新广州版英语初二上_U3_computers教案讲义与练习.doc

教师： 学生： _ 年级：_学科：_总第 _ 次 _月 _日 U3 computers一 日积月累：1、 stop doing 停止正在做的事stop to do 停止正在做的事去做某事stop sb from doing 阻止某人做2、Thank you for your time. 感谢大家抽出宝贵的时间。3、advice U n. 建议 give advice on 就给出建议 advise v. 建议 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 suggest 都可接动名词作宾语（不能用to do） I suggested putting off the sports meet. 我建议将运动会延期.4、in the past 在过去 in future是从今以后，往后的日子里。是指从说话时间起以后的时间里 in the future 未来，将来。指离说话时间很长一段时间后 二 回顾测评：单项选择1. What should we do now, Mr. Black?Please turn to Page _and look at the _ picture.A. Twelve, fifth B. Twelfth, fifth C. Twelve, five D. Twelfth, five2. There are _ in our classroom.A. hundred of books B. the hundreds of booksC. hundreds of books D. hundred of book3. In figures (数字)， a million is _.A. 10,000 B. 100,000 C. 1,000,000 D. 100,000,0004. There are _ of students in our school but only _ of them are boys.A. hundreds, two hundred B. hundred, two hundredsC. hundreds, two hundreds D. hundred, two hundred5. The road is over _ meters long.A. six hundred and fifty-two B. six hundreds and fifty-twoC. six hundred, fifty-two D. six hundred, fifty and two6. _ plus seven is thirteen.A. Five B. Six C. Eight D. Nine7. The boy has _ model planes.A. two hundreds and fifty-five B. two hundreds fifty-fiveC. two hundred and fifty-five D. two hundred fifty-five8. Id like _, please.A. two bottles of orange B. two bottle of orangesC. two bottles of oranges D. two hundred fifty-five9. Were the students of _.A. Grade Three B. Three Grade C. the Grade Three D. the Three Grade10. David ran _ in the 500 meters race.A. one B. the one C. first D. the firstComputersComputers are useful machines. They can help people _1_ in their daily life. For example, they can help people save time and work out many problems_2_. Today more and more families own computers. Parents buy computers _3_ their children. They hope computers can help their children improve (提高) their studies. Yet _4_ children use computers to play games or watch films instead of _5_ their subjects. So, many teachers and parents complain that computers cant help children study but _6_ them fall behind. So parents always put away the computers and ask _7_ children to study hard. In some countries, even some scientists _8_ hate computers. They say computers make _9_ people lose their jobs and bring them a lot of trouble. Will computers really bring trouble to people or can they bring people _10_? Its up to people themselves.( )1.A. lot of B.lots of C.a lot D.a lot of( )2. A.easy B. easier C.easiest D.easily( )3. A. on B.for C. to D.in( )4. A.too many B.too much C.many too D.much too( )5. A. study B.to study C. studying D.studied( )6. A.makes B.making C.make D.to make( )7. A.they B.their C.them D.themselves( )8. A.also B.too C.in D.with( )9. A. million B.millions C.million of D.millions of( )10. A.happy B.happily C.happiness D.happier三 内容呈现：1. 教学重点：熟练掌握比较级和最高级的用法。2. 教学难点：1）对本单元重点词汇和短语的识记和理解。 2）对练习的错题进行分析和归纳。3. 教学内容：(1) 课内知识：1、order 订购 n. V.The factory has recevied an order for 2,000 machine tools. 该工作收到一笔2000台机床的订单。They have ordered 1,000 oil pumps from our factory. 他们已向我厂订购了1000台油泵。2、compare v 比较；对比If you compare both of our cars,youll find them very much alike. 如果你把我俩的轿车比较一下，就会发现它们很相似。 1） 表示“把与比较”，通常用compare with， 也可以用compare to或compare and 。如：If you his work with/ and/ to hers, youll find hers is much better.要是把他俩的工作比较一下，就会发现她的要好得多。 2) 表示“把比作”，通常用compare to。 如：Shakespeare the world a stage. 莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。3） 表示“比得上，能与媲美”，通常用compare with 或compare to。My English cant with/to his. 我的英语不能与他相比。3、 monitor n. 显示器；班长The is 22 inches. 这台显示器是22英寸的。We all made Linda of our class. 我们都选琳达做我们班的班长。4、 speaker 扬声器 n 演讲者n keyboard 键盘 n mouse 鼠标 n main unit 主机 n 5、 type 打字 nUse the keyboard to in the channel number. 用键盘键入频道号。typist 打字员 n typewriter 打字员 n6、 brain 大脑 n 智力n intelligence 智力 n She suffered serious damage in a car accident. 他出了车祸，脑部受了重伤。She has a very quick and learns fast. 她头脑灵活，学得很快。7、control 控制 n v短语组合： lose control of sth 失去对的控制 under control of 得到控制 out of control 失去控制 in control of sth 掌控；控制 The enemy managed to take of the city. 敌人成功控制了这座城市。 8、expensive 昂贵的；价格高的adj I cant afford such an toy. 我买不起这么贵的玩具。近义词：dear 昂贵的 反义词：cheap 便宜的 inexpensive不贵的；便宜的9、tiny 极小的；微小的 adjThough she was ， she had a very loud voice. 她虽然个头小，嗓音却非常洪亮。反义词：huge10、depend 依靠；依赖 vdepend on 依靠；依赖Ill never anyone again. 我再也不会依赖任何人。11、speed 速度 nHe drove off at hight speed. 他驱车飞驰而去。at a fast speed 以更快的速度 12、calulate 计算 vcalculator 计算机 n calculation 计算 n 13、operate 操作 vShe operates the lift. 她是开电梯的。 *operate 还有如下常见用法A、 表示“ 经营，管理”My dad operates one company and three schools. 我爸爸管理一个公司和三所学校。B、表示“工作（运转）”。如：My computer operates day and night. 我的电脑日日夜夜都开着。C、表示“有效（起作用）”。如：The medicine operated quickly. 药很快就起效了。D、表示“对动手术”，需和介词on 连用。如：The doctors decided to operate on her immediately. 医生们决定立刻给她动手术。14、railway 铁路 n He is going to see his uncle off at the railway station this afternoon. 他打算今天下午去火车站为他的叔叔送行。15、 What can we do with computers? 我们可以用电脑来做什么？with 表示“用”的含义时，后面多跟“使用的工具”。16、work as 从事的工作Computers may work as doctors. 电脑可以充当医生的角色。Do you want to an accountant? 你想当会计吗？17、in the 1940s 在20世纪40年代（19401949）in 1940 在1949年18、In addition 另外，此外（放在句首）Both of us enjoy music. In addition, we both love playing tennis.in addition to 后接名词或动词ing形式。We play football in addition to basketball. 我们除了踢足球外，还打篮球。In addition to giving a ageneral introduction to computers, the course also provides practical experience. 该课程除了大致介绍电脑知识外，还提供实际操作的机会。19、be good at 擅长于（后接名词、代词或ving形式。） be better at 更擅长于1）be good at 意为“擅长”，后接名词、代词或ving形式。Im good at playing chess. 我擅长下象棋。We should be good at learning from each other. 我们应该善于互相学习。Girls are better at English than boys, but boys do better in Maths than girls. 2） be good with意为“灵巧的；与相处得好”。=get on well with3） He is very good with the children. 他与这些孩子处得很好。= He is getting on with the children.She is good with her hands. 她手很巧。3）be good /kind /nice to意为“对好”。反义词 be harmful to, do harm toMy friend was good to me when I was ill. 我生病时我的朋友对我关怀备至。Smoking is harmful to health. 吸烟有害健康。 4）be good for意为 “对有好处”。例如：Eating more vegetables is good for your health. 多吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。注：区分句型Its good for sb. to do sth.Its good of sb. to do sth.= Its kind of sb. to do sth. Its good for your health to drink more water.Its good for your body to take more exercise.Its good of you to help me.= Its kind of you to help me.20、happen to 遭遇、发生在身上，后面常接人。Please tell me if anything happen to him. 请告诉我他是不是出了什么事。21、have nothing to do 无所事事 I had nothing to do the whole afternoon.have nothing to do with 与无关 His books have nothing to do with his life. 他写的书和他的生活无关。2） 语法知识比较级与最高级大部分形容词的比较级和最高级是通过变化词尾来实现的，属于规则变化，但也有少数是不规则变化。1. 比较级和最高级的构成（1） 规则变化单音节和少数双音节形容词规则变化如下：注： 双写形容词词尾字母加-er，-est的常用形容词归纳如下：big fat glad hot red thin 变词尾字母y为i再加-er，-est的常用形容词归纳如下：angry busy dirty early happy hungry lazy lonely lucky noisy unhappy（2） 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级good better bestbad worse worstlittle less leastmuch/many more mostfar farther/further farthest/furthestold older/elder oldest/eldest2. 原级、比较级的用法（1） 两者程度相同的比较 as+ adj.原级+as 和一样 否定句中，用not asas或者not so as 不及 若第一个as后的adj.作定语修饰n.，应将该n.及有关修饰语都放在第一个as之后My sister doesnt make as much money as my brother does.（2） 高于或低于另一方的比较 比较级+than （3） 两者程度不同的其他形式more than (多于)， not more than (不多于)， less than (少于) not less than （不少于）， less adj.+ than （4） 比较级+and+比较级 “越来越”（5） the+比较级，the +比较级 “越，（就）越” 注意：比较级的修饰语 much, even 甚至, (by) far 大大地, a little 有点, a bit 有点, still, yet, a lot 很, a great deal 大大地, twice, five times, many times, two-fifths, 20%3. 最高级的用法（1） 最高级是表示在三者或更多者中程度最高的比较方式。此时运用adj.的最高级，句式为： the+ adj.最高级+n.+表示范围的短语或从句 （in/of+范围） 如：Lucy is the most beautiful girl in her class. Jim is the thinnest of the three boys.特别注意： 介词in和of引导的短语用于比较结构时所表达的范围有所不同： 如果在一定的地域空间内进行比较用in 如果是在同一类事物范围内进行比较用of（2） “最“的其他表达方法 运用比较级表达最高级概念Ann is taller than any other girl in her class.Ann is taller than the other girl in her class.Ann is taller than the rest of girl in her class. 否定句中用“a/an+比较级”表示最高级概念I have never read a better book than this.注: 最高级的修饰语 序数词，（by）far，nearly 几乎，almost 几乎Africa is the second largest continent.Of all the students, Amys writing is almost the best.Yaoming is by far the most active member in their team.形容词的比较级和最高级巩固练习1. The snow storm which hit this area last night was _ in recent years.A. heavy B. heavier C. heaviest D. the heaviest2. I think real cards are _ than e-cards.A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest3. The electric fan can _ blow away the terrible smell in the room, can it?A. easily B. hardly C. quickly D. finally4. I didnt sleep _ last night. I feel tired now.A. well B. nice C. good D. fine5. What bad weather!-Yes. The radio says it will be even _ later on.A. bad B. badly C. worst D. worst6. How far is it to the airport? 20kilomters?-No, its _. About 30 kilometers.A. far B. farther C. the farther D. the farthest7. Lets go to the new restaurant on 24th street for dinner tonight.-We can cook it at home. Its _.A. expensive B. more expensive C. less expensive D. the most expensive8. Henry is a good runner. He runs _ than his friends.A. fast B. faster C. slower D. slowest9. Travelling by car may be _, but not so _.A. quicker, cheaper B. more quickly, cheapC. quick, cheap D. more quick, cheaper10. In this part of the country, water is _ oil.A. so dear as B. as dear as C. dear as D. so dear11. What do you think of Marks composition?-Quite good. But I think yours is _.A. good B. better C. best D. the best12. The _ friends you have, the _ you will be.A. more, happy B. Many, happy C. more, happier D. many, happier13. Did you love your day trip?- Yes, we enjoyed the roller coaster _ of all.A. most B. little C. more D. less14. Does the child need any help?-No. She is _ to dress herself.A. enough old B. young enough C. old enough15. Jimmy used to be a short boy, but now he is _ in his class.A. tall B. taller C. the tallest D. short16. It seems that Alice never wants to do anything except draw pictures. -Right. Thats what she likes to do _.A. more B. less C. most D. least17.-Which color do you like _, blue or green? -Blue.A. good B. better C. best D. the best18. Listening is just as _ as speaking in language learning.A. important B. more important C. most important D. the most important19. Why dont you like winter in Beijing? -Because it is _ winter in Guangzhou.A. as cold as B. much colder thanC. not so cold as D. not colder than20. Look at the model ship.-I know, but is looks a real one. Its just _.A. small B. very small C. smaller D. smallest(2) 巩固与提高：语法专练一、 用所给形容的原籍、比较级或最高级形式填空。1. Which city is _ (small) in China?2. Who is _ (clever), Jane or Kate?3. Exercise One is _ (easy) than Exercise Two.4. Im _ (thin) of the three.5. The film is _ (wonderful) than that one.6. I think the lion is_ (dangerous) of all.7. Paul is not as _(popular) as Mary, but he is _(funny).8. Today Bill gets _ (bad) than yesterday.9. The fur shoes are much _ (expensive) than the leather ones.10. Hes a little _ (late) than me.二、 单项选择1. Which is _ , the moon or the earth?A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest2. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are _ than before.A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest3. He is one of _ in the world.A. the great person B. the greatest personC. the greatest persons D. the great persons4. _ people we help, _ we feel.A. Many, the more happily B. The more, the happierC. All, the happiest D. Most, the most happy5. Supermarkets are necessary. People usually spend _ time finding things they want, but they usually spend _ money than they want.A. less, less B. less, more C. fewer, less D. fewer, more6. Mike has three cars. The black one is _ of the three.A. most good B. the best C. better D. good7. We are glad to see that Guangzhou is developing _ these years than ever before.A. rapidly B. less rapidly C. more rapidly D. the most rapidly8. The air in Guangzhou is getting much _ now than a few years ago.A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleanest9. Gina, did you do _ in the girls long jump?-Yes, I won the first place.A. longest B. farthest C. highest D. best10. Do you like English?-Yes. But I think its _ subject of all.A. the easiest B. The most difficultC. the most interesting D. the most boring四：小结与作业：Unit3 单元测验一、 单项选择1. Do these dresses _ ?- A little. But the design and color arent attractive. (吸引).A. sell good B. sell well C. sell out D. sell soon2. I used to work _ a nurse in a hospital.A. to B. on C. for D. as3. Basketball is a kind of _ sport. Many students like to play it class.A. popular B. tiring C. difficult D. boring4. We spent all our money because we stayed at the most expensive hotel in town.-Why didnt you stay at _ one?A. a cheap B. a cheaper C. the cheap D. the cheaper5. You might _ many hidden “computers” in your home.A. are unaware of B. is unaware of C. am unaware of D. be unaware of6. Paper-making is _ of ancient China.A. one of greatest inventor B. one of the greatest inventorsC. one of greatest invention D. one of the greatest inventions7. What does your brother look like now?-Oh, he is much _ than before.A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. too strong8. He is an honest man to _.A. keep on B. get on C. depend on D. decide on9. Id like to make Xiao Sun _ the report.Dont trouble her. She has no time _ it.A. to type, to do B. type, doing C. type, to do D. type, do10. -If you have any trouble, be sure to call me.-_.A. I am sorry to hear that B. I will. Thank you very muchC. I have no trouble D. I will think it over二、 语法选择We are all busy taking about and using the Internet, but how many of us know the history of the Internet？Many people are _1_ when they find that the Internet was set p in the 1960s. At that time, computers _2_ large and expensive. Computer networks(网络) didnt work well. If one computer in the network _3_ down, the whole network stopped. _4_ a new network system (系统) had to be set up. It should be _5_ to be used by many different computers. If part of the network was not working, _6_ could be sent through another part. In this way computer network system would keep on _7_ all the time.How