核电厂系统及其设备复习题.doc

核电厂系统及其设备复习题一、根据系统图，简要解释核能发电原理。二、名词解释1）质能关系2）裂变3）临界状态4）反应性5）半衰期6）一回路7）PWR8）蒸汽发生器9）稳压器三、选择题1. The nuclear power station provides _ for the utility grid. expensive electricity base load peak load full load2. _specify the steps required to go from one operating state to another. The codes The NRC The operators The procedures3. When large decrease in turbine load the steam from the steam generators is sent to the_. steam condenser atmosphere steam dump system heat exchanger4. An excess of coolant inventory can result in a_. power increase temperature increase reactor trip turbine trip5. Following the coastdown of the coolant pumps, the core residual heat will be removed by_. condensers natural circulation boiling heat transfer emergency power6. The operation of a nuclear plant is _than operating a modern fossil fuel power station. easier more difficult rather more complex7. The heat is transferred by the reactor coolant from the core to the_. cecondary loop outlet nozzles steam generators pressurizer8. The fuel rod provides_to the escape of fission products. two barriers three barriers seals a barrier9.The CEA guide tubes are made of_. stainless steel ceramic zircaloy B4C10. The helium inside the fuel cladding improves the _. characteristic gap heat conductivity gap heat convection clad strain11. The CEA guide tubes are arranged_. in the fuel assembly around the fuel assembly in the center of fuel assembly outside the fuel assembly12. The coolant can _through the guide tubes. not flow be flow pass13. There _ steam generator(s) in each primary loop. is one are two are there is no14. At the top of the tube bundle shroud, _ are mounted. eggcrates steam-water separators plates baffles15. There _ in the system 80+ steam generator. is one feedwater inlet are two feedwater inlets are three feedwater inlets are many feedwater inlets16. The flywheel on the motor is to provide_. energy water coastdown flow torque17. The temperature of the water in the seal assembly is maintained within acceptable limits by_. water oil steam water and oil18. In accordance with the coolant temperature program,the average reactor coolant temperature is _ when steam demand is increased. constant fall raised high19. In pressurized water reactors water is used as_. moderator coolant both a and b neither a nor b20. The thermal efficiency of PWRs is_. more than 40% about 30% less than 10% about 70%21. The space between the reactor vessel and the core barrel is the _. fuel rods control rods downcomer plenum22. The ECCS is provided to_. cool the core control reactivity control volume drive pump23. There are_ successive barriers in PWR to prevent radioactivity escape. two three four five24. The containment enclose the_. reactor reactor and pressurizer primary system and secondary system entire primary system25. From the text the safest nuclear power plant may be a _. expensive one cheap one big one small one26. Following a decrease in turbine load, the water pressure and temperature in the reactor_. will increase increase decrease will be unchanged27. A temperature decrease of reactor vessel water results in an_. insertion of control rods power decease power increase increase of reactivity28. Loss of power is a _. upset condition abnormal increase reactor trip reactor shutdown accident29. Inadvertent auxiliary spray will result in_. temperature decrease power decrease pressure decrease abnormal condition30. The long-term control of core reactivity means adjustment of_. control rods boric acid power output coolant 31. The burnable absorber rod assembly provides the capability of high absorber strength_. in all its life at the beginning of refueling at the end of refueling cycle during operation32. The fuel assemblies used in a reactor are_. similar different three types same33. In the fuel rod the spring is set on the_. pellet column spacer disc end cap top34. The CEA guide tubes are welded to the_. spacer grids lower end fittings control rods end cap35. The fuel spacer grids are made of_. stiff arches springs plates zircaloy strips36. After long time radiation the boron carbide will_. decrease in mass be swelling increase in mass be dissipated37. The economizer increases the cold leg side _ before coolant leaving the steam generator. flow rate temperature temperature difference relative flow38. The water from the steam separators flows down into the _. economizer shroud bundle evaporator section39. In the downcomer the water is_. saturated boiling very cold subcooled40. The pump is connected with the motor by a_. diaphragm tube coupling casing41. _ pressurizer heaters are connected to proportional controllers. A few The remaining Most of the Many42. The fluid from economizer section is _. two-phase flow boiling water subcooled water saturated water43. The amount of heat that has been converted in steam turbine is _ that removed in condenser. more than less than same as similar to44. The hot primary fluid exchanges its heat with the secondary fluid in the_. pressurizer condenser header steam generators45. Residual heat-removal system remove the decay heat from the core_. during plant operation after plant shutdown during start-up during transient condition46. The _ is connected to the spent fuel pond by transfer canal. containment pressure vessel pipe reactor cavity47. One of the important factors influencing containment