2015年专四语法练习.doc

2014专四语法练习51. the mother sat by the window_the hole in her coat.a. healing b. resuming c. mingling d. patching52. the owner of the auto plant refused to raise the workers wages, saying that it would _the profit.a. cut off b. cut short c. cut into d. cut up53. her _ to executive manager is an acknowledgement of her hard work and unusual talent.a. profession b. occupation c. resignation d. promotion54. we had to learn to work with others and many of our own ideas had to be_for the good of the whole.a. thrown away b. compensated c. brushed aside d. neglected55. the old couple were not rich themselves, but they hated to turn away anyone who were_ food and shelter.a. at the mercy of b. on the point of c. with the exception of d. in need of56. the clumsy movement of the giant panda amused all the_.a. visitors b. witnesses c. watchers d. spectators57. he wanted very much to run for a second term, but owing to poor health, he was _to give it up.a. driven b. permitted c. rebuked d. compelled58. you can _different kinds of people, dictionaries or encyclopedia to find out what you wish to know.a. contact b. contain c. consult d. convert59. part of the lake has been polluted. you can see the water is covered with _oil.a. a coat of b. a story of c. a film of d. a pad of60. applications have poured in_assignments to remote regions of the country.a. requiring b. begging c. requesting d. awaiting61. in his_to further his knowledge of the universe, man has now begun to explore space.a. endeavor b. expedition c. trail d. chase62. after a careful examination, the doctor_a new medical and a two-day rest for the patient.a. described b. inscribed c. prescribed d. transcribed63. the little girl wore a very thin coat. a sudden gust of cold wind made her _.a. shake b. sweat c. shiver d. swing64. the grooms hand_the soft mane of the horse.a. struck b. provoked c. fondled d. remarked65. if the right kind of extracurricular activities is organized, those children who have a(an)_of energy will have a chance to develop their talents much more quickly.a. consumption b. exploration c. exhaustion d. excess参考答案：51. 答案 d【参考译文】 妈妈坐在窗边补衣服上的洞。【试题分析】 本题是一道词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “heal”含义为“治疗”，“resume”含义为“恢复”;“mingle”含义为“使混合”;“patch”含义为“补”。根据句意，d最合适。52. 答案 c【参考译文】 车厂老板拒绝涨工人工资，说那会减少公司利润。【试题分析】 本题是词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “cut off”含义为“切断”;“cut short”含义为“中断”;“cut into”含义为“侵犯(利益)”;“cut up”含义为“切碎”。根据句意，c最合适。53. 答案 d【参考译文】 她被升为执行经理是对她工作努力且有非凡才能的确认。【试题分析】 本题是词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “profession”含义为“职业”;“occupation”含义为“职业，工作”;“resignation”含义为“辞职”;“promotion”含义为“提升”。根据句意，d最适合。54. 答案 c【参考译文】 我们不得不学会与他们一起工作且很多个人想法要为了全局利益而抛弃。【试题分析】 本题是词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “throw away”含义为“扔掉”;“compensate”含义为“补偿”;“brushaside”含义为“不顾”;“neglect”含义为“忽视”。根据句意，c最合适。55. 答案 d【参考译文】 那对老夫妻自己并不富有，但他们不却不愿拒绝帮助那些需要食宿的人。【试题分析】 本题是词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “at the mercy of”含义为“在支配中”;“on the point of”含义为“正要时”;“with the exception of”含义为“除之外”;“in need of”含义为“需要”。根据句意，d最适合。56. 答案 d【参考译文】 大熊猫笨拙的举动逗笑了所有的观看者。【试题分析】 本题是近义词辨析题。【详细解答】 “visitor”含义为“参观者”;“witness”含义为“见证人”;“watcher”含义为“看守人”;“spectator”含义为“观众”。根据句意，d最合适。57. 答案 a【参考译文】 他很想参加第二轮竞争，但因为身体不好，他不得不放弃。【试题分析】 本题是词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “driven”含义为“出于不得已的”;“permit”含义为“同意，允许”;“rebuke”含义为“排斥”;“compel”含义为“迫使屈服”。根据句意，a最合适。58. 答案 c【参考译文】 你可以通过查询不同的人，字典或百科全书来找到你想要知道的。【试题分析】 本题是形近词辨析题。【详细解答】 “contact”含义为“接触、联络”;“contain”含义为“包含”;“consult”含义为“查询，咨询”;“convert”含义为“转变，转换”。根据句意，c最合适。59. 答案 c【参考译文】 湖被部分污染了。你可以看见水面上覆盖着一层油。【试题分析】 本题是一道词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “a coat of”含义为“一层涂层”;“a story of”含义为“一层楼”;“a film of”含义为“一薄层”;“a pad of”含义为“一层垫层”。根据句意，c最合适。60. 答案 c【参考译文】 要求赴边的申请不断涌来。【试题分析】 本题是词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “require”含义为“需要，要求，命令”;“beg”含义为“乞求”;“request”含义为“请求，要求”;“await”含义为“等候”。根据句意，c最合适。61. 答案 a【参考译文】 试图发展对宇宙的了解，人类已经开始探索太空。【试题分析】 本题是词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “endeavor”含义为“试图”;“expedition”含义为“远征”;“trail”含义为“追踪”;“chase”含义为“追逐”。根据句意，a最合适。62. 答案 c【参考译文】 在仔细检查后，医生给病人开了一种新药和两天休假。【试题分析】 本题是形近词辨析题。【详细解答】 “describe”含义为“描述”;“inscribe”含义为“题写”;“prescribe”含义为“开处方”;“transcribe”含义为“抄写，译”。根据句意，c最合适。63. 答案 c【参考译文】 那个女孩衣服穿得太薄，一阵冷风使她全身发抖。【试题分析】 本题为词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “shake”含义为“摇动，抖动”;“sweat”含义为“出汗”;“shiver”含义为“颤抖，哆嗦”;“swing”含义为“摆动”。根据句意，c最合适。64. 答案 c【参考译文】 马夫的手抚摸马的软鬃毛。【试题分析】 本题为词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “stick”含义为“刺”;“provoke”含义为“挑逗”;“fondle”含义为“爱抚，抚弄”;“remark”含义为“觉察”。根据句意，c最合适。65. 答案 d【参考译文】 如果能组织更好的课外活动，那些有余力的孩子就有机会更快地发展自己的能力。【试题分析】 本题是词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “consumption”含义为“消费”;“exploration”含义为“探险”;“exhaustion”含义为“竭尽”;“excess”含义为“额外的”。根据句意，d最合适。41. everyone must have liked the cake because there wasnt even a _ left.a. crutch b. chip c. chop d. clip42. mary _when she found her husband drunk again.a. blew her top b. became abnormal c. was affected d. in opposition43. during the famine many people_ eating grass and leaves.a. felt inclined to b. were confronted with c. got accustomed to d. were reduced to44. my wife_an old dictionary last night.a. came on b. came off c. came out d. came up45. the accused man_his innocence by proving that he was aboard when the murder was committed.a. found b. founded c. ignored d. established46. he has got too much _to worry about your problem.a. on his mind b. out of mind c. off his mind d. to his mind47. you are too rigid: you must learn to change your plans when the situation _it.a. calls on b. calls for c. calls forth d. calls in48. if you expenses_your income, you will be in debt.a. surpass b. exceed c. survive d. pass49. you can _your story by leaving out some unimportant details.a. abridge b. rewrite c. reveal d. change50. could you please give me a hand? lets_the bookcase into place.a. shoot b. shove c. contain d. indicate参考答案41. 答案 b【参考译文】 肯定每个人都喜欢这蛋糕，因为连碎屑都没剩下。【试题分析】 本题是一道词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “crutch”含义为“支柱，叉柱”;“chip”含义为“碎片，碎屑”;“chop”含义为“一块排骨”;“clip”含义为“夹钳”。根据句意，本题应该选b。42. 答案 a【参考译文】 见到丈夫又喝醉了，玛莉大发脾气。【试题分析】 本题是一道词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “blow ones top”含义为“发脾气”;“become abnormal”含义为“变得反常”;“be affected”含义为“被影响”;“in opposition”含义为“反对”。根据句意，a最适合。43. 答案 d【参考译文】 在饥荒中，很多人被迫开始吃草和树叶。【试题分析】 本题为词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “feel inclined to”含义为“感到倾向于”;“be confronted with”含义为“使面临”;“get accustomed to”含义为“习惯于”;“be reduced to doing sth.”含义为“被迫做某事”。根据句意，d最合适。44. 答案 d【参考译文】 昨晚我的妻子偶然找到了一本老字典。【试题分析】 本题是一道词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “come on”含义为“跟着来”;“come off”含义为“离开”;“come out”含义为“出来”;“come up”含义为“偶然获得”。根据句意，d最合适。45. 答案 d【参考译文】 被控告的人通过证明谋杀案发生时他在国外而证实了他的清白。【试题分析】 本题是一道词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “found”含义为“(find的过去式)找到”，“founded”含义为“(found的过去式)建立”;“ignored”含义为“忽视”;“established”含义为“确立，证实”。根据句意，d最合适。46. 答案 a【参考译文】 他对你的问题太担心了。【试题分析】 本题是词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “on sbs mind”含义为“压在某人心头”;“out of ones mind”含义为“精神不正常”;“off ones mind”含义为“不再在某人心头”;“to ones mind”含义为“据某人意见”。根据句意，a最合适。47. 答案 b【参考译文】 你太刻板了;你必须学会在条件需要时改变你的计划。【试题分析】 本题是词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “call on”含义为“号召”;“call for”含义为“要求，需要”;“call forth”含义为“唤起，引起”;“call in”含义为“召集，召来”。根据句意b最合适。48. 答案 b【参考译文】 如果你的消费超过收入，你会欠债的。【试题分析】 本题是一道词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “surpass”含义为“超越”;“exceed”含义为“超出”;“survive”含义为“比谁活得长，幸存”;“pass”含义为“通过”。根据句意，b最合适。49. 答案 a【参考译文】 除去一些不重要的细节，你能使你的故事更简洁一些。【试题分析】 本题为一道词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “abridge”含义为“节略”;“rewrite”含义为“重写”;“reveal”含义为“展现”;“change”含义为“改变”。根据句意，a最合适。50. 答案 b【参考译文】 你能帮我一把么?把这个书箱推到位。【试题分析】 本题是词义辨析题。【详细解答】 “shoot”含义为“射击”;“shove”的含义为“推”;“contain”含义为“包含”;“indicate”含义为“指示，指出”。根据句意，b最合适。41. my niece has been to sumatra and iran as well as all of europe. by the time shes twenty, she_almost everywhere.a. will be b. would have been c. will have been d. would be42. when workers push together to organize themselves in trade unions, employers find it hard to lay them _.a. off b. aside c. out d. down43. id rather you_ anything about it for the time being.a. do b. didnt do c. dont d. didnt44. we must _that the procedure is followed as rigidly as possible.a. secure b. ensure c. assure d. issue45. i spoke to him kindly_ him.a. not to frighten b. so as not to frighten c. in order to not frighten d. for not frightening46. it is a common theme in many science fiction stories that the world may one day be _by out space invaders.a. broken in b. taken over c. run over d. filled in47. returning to my apartment_.a. my watch was missing b. i found my watch disappeared c. i found my watch missing d.the watch was missed48. just remember one thing that_decisions often lead to bitter regrets.a. hasty b. prompt c. urgent d. instant49. wheres my cap?its on the _.a. kitchen counter b. kitchens counter c. counter of the kitchen d. counter for the kitchen50. when he was driving home, he was stopped by the policeman and was _ of speeding.a. charged b. blamed c. accused d. warned参考答案41. 答案 c【参考译文】 我的侄女到过苏门答腊、伊朗以及整个欧洲，到她二十岁的时候她几乎去过任何地方。【试题分析】 此题考查时态的运用。【详细解答】 将来完成时必须与一个表示未来确切时间的某一点进行比较。也可以表示一个动作在另一个未来的动作发生之前业已完成。by the time常常用来引起将来完成时。因此c为正确选项。42. 答案 a【参考译文】 当工人们以工会的形式自发组织起来，雇主要解雇他们变得困难。【试题分析】 此题考查同根词组的含义。【详细解答】 lay sb. off意为“暂时解雇某人”，符合题意。而lay aside作“储蓄，把某物放在一边”讲;lay out意为“展示，安排，布置”;lay down作“制定、规定”讲。因此a为正确选项。43. 答案 d【参考译文】 我宁愿你暂时对此事不采取任何行动。【试题分析】 此题考查虚拟语气。【详细解答】 would rather与had rather后面接省去that的从句，从句内用过去式(表示虚拟)。因此d为正确选项。44. 答案 b【参考译文】 我们必须确保严格按照程序进行。【试题分析】 此题考查动词词义。【详细解答】 ensure意为“保证”，符合题意。assure虽然具有同样的意思，但该词要求跟名词或代词而不能跟从句作宾语，secure意为“使安全，保险”，issue则作“发行、发布”讲。因此b为正确选项。45. 答案 b【参考译文】 我很客气地对他说话，这样不至于吓着他。【试题分析】 此题考查不定式的用法。【详细解答】 不定式常用so as to引起表示结果，这种结构也可用来表示目的，否定形式直接在不定式前加not。因此b为正确选项。46. 答案 b【参考译文】 在许多科幻小说中都有相同的一个主题，那就是有一天地球会被外星入侵者统治。【试题分析】 此题考查动词词组的含义。【详细解答】 take over意为“接收，接管，接任”符合本题题意。break in意为“打断”;run over作“溢出;超出限度”讲;fill in意为“填充，填满”。因此b为正确选项。47. 答案 c【参考译文】 回到公寓后，我发现我的手表不见了。【试题分析】 此题考查分词作状语的情况。【详细解答】 当-ing分词与-ed分词作状语时，要特别注意分词的逻辑主语应该是句子的主语。使用-ing分词或-ed分词就要看分词与逻辑主语之间的主动或被动关系。由此c为正确选项。48. 答案 a【参考译文】 记住一件事，那就是仓促的决定往往让人后悔莫及。【试题分析】 此题考查形容词词义。【详细解答】 hasty意为“草率的，仓促的”，符合本题题意。urgent作“紧急的，迫切的”讲;instant意为“立刻的”;prompt则作“迅速的”讲。因此a为正确选项。49. 答案 a【参考译文】 “我的帽子在哪儿?”“在厨柜上。”【试题分析】 此题考查名词作定语的用法。【详细解答】 此处名词kitchen作定语修饰counter，该形式已逐渐演变成固定的形式。因此a为正确选项。50. 答案 c【参考译文】 在开车回家的途中，他被警察拦住并指控他超速行驶。【试题分析】 此题考查动词词义及搭配。【详细解答】 accuse sb. of意为“指控某人犯有罪”，符合本题题意。而charge要与with搭配，作“指控某人犯有罪”讲;blame经常与for搭配，意为“因埋怨，责怪”;warn sb. of则意为“警告、告诫某人”。因此c为正确选项。1._in the past, at the moment it is a favorite choice for wedding gown.a. unpopular has as white been b. white has been as unpopularc. unpopular has been as white d. unpopular as white has been2._for a long time, the fields are all dried up.a. there has been no rain b. having no rainc. there having been no rain d. there being no rain3. the millions of calculations involved, _by hand, would have lost all practical value by the time they were finished.a. had they been done b. they had been donec. having been done d. they were done4. televisions enable us to see things happen almost at the exact moment_.a. which they are happening b. they are happeningc. which they happen d. they have happened5._me most was that the young boy who had lost both arms in an accident could handle a pen with his feet.a. that amazed b. it amazed c. which amazed d. what amazed6. although she wrote a lot of short stories and poems when she was very young, _she was twentyfive.a. her first real success did not come untilb. her real first success came until notc. since her first real success did not come untild. not until her first real success7. you should know better than_ your little sister at home by herself.a. to leave b. leaving c. to have left d. left8. as the train will not leave until one hour later, we _grab a bite at the snack bar.a. may well b. just as well c. might as well d. as well9. she resorted to _ when she had no money to buy foods for her children.a. have stolen b. steal c. stole d. stealing10. the boy has admitted to _ the window while playing football yesterday.a. breaking b. having been broken c. break d. be breaking11. betty advised me to label our luggage carefully in case it gets _in transit.a. misused b. mishandled c. mistaken d. mislaid12._money, she is quite rich. however, this does not mean that she is happy.a. concerning b. as to c. in terms of d. in the light of13. a wellwritten composition _good choice of words and clear organization among other things.a. calls for b. calls on c. calls up d. calls off14. it is _with the customer not to let the shop assistants guess what she really likes and wants until the last moment.a. in her honor b. on her honor c. a point of honor d. an honor15. this house will probably come on the _next month.a. fair b. market c. shop d. store16. george was introduced to _activities at a young age, when she was hire to act as a lookout for drugdealers.a. illegal b. lawful c. faithful d. peaceful17. an institution that properly carries the name university is a more comprehensive and complex institution than any other kind of higher education_.a. settlement b. establishment c. costruction d. structure18. peoples status in society is frequently _by how much they own.a. measured b. examined c. tested d. questioned19. jack is so _to his appearance that he never has his clothes pressed.a. adverse b. anonymous c. indifferent d. casual20. there is an increasing _to make movies describing violence.a. strength b. direction c. tradition d. trend21. outside my office window there is a fire _ on the right.a. escape b. ladder c. steps d. stairs22. i _with the browns during my stay in new york city.a. put in b. put down c. put on d. put up23. operations which left patients _ and in need of long periods of discovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable.a. exhausted b. unhealthy c. upset d. fearful24. farmers are allowed to grow small gardens of their own and they sell their vegetables _ the black market.a. on b. at c. in d. for25. the electric fan does not work because of the _of service.a. pause b. break c. interruption d. breakdown试题答案与解析1. d) 【句意】虽然白色过去不受欢迎，但目前它是婚纱的首选颜色。【难点】as是连词，引导让步状语从句时，往往使用半倒装形式。又如：beautiful as she is, she is foolish.2. c) 【句意】由于长时间无雨，田野变得十分干燥。【难点】该句的前半部分是there be结构，完成式独立结构形式，这与时间状语for a long time相吻合。3. a) 【句意】数百万次计算如果用手工操作，那么，到计算结束的时候，就将失去其全部实际意义。【难点】这是一句虚拟语气的句子，条件句使用了省略if的倒装句形式，动作与过去事实相反。4. b) 【句意】电视使我们能够在事情发生的那一瞬间就看到它们是如何发生的。【难点】moment后接的是省略关系副词when的定语从句。b)符合题意要求。5. d) 【句意】最令我惊讶的是，这个在车祸中失去双臂的小男孩能够用脚使用钢笔。【难点】这是一个what从句作主语的典型句子。6. a) 【句意】虽然她很小的时候就写了很多短篇小说和诗歌，但她直到25岁才迎来第一次真正的成功。【难点】这是一个练习not until结构的句子。7. a) 【句意】你应该知道，不该把你小妹妹一个人留在家里。【难点】to know better than to do sth.是一个常见的表示责备的句型，意为“应该知道不该做某事”。8. c) 【句意】既然火车一个小时以后才开，我们不妨到快餐店吃口东西。【难点】might as well后接动词原形，意为“不妨，何不”。9. d) 【句意】当她没钱为孩子买吃的东西时，她开始偷。【难点】resort to意为:求助于，其中to是介词，后接动名词。10. a) 【句意】那个男孩承认在昨天踢足球的时候打破了窗子。【难点】admit to中的to是介词，后接名词或动名词。11. d) 【句意】贝蒂建议我把我们的行李认真地贴上标签以免运输中放错位置。【难点】mislay意为“把放错地方”;misuse意为“错用滥用”;mishandle意为“瞎弄，胡乱操作”;mistake意为“误选”。12. c) 【句意】就钱而言，她很富裕。然而这并不意味着她幸福。【难点】in terms of意为“从方面来说”;concerning意为“关于”;as to也是“关于;至于”;in the light of 意为“鉴于，由于”。13. a) 【句意】一篇好文章，除其它因素外，还要求选词优美，组织清晰。【难点】call for意为“要求，需要”;call on意为“号召，请求”;call up意为“使人想起” ;call off意为“取消，停止做”。14. c) 【句意】对于顾客来说，直到最后时刻才让售货员猜出她真正喜欢什么，真正想买什么，这是一个涉及面子的问题。【难点】a point of honor意为“涉及名誉的事情”;in ones honor意为“为某人的荣誉”; on ones honor意为“以名誉担保”;an honor意为“光荣的人或事”。15. b)【句意】这座房子可能下月上市。【难点】on the market意为“上市，出售”; fair意为“集市;庙会;交易会”;shop是“商店”;store是“储存;仓库”。16. a) 【句意】很小的时候，乔治被介绍参与了非法活动，他受雇为毒贩子放哨。【难点】illegal 意为“不合法的，非法的”;lawful 意为“依法的，守定的”;faithful意为“忠实的，守信的”;peaceful 意为“平静的;安宁的”。17. b) 【句意】能称得上大学称号的机构是一个比其他种类高等教育机构都更复杂更综合的机构。【难点】establishment 意为“企业，设施(公司，学校，医院，教会等)”;settlement 意为“定居点;殖民地”;construction意为“建造;建筑物”;structure是“结构，构造”。18. a) 【句意】人的社会地位常常由他们拥有的财富的多少来衡量。【难点】measure 意为“估量，衡量”;examine 意为“检查;仔细观察”;test意为“试验，测试”;question意为“询问，审问”。19. c) 【句意】杰克从不注意自己的外表，衣服从来不烫。【难点】indifferent意为“漠不关心的”; adverse意为“不利的，反对的”;anonymous 意为“匿名的”; casual意为“非正式的，不拘礼节的”。20. d) 【句意】暴力片的拍摄大有上升趋势。【难点】trend意为“倾向，趋势”;strength意为“力量，实力”;direction意为“方向”;tradition 意为“传统”。21. a) 【句意】我办公室的窗外右侧有一个救生楼梯。【难点】fire escape 意为“防火安全楼梯(位于楼房的外侧面)”;ladder意为“梯子”;steps意为“台阶”;stairs意为“楼梯”，指室内的。22. d) 【句意】我在纽约市逗留期间和布朗一家人过了一夜。【难点】put up意为“宿夜”;put in 意为“度过，消磨(时间等)”;put down意为“写下，记录”;put on 意为“上演，演出”。23. a) 【句意】以前，病人手术后精疲力竭，需长时间才能恢复，现在手术的病人却感到既轻松又舒适。【难点】exhausted 意为“精疲力竭的”;unhealthy意为“不健康的”;upset意为“苦恼的，不适的”;fearful 意为“担心的，可怕的”。24. a) 【句意】农夫们被允许在自己的菜园耕种，并将蔬菜拿到黑市上去卖。【难点】on the market 意为“上市， 出售中”，其它介词搭配不合适。25. c) 【句意】由于中止了服务，所以电扇不转了。【难点】interruption 意为“中止，中断”;pause 意为“暂停，间歇”;break意为“停顿，间歇”;breakdown意为“损坏，故障”。1._native to north america, corn has now spread all over the world.a. in spite of b. that it is c. it was d. although2. our civilization cannot be thought of as_in a short period of time.a. to have been created b. to be created c. having been created d. being created3. we feel it is high time that the government _something to check the inflation.a. did b. do c.should do d. would do4. it has been proposed that we_our decision until the next meeting.a.delayed b.delay c. can delay d. are to delay5. hurricanes are