工程量清单计价模式下招投标阶段的工程造价控制英文翻译.doc

范文范例参考Under the model of BOQ valuation bidding phase of the project cost control Abstract：In this paper, according to relevant provisions, approaches to the specific content and spiritual essence of learning and understanding, and combined with the current bidding characteristics, how to do a good job under the model of BOQ valuation bidding phase of the project cost control are discussed.Key words: project quantity list valuation pattern, bidding phase, construction cost control Under the model of BOQ valuation bidding in bidding direction, it has unified project to measure, reasonable low wins the bid, bid the unit according to the characteristics of enterprise quota quote independently. Engineering quantity list valuation model on engineering cost control target and specific work has profound influence, the new pricing mode to the bidding phase of project cost control work should have a good grasp of the preparation of BOQ, review, preparation of bid enquiry work, reasonable low wins the bid, determine the type of contract, the terms of the contract agreed to pay attention to reasonable allocation of risk and other key. Carry out a project to measure detailed list valuation method is the embodiment of control quantity, price, quote independently by the enterprise project cost reform is an important measure, is also Chinas accession to the WTO and international standards requirement. The Ministry of construction in 1998 put forward the conditions of the areas and projects, in accordance with the administrative department in charge of Construction issued a unified engineering calculation rules and project division rules, to bidding of engineering quantity list, reasonable low wins the bid the pilot, and in the Guangdong Shunde , Tianjin and other places of the pilot.Promulgated 2001 carry out construction project contract and contract valuation management approach eighth presents a bidding project can use a project to measure detailed list method for the preparation of tendering and bidding price. In 2002 summing up relevant provinces and municipalities to carry out engineering quantity list valuation based on experimental work, construction ministry organized the formulation of construction of the public bidding of engineering quantity list valuation Interim Measures. Therefore the quota of the separation of quantity and price, market price and norm of construction company interior to determine the bidding price and bid price of the bidding of engineering quantity list tender but represent the general trend, but also the future direction of the bidding. In this paper, according to relevant provisions, approaches to the specific content and spiritual essence of learning and understanding, and combined with the current bidding characteristics, how to do a good job under the model of BOQ valuation bidding phase of the project cost control are discussed.BOQ bidding characteristics Under the model of BOQ valuation bidding: engineering quantity list by the owner or entrust a bidding agency organization unit, as part of the bidding documents, the bidder according to their enterprise quota autonomous bidding, bid according to the budget quota, market prices, administration published rates determined in the bid evaluation, only for reference. Compared with the traditional quota + uniform base price fee pricing model of bidding, the bidding work has the following characteristics. Content of tender documents including bill of Engineering quantity. Project volume detailed list is in accordance with the national ( GB50500-2003 ) or local enactment of calculation rules ( unified project code, unified project name, uniform units of measurement, unified project to measure computational regulation ) according to the design drawings, design, drawing review records, consider the person of invite public bidding requirements, the engineering project characteristic calculation and statistics, arrangement, in order to get a list of. It is as tender offer reference file important component provided to bidder, aimed at unifying all bidders bidding in engineering quantity, and price competition to the bidder. Bid price and bidding to objective law to weave. Under the new mode of valuation, bid the unit to the project volume detailed list of engineering quantity examination, according to the enterprises own construction methods, construction measures and artificial, material, machinery consumption level and material procurement channels and management to determine the level of prices, the indirect rate, profit rate, combined with the market factors in autonomous quotation. It is conducive to play independent valuation of enterprise competence manifests its advantage and experience, to realize the government to fix a price to the market change. Bid according to the budget quota, the project cost administration published rates, market information and price determination. Reflect the social average level. Bid in bid only for reference. Bidding of engineering quantity list of bid price only as market reference price or the owners of the block bid price in bid, only for reference. As a result of project volume detailed list is open to the public, the parties involved from the base price of the bondage, unit of invite public bidding bid for no longer confidential tax ones ingenuity, saving a lot of manpower, material resources. To avoid in project invite public bidding resort to deceit, the black-box operation irregularities. The evaluation methods of comprehensive scoring method or by the lowest evaluated bid method. Review the tender offer not only focus on the price, pay more attention to the price, the same price bidding of engineering quantity, form a clear comparable, facilitate the bid response, quoted price is reasonable evaluation, the advantage is reflected in the price, make the price with quality and construction period of comprehensive evaluation of reasonable low price are effectively guaranteed, at the same time the degree to eliminate the undesirable phenomenon such as string, carry the mark, to avoid malicious distortions of Engineering cost. It will effectively change the person of invite public bidding blindly demand a low price behavior, help to regulate the person of invite public bidding in the bidding behavior, thus truly reflect open, fair, just principle.Engineering quantity list valuation model on bidding phase of project cost control effect Bidding phase of project cost control goal is twofold: to determine the reasonable contract price and strict engineering contract price to realize safely. New valuation pattern to these two points will produce profound effect. The contract price formation that makes project cost is more close to the practical value of. First, determine the contract price are two important factors - the bidding and bid price to objective law to weave, the consumption, price, rate is the market fluctuations in the value of the contract price, therefore can better reflect the nature and characteristics of engineering cost, closer to the market value. Secondly, easy to undertake to project cost dynamic control. In the original pricing mode, no matter the contract with fixed price or adjustable price, no matter how much quantity change, no matter how long construction period, both parties as long as agreed by the national norm cost management department, national adjustment and material price and issued by the price to adjust coefficient, then applied to contract, project settlement. Under the new mode of valuation, engineering quantity by tender offer, quotation competitive quotation based on engineering quantity list value, tender people in order to avoid due to the different understanding of the problems caused by the drawings, generally do not require quotation for engineering quantity puts forward opinion or judgment. But the project will change the situation of construction site, construction organization change, causing the construction cost, profit, management fee rate changes, thus bring the project unit price changes. New valuation mode can realize the real meaning of construction dynamic cost control. In the terms of the contract agreement, both risk and responsibility consciousness strengthens. In the original pricing mode, because the valuation method of single, contract both sides about risks and responsibility consciousness is not strong. New valuation mode, bidding on both sides of the contract price of shared responsibility. The tenderer to provide engineering, engineering quantity change or calculation errors responsibility, bid the unit only to its own quoted price cost, charge. Engineering settlement, according to the actual completion of engineering quantity, according to the agreed measures adjustment. Both sides of the project the understanding to manifest in different ways in the contract price, the tenderer to BOQ, tender side reflected in pricing. In addition, engineering project cost through the detailed list quoted price is clear down, in the future construction process, construction enterprises to obtain the maximum benefit, make use of construction alteration and claim means to pursue additional costs. Therefore, two sides of the contract management consciousness will be greatly enhanced, the terms of the contract agreement will be more careful. Bidding phase of project cost control in three aspects: access to competitive bidding, effective evaluation of the most reasonable quotation, contract to control cost variation. New valuation mode with three aspects of cost control works new content and new emphasis. First engineering quantity list quotation of unified foundation to become competitive bidding guarantee, reasonable low price bid evaluation method without mark bottom so that the selection of more reasonably priced, the terms of the contract and pay more attention to risk the reasonable apportion, pay more attention to the cost dynamic control, pay more attention to the price adjustment and engineering change, claim etc. the promise.The bidding work stage of engineering cost control key The author believes that: compared with the traditional quota + uniform base price fee pricing model of bidding, the engineering quantity list bidding phase of project cost control work should hold good the following:1.focus on engineering quantity list preparation Project volume detailed list is the important part of the bidding documents, bidding units to bid and the foundation of fair competition. Therefore the engineering quantity list must be scientific and reasonable, clear content, objective and fair. The preparation of project quantity list should pay attention to the following points: (1)compilation basis. compilation basis must be a comprehensive understanding of project information, the owners to understand intentions, technical specification, site investigation at the scene, understand the actual conditions of construction ( construction of the site, housing, transportation and other environmental conditions, geological, hydrological, meteorological condition, for ) calculating the engineering quantities to lay a good foundation for the future, to minimize engineering change. (2)The project division. requirement project project division between clear boundaries, project content, process and quality standard of clear, convenient measurement, also easy to quote; project division should be fine, avoiding the uneven quotation. (3)concise and comprehensive list description. Including work content added, specific construction technology requirements, the main material specifications and quality requirements, the construction site conditions, natural conditions and so on. Especially the construction site conditions, natural conditions, should accurate representations for bidders, and their understanding of the situation control. Supporting form should design reasonable, practical and intuitive, have operation sex. That is to make the bidding operation without cumbersome, but also conducive to the evaluation of convenient and fast operation.2 .pay attention to mark the establishment of audit Although the bid price in bid evaluation is only a reference, but is not essential. Bid is still under evaluation bidder cast unit price and total price rationality important reference, is the production of building products consumed by the socially necessary labor valuation, accounting cost basis, contract management is identified in the contract, price adjustment, claims and additional works at the rates and prices of reference. Therefore, the correct calculation of bidding for project cost control has important significance. The pre-tender price levels should be determined in detail many artificial, material, machinery market situation investigation, and master the more the area with similar conditions of similar project cost information, after careful research, analysis, comparison and calculation, as far as possible the project control in similar engineering social average level.3 .attaches the en quiry work, reasonable low price bid After the opening of the tender, bid before the construction project bidding management department under the supervision of the bidders, enquiry. The enquiry, can rule out the possibility of the immaterial, deceptive, excessively extreme and was significantly less than the cost of unreasonable price, avoid error, omission, for bidding on both sides of the issues related to explain to each other, to clarify, to determine a reasonable price of the contract to lay a good foundation to provide a prerequisite. When the evaluation, first to each bid according to file of invite public bidding performance, time limit for a project, offer and other specific requirements specified in the bid invitation documents, and the bidding price adjustment method, to all bidders offer necessary price adjustment, calculates the tender bid price, then according to the bid, the bid evaluation, analysis, further selection of classics evaluation, price reasonable candidates for winning the bid.4 .carefully to determine type of contract In engineering quantity list in bidding of engineering quantity, due to uniform, the type of contract price bidding strategy become the choice of the more important factors. Because the quantities is the expected value, quantities and the actual required quantity difference greatly bring the contract the two sides of the main interests of risk. So the appropriate selection of contract types in favor of a competitive price, can also be reasonable partake in the course of the contract risk. For large and medium-sized construction is usually adopted to unit price contract, total prices contract for contract form. In the contract that the main project is the unit price contract, other parts of the project uses the total price contract. For small scale, technology is not complicated, short period of the project, can adopt lump-sum contract.5 .signed a contract notice On the contract document sections in the bidding process to form supplement, modify, answering questions, enquiry, written summary of the various agreements shall be used as part of the contract documents. Special attention to as payment and settlement based on the engineering quantity list price, should be based on the bid evaluation stage makes a revised rearranged, validation. And should show, which will be completed the engineering calculation for payment, which shall be in the payment.6.on contract terms In the preparation of the terms of the contract, should pay attention to the risks and responsibilities of the contract, the project management into the terms of the contract, as far as possible the risk quantification, responsibility is clear, fair to safeguard the interests of both sides. The main attention to the following provisions: (1)Procedural provisions. The purpose of regulating the settlement of project cost based on the form, the prevention of unnecessary disputes. Procedural provision throughout the contract behavior always. Information exchange program, including the measurement procedures, engineering change procedure, claims processing procedures, payment procedures, dispute settlement procedures. Written note specific steps, the agreed time period. (2)The engineering measurement terms. Focus on the calculation method of contract: ( general according to the net metering ) strictly define measurement content, enhance concealment engineering measurement agreement. Method of measurement by the general engineering parts and engineering characteristics determining, in order to approved project amount, convenient in the calculation of wages payment principle. (3)The price terms, with special attention to the price adjustment clause. A: the contract does not indicate the price, with or without a separate price valuation method. Or the pricing formula, or the principle of valuation. B: project quantity price adjustment. Contract project quantity exceeding the prescribed range of comprehensive unit price adjustment formula. C : the material price greatly changes caused by factors such as price adjustment, agreed to share principle or price adjustment formula. In short, the adjustment of contract price clause must have clear and detailed content, minimize ready to accept either course controversial terms appear, less left alive, for subsequent engineering change settlement development direction, strong operability terms. (4)The duties of both parties in terms of. In order to further define the responsibility, risk quantification, respond to both the proper description of duties. For those who have been foreseeable future ( such as the now often blackout ) and may influence