新目标英语八年级下册导学案.doc

新目标英语八年级下册导学案执笔： 姚芳 审核： 审批： 授课人：姚芳 授课时间： 2011-3-22 学案编号： 003 班级： 姓名： 小组：课题：Unit 4 He said I was hard-working. 课型：新课【学习目标】 1.掌握P26-31黑体单词和重点短语2.理解直接引语和间接引语3.掌握间接引语在中考中的考查重点宾语从句【重难点预见】1.宾语从句常考点：引导词，尤其是if和wether的用法，时态以及语序2.理解间接引语【知识链接】1 归纳形容人物性格及心情的形容词：2.复习由that引导的宾语从句，举例如下：分析that 在句中的用法：【学法指导】1. 课前预习，拼读新单词，练习语音能力2. 课前复习，练习归纳能力3. 课上认真听讲，积极思考，理解新知识，掌握必考知识【学习流程】n 自主学习： 自行朗读并翻译语法焦点的句子，思考直接引语是怎样转换为间接引语的，观察并总结这两种引语的差异，举例说明如下：n 合作探究：考点说明：中考对直接引语和间接引语的要求是理解，能读懂完形填空、阅读理解中的两种引语，但对宾语从句的检测中，会有所涉及，因此本单元的语法重点，趋于掌握宾语从句及其基本用法。下面是宾语从句的详细讲解，请大家认真阅读并掌握考点（运用或背熟）重庆市的中考要求，掌握以下3大方面即可：一、 明确三种类型 宾语从句根据其引导词的不同可分为三种类型： 1. 由连词that引导的宾语从句，如：He said (that) it was Sunday yesterday. 2. 由连词if/whether引导的宾语从句，如： Could you tell me if /whether there will be a test next week?3. 由 which, when等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句，如： I dont know how I can get there.二、 理顺三个步骤 把两个单句组成含有宾语从句的复合句时，合并变化应遵循以下三个步骤：1. 确定引导词 根据从句的句子类型选择正确的引导词。若从句为陈述句，则引导词为that(that在口语中常省略)；若从句是一般疑问句、选择疑问句或反意疑问句，则引导词为if或whether；若从句是特殊疑问句，则引导词由疑问词转化而来的疑问代词/副词。 2. 调整语序 宾语从句永远是陈述句语序。若原句是疑问句式，则应将它调整为陈述句语序。如： 1) Is he going to the shop? I want to know.(改为含宾语从句的复合句) I want to know if/whether he is going to the shop. 2) When does he get up? Do you know? (改为含宾语从句的复合句) Do you know when he gets up? 3. 变换时态 A. 若主句谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句可根据实际情况选用所需要的任何时态。如： 1) He says (that) he will finish the work tomorrow. 2) I think (that) they have already gone to Beijing. B. 若主句谓语动词是一般过去时，则宾语从句动词的时态用过去时的某种形式（如：一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等）。如： 1) She asked if/whether he was leaving for Shanghai soon. 2) He said (that) they had a very good journey. 另外，还需考虑标点的使用和人称的变化。 A. 带宾语从句的主从复合句的标点由主句来决定。若主句是陈述句，则用句号；若主句是疑问句，则用问号。如： 1) When do we arrive? We dont know.(改为含宾语从句的复合句) We dont know when we arrive. 2) What time does the ship leave? Do you know? (改为含宾语从句的复合句) Do you know what time the ship leaves? B. 需变为宾语从句的句子的主语如果是第一人称，则随主句的主语变（主句主语是第几人称，则宾语从句的主语变为第几人称）；如果是第二人称，则随主句的宾语变（主句宾语是第几人称，则宾语从句的主语变为第几人称）；如果是第三人称，则不要变（宾语从句的主语仍用第三人称）。如： 1) Shall I go there? He asked me. (改为含宾语从句的复合句)He asked me if/whether he would go there. 2) Will you go there? He asked me. (改为含宾语从句的复合句) He asked me if/whether I would go there. 3) Will she go there? He asked me. (改为含宾语从句的复合句) He asked me if/whether she would go there.三、加强三点注意 1. 时态不变 当宾语从句的内容是客观事实或科学真理等时，不论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时态。如： The earth goes around the sun. The teacher said. (改为宾语从句) The teacher said (that) the earth goes around the sun. 2. “两副面孔” if和when等既能引导宾语从句，又能引导状语从句。因此，碰到此种情况要认真分析看它们属于“两副面孔”的哪一种。当从句表示将来时, 若引导的是宾语从句，它们的时态常用一般将来时；若引导的是状语从句，它们的时态常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如： 1) I dont know if/when he will come tomorrow.(宾语从句) 2) If/When he comes, hell tell you about it.(状语从句) 3. 从句的简化 A. 当主句谓语动词为hope, wish, decide, choose, agree等，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如： He agreed that he could help me with my English. He agreed to help me with my English. B. 当主句谓语动词为hear, see, watch等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或v-ing形式。如： I heard that some children sang / were singing some songs. I heard some children sing/singing some songs. C. 在疑问词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语相一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。如： I dont know what I should do. I dont know what to do.n 展示提升：完成教材P26-27听力练习口语操练间接引语n 范例参考What did she say?She said she was having a party for Lana on Friday.【达标测评】1.Can you see_?A. what hes reading B. what is he readingC. what does he read D. he reads what2._What did your son say in the letter?_He told me that he_ the Disney would the next dayA.will visit B. has visitedC. is going to visit D. would visit3.He didnt know_A.whats the matter B.what the matter isC. what was the matter D. what the matter was4.Somebody called you just now,but I didnt know_A.who were they B. who they wereC. who was it D. who it was5.I want to know_A.what is his name B. whats his nameC. that his name is D. what his name is 6.-Could you tell me _she is looking for?-Her cousin,susan.A.that B.whose C .who D.which7.-What are you searching the Internet for?-Im trying to find out_.A.What is the difference between SARS and BIRDFLUB.How many persons have died in IraqC.How to protect our environmentD.Why is our Chinese team be able to beat Korea.【自主测评】一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。1. These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong.2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.3.There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know.Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.4.Can they speak French? I want to know.I want to know _ _ _ _ French.5. Are the children playing games? Tell me.Tell me _ the children _ _ games.11. Does he still live in that street? I dont know.I dont know _ he still _ in that street. 12. Whats his name? I asked him. I asked him what _ _ _.13. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.Please tell me _ _ _ _.14. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. He asked the boys _ they _ fried chicken.二 、运用宾语从句语序的知识，完成下列选择填空。( ) 1. What did Mike say? He said _.A. if you are free the next week B. what color was itC. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring( ) 2. Tom asked my friend _.A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moonC. when did he come back D. not to be so angry( ) 3. Let me tell you _.A. how much is the car B. how much does the car costC. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car( ) 4. Peter knew _.A. whether he has finished reading the book B. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris( )5. Could you tell me _? A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in( )6. I cant understand _the boy alone. A. why she left B. why did she leave C. why she had left D. why had she left( )7. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen( )8.I dont know _ up so early last Sunday.A. why did he get B. why he gets C. why does he get D. why he got( )9. The manager came up to see _. A. what was the matter B. what the matter wasC. what the matter is D. whats the matter( )10. He asked his father _. A. where it happens B. where did it happen C. how it happened D. how did it happen( )11. No one tells us_, so we need your help. A. how we should do B. what should we do C. how to do it D. what to do it( )12. Could you please teach me _ the computer. A. how checkB. to checkC. how to checkD. to how checking( )13.They dont know _their parents are. A that B what C why D which( )14. Where do you think _ he _ the TV set? Sorry, Ive no idea. A./, bought B. has, bought C. did, buy D. did bought( ) 15. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _ it would be like in _ five years. A. how, anotherB. what, moreC. how ,otherD. what, another( )16. Could you tell me _? Yes. He _ to the USA. A. where is he/ has been B. where he is/ has gone C. where was he/ has been D. where he was/ has gone( )17. Mike wants to know if _ a picnic tomorrow. Yes. But if it _, well visit the museum instead. A. you have/ will rain B. you will have/ will rain C. you will have/ rains D. will you have/ rains( )18. I really dont know if she _ it when she _. A. finds/ arrives B. finds/ will arrive C. will find/ will arrive D. will find/ arrives( )19.Miss Liu said _ she would leave the message on the headmaster”s desk. A. that B. where C. which D. what( )20. He asked me _. A. who will kick the first goal in the World CupB. when was the APEC meeting heldC. when China became a member of the WTOD. where the 2008 Olympics will be held( )21. In the bookshop , a reader asked the shopkeeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. A. that B. how C. what D. if( )22. You must remember _.A. what your teacher said B. what did your teacher sayC. your teacher said what D. what has your teacher said( )23. I dont know _ . A. which room I can live B. which room can I liveC. which room I can live in D. which room can I live in ( )24.Do you know when he _ back ? Sorry , I dont . When he _back , Ill tell you . A. comes ; comes B. comes ; will comeC. will come ; comes D. will come ; will come( )25 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.A. took B. take C. takes D. will take ( )26 Mary said that she _ to Guangzhou.A. has never gone B. had never gone C