as far as I know,就我所知,.18. man-made objects人造物体19. freezing weather conditions冰冻的天气条件20. take in air呼吸空气21. the first people to reach the top第一个到达顶上的人the first/ last one to do sth 第一或最后一个干什么的（考点）22. risk their lives冒着他们的生命危险23. challenge themselves挑战自我 24. in the face of difficulties面对困难25. the forces of nature自然力26. achieve our dreams实现梦想27. at birth在出生的时候=when sb was born28. live up to活到29. at the Chengdu Research Base在成都大熊猫研究基地30. die from illnesses死于疾病=die because of illnesses/an accident（外因）die of sad / happiness / cancer (癌症)（内因而死）31. in the remaining forests在剩下的森林里32. another 200 or so还有大约200左右33. endangered animals濒危动物（考点）34. the importance of saving these animals拯救这些动物的重要性35. only live for a short time because of illnesses由于疾病仅活很短的时间36. make more homes for the pandas为大熊猫建造更多的家园(指人的出生地)37. catch whales for meat, fat and oil为肉,脂肪和油而捕鲸38. jump high out of the water高高地跃出水面39. rules on whale protection保护鲸的制度40. water pollution水污染41. stop putting rubbish into the sea停止往大海里丢垃圾42. whale parts sold被卖的鲸鱼器官43. have to be protected不得不被保护44. protect from保护免于的伤害必背句子1. This makes it the longest wall in the world. 这让它成了世界上最长的墙2. The main reason was to protect their part of the country.主要原因是为了保卫他们部分的国土.3. As far as I know, there are no man-make objects as big as this.就我所知,世界上没有和这个一样大的人造工程.4. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China.喜马拉雅横卧在中国的东南部.5. Of all the mountains, Qomolangma reses the highest.所有的山之中,珠穆郞玛耸立得最高.6. Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard.厚厚的去覆盖着山顶, 雪也可能下得很猛.7. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.(as = when)当你接近山顶的时候,呼吸也非常的困难.8. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.登山都的精神向我们表明, 我们应该永不放弃努力实现我们的梦想.9. No ocean in the world is as big as the Pacific Ocean.世界上没有海洋和太平洋一样大.10. This elephant weighs many times more than this panda.这头大象的重量比这头熊猫重许多倍.11. Lin Wei and the other panda keepers are preparing the milk for the baby pandas breakfast. 林伟和其他的熊猫饲养员正在为熊猫准备牛奶早餐.The babies are already awake and hungry. 熊猫宝宝已经醒了,也很饿.12. When the babies see the keepers, they run over with excitement and some of them even walk into their friends and fall over!当宝宝们看到饲养员的时候, 他们就兴奋地跑过来,有些还因看不清而撞上他们的伙伴,并且摔倒了.13. I take care of them like theyre my own babies.我照料他们就象他们是我自己的宝宝一样.14. I wash, feed and play with them every day.我每天都洗他们,喂他们并且和他们一起玩.15. Pandas do not have many babies, maybe only one every two years.熊猫不能生很多宝宝, 也许每两年才一只.16. Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo. 成年熊猫每天花大约12小时吃10千克竹子. 17. The Chinese government is also planting more bamboo trees so there will be more forests for pandas to live in. 中国政府也正在种植更多的竹子以便于熊猫有更多的竹林可以生活.(in不能丢掉)18. We all hope that in the future there will be a lot more pandas than now.我们都希望, 未来比现在有更多的熊猫.Unit 8 Have you need Treasure Island yet?重点短语1. find an island full of treasures发现一个满是珠宝的小岛be full of =be filled with 充满，装满2. a classic 一部名著（可数名词） I like reading classics.3. turn to Page 5. 翻到第五页; 5 pages 5页；on Page 5 在第五页4. put down放下；turn down 调小； cut down 砍倒die down 逐渐变弱，逐渐消失； fall down 跌倒5. in a hurry (n.) 匆忙地； hurry to do sth. 匆忙地做某事；hurry to+地点 匆忙地赶到某地；hurry up 快点 、赶快6. be due to do sth 预定干什么 be due for sth 预定什么due to由于7. arrive on this island 来到这个小岛8. make a boat 制做轮船9. bring back 取回来；拿回来10. give up doing sth 放弃干什么11. wait for 等候什么cant wait to do sth迫不及待地干什么12. cut down砍倒13. build a house建房子14. kill for food 杀死什么作为食物15. the marks of another mans feet另一个人的脚印16. who else还有谁17. see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在干什么18. run towards朝跑19. help sb. do sth.帮助某人干什么20. name sb. 给某人起名为21. teach sb. sth.教某人某事22. used to do sth 过去常常干某事23. fight over因而争吵24. return home 返还到家25. on the radio在收音机上26. think about sth/ doing sth考虑什么/干什么27. come to realize 逐渐认识到28. ever since自从以来29. the home of的发源地30. belong to +人称代词的宾格/人名（无被动、无进行）31.be kind to sb.对某人和蔼32. trust one another互相信任33. remind sb. that使某人想起34. have been （to ）曾经到过某地，但已返回到原地35. do research on 做的调查研究36. hope to do sth.=hope that37. introduce myself to向作自我介绍 introduce to必背句子1. When I first arrived on this island, I had nothing. have nothing to do 无事可干； have nothing to do but do sth2. So I will not give up and I will wait for another ship.因此我不放弃，要等候另一只船。another 既可用作形容词，也可用作代词。用作形容词时，意思是“又一的；再一的”，修饰名词，位于名词前；用作代词时，意思是“另一个”。Just at that time, another man came in. Saying is one thing and doing is another.another还可以和数词连用，常放在数词的前面，意为“还；再；又”。We need another three men to help do the work.3. Who else is on my island?else意为“另外; 其他”。常用于以some-、every-、any-和no-开头的单词后或疑问词后。What else; something elseThis book must be somebody elses.这本书一定是别人的。4. One of them died but the other ran towards my house.他们当中一个人死了，但是另一个朝我的房子跑来。onethe other表示 “(两者中的)一个另一个”I have two schoolbags. One is red, and the other is blue.5. Not long after that, I saw some cannibals trying to kill two men from a broken ship.在那之后不久，我看见一些食人肉质在试图杀死两个来自破船上的人。6. I named him Friday because that was the day I met him.我管他叫Friday因为那是我遇见他的那一天。（定从，省掉when）7. Sara hasnt been to Nashville yet have / has been( to)曾经去过某地（常与ever, never, before,次数的词连用） have/has gone( to)到某地去了（常与where问句，be not in, be out等连用） have/has been( in)呆在某地多久（常与how long问句，for，since连用）6. I hope to see him sing live one day.see sb. do sth. 意为“看到某人做了某事”，强调看到动作的全过程see sb. doing sth.意为“看到某人正在做某事”，强调看到的作正在进行。 一感（feel）二听（listen to, hear）三让（let, have, mak