汽车制造业专业术语.doc

Process Sheet TermsLast Modified 23-OCT-2006Process A system of people, equipment, methods and materials that produces a product or service. A process implies action and the creation of products, ideas information or services. Deliverable and Deliverable Destination Deliverables are outputs of the work performed in a process step. The Destination Target Processes are all process steps that require the deliverable, whether from immediately succeeding (successor) or downstream process steps. Input Inputs are all deliverables required to accomplish the process step, whether from immediately preceding or upstream process steps (source processes). Predecessor Predecessors are any immediately preceding process steps whose deliverable(s) are required to accomplish this process step. Successor Successors are any immediately succeeding process steps that require the deliverable(s) from this process step. Enabler A resource or capability that makes a new process feasible. Can be in the form of Process, Technology or People enablers. Process Executor Title of person completing a task. Process Owner Title of manager or activity responsible for assigning Process Executor(s) to a task. -A- A/S (Added Starter)Product change that occurs other than at a model year Job #1 date that is initiated by: New PDL PDL releases new option combination never built Removal of an option from current production Postponement of a Job #1 action to post Job #1 ABSAffordable Business Structure - A customer driven, total cost planning process that defines the profit target by cost element for every vehicle by region, as well as aligning cost objectives across functions and vehicle lines. Advanced Product Quality Planning (APQP)A structured method of defining and establishing the steps necessary to ensure that a product satisfies the customer. AETPAutomotive Engine Test Procedure Appearance Concept Total vehicle including appearance, proportions and package, which defines the character and personality of the vehicle. Appearance Concept FeasibilityAn assessment of an Appearance Concept that guides development to achieve program targets prior to final Customer Surface approval. Appearance ProportionsThe silhouette, stance, and greenhouse of the vehicle, which set the character. APQPSee Advanced Product Quality Plan Architecture - PowertrainRefers to configuration of P/T System and major sub-systems; FWD/RWD/4WD; Front/Mid/Rear Engine/Transaxle; N-S vs. E-W Engine/Transaxle configuration; Engine number of Cylinders/Arrangement, i.e. V8, I4; Automatic Transmission number of speeds; Manual Transmission number of speeds. Assembly Labor CostsAssembly plant variable labor and overhead costs incurred for vehicle assembly. These costs are calculated by multiplying the number of hours required to assemble a vehicle by the base wage and per unit variable overhead cost. These costs include: Direct labor cost required to assemble a vehicle Indirect labor cost including fringe, variable overhead costs and variable overtime premium costs Attribute (Vehicle)Customer/Corporate/Regulation driven vehicle level parameter used to define vehicle behavior and characteristics. Attribute Lab/Rig TestThe ability to test component, sub-system and system attribute only. Attribute Prototype (AP)A production vehicle of any make/model, with parts designed to evaluate or provide direction for a specific vehicle attribute. An AP is also used to validate component/subsystem characteristics at a high confidence of meeting attribute targets. What it is not: CP level vehicle. Attribute Requirement List (ARL) 1 for each key attribute. Contains all corporate, regulatory and customer vehicle level requirements for a specific attribute. Attribute TargetThe translation results of the customer/corporate/regulatory parameters defining specific vehicle behavior and characteristics, into the 15 corporate vehicle attributes as targets. The 15 attribute targets are: 1) Package/Ergonomics, 2) Styling/Appearance, 3) Customer Life Cycle, 4) Vehicle Dynamics, 5) Noise, Vibration, Harshness, 6) Performance, Fuel Economy and Driveability, 7) Interior Climate Control, 8) Security, 9) Customer-Visible Electrical Features, 10) Thermal/Aerodynamics, 11) Product/Process Design Compatibility, 12) Cost, 13) Weight, 14) Safety and 15) Emissions. Automated Cycle PlanThe Automated Cycle Plan is a mechanized process to assist the cycle planning process with improved cost, investment, and resource information based on an 800 line item CPSC model (using previous program information as the database). Average Options CostSum of average cost for all vehicle line options/series. Multiplying the option variable cost by the installation rate for that option derives the average cost for an option. Average Options MRSMultiplying the option retail revenue by the installation rate for that option derives sum of average retail revenue for all vehicle line options/series - the average vehicle retail revenue effect for an option. AWDAll Wheel Drive -B- Base Vehicle Parts CostsCost of all end items delivered to the assembly plant. This includes part costs for both in sourced and outsourced parts. Base Vehicle Manufacturers Suggested Retail Price (MSRP) Base vehicle sticker price (not necessarily the amount the customer pays for the base vehicle). BenchmarksPoint of reference from which measurements can be made, or something that serves as a standard against which others may be measured. BICBest In Class BIWBody In White BODBoard of Directors BOMBill of Material Bookshelf - CommodityThe Commodity Bookshelf is a resource that supports Vehicle Programs by providing detailed designs of proven components, sub-systems and systems. It is: Proven high confidence production system, sub-system or component that can be applied to a current or forward model year program with identified benefits (i.e., quality, reliability, durability, etc.), Implementation Ready Technology with identified benefits (e.g. technology supplies increased power and fuel economy output with identified variable cost increase), Production and Implementation Ready Technology CAE/CAD and Parametric models (for system, sub-system and component). It is not: All carryover production systems, sub-systems or components (i.e., low quality, high cost components), Concept Ready Technologies (i.e., Bookshelf content will not require design and development), Corporate Knowledge (i.e., Lessons Learned, Concept Ready Technologies, etc.) BOP (Bill of Process) BroadcastProcesses Sales Orders through the manufacturing suite of systems. This consists of the following: 1. Marries Sales Order Coding to WERS codes allowing material to flow. (See MFAL definition.) 2. Adds value to the Sales Order for a small number of features that are not orderable. 3. Edits in coming Sales Orders to ensure engineering intent is met. 4. Provides build instructions to assembly plant line operators for each order. 5. Provides weight information for the generation of the Vehicle CERT Label. 6. Provides Sales invoicing with fuel economy data. BUBuild Up Bulk Material CostsVariable costs for materials such as paints, weld sealers, mastics, stick on sound deadeners, etc., which are purchased in bulk quantities. -C- C3PCAD/CAM/CAE/PIM. A strategy that links and integrates processes and software tools for computer aided design (CAD), computer aided manufacturing (CAM) and computer aided engineering (CAE) through global product information management (PIM). CADComputer Aided Design CAD the MasterA combination of 3D geometry and text sufficient to define the product that is developed electronically. CAEComputer Aided Engineering. The use of computers in analyzing and optimizing product designs and manufacturing processes. CAFECorporate Average Fuel Economy CAIDComputer Aided Industrial Design CAID the MasterA three dimensional electronic file which replaces clay models as the master control file. It is a mathematical surface that defines the appearance concept Class 1 Surface definition(s). Capacity PlanningA process that aligns the Companys and suppliers manufacturing and assembly capacity with customer requirements Carryover (C/O) A vehicle component or sub-system from current or previous model years. CascadeThe processes of linking requirements between teams that have common targets or that require inter team efforts in order for the targets to be met. CB/IBContinuous Build/Integrated Build Change Cutoff. CDSComponent Design Specification - Included in SDS (System Design Specification) CEPRCommon Engineering Planning Report CETPCorporate Engineering Test Procedures Change Cutoff ( Milestone)The FPDS Change Cut-off milestone is the point in a vehicle program where the Program Team declares engineering is complete, the Job #1 date will be met and all Suppliers are authorized to execute the launch plan. ChunkSee System. Class I surfaceAll interior/exterior visible surfaces created by industrial designers and mastered in a CAID file (including first RADII and corners). Class I (A)Class 1 surface data within +/- 0.5mm for cutter path only. Class I (B)Math data ready for cutter path Class I Surface Compatibility Reviews The formal team review and sign-off of component Class I Surfaces represented by physicals or computer models (when available). The team, consisting of VC Engineering, Corporate Design, VO Stamping & Assembly, FSS & Program Management review the components for Surfaces generated to design intent, holes & flat spots, fit & finish (craftsmanship), highlights. Class I & II surfaces are visible to the customer. Class II surfaceFormations of Class I surface and surface created by AVT/VC teams (i.e. door shut face, door opening panel, deck lid trough) Class III surfaceAll non-visible surfaces. Clinic (Marketing)Marketing research tool where Focus Groups (sample of population representative of the customer base for the vehicle/segment being researched) are shown drawings/renderings/bucks/ full-scale models, etc. and customer input is obtained. The intent is to obtain the voice of the customer (VOC) and confirm customer wants. CMMSCommon Manufacturing Management System. A paperless communication system between Ford and its suppliers using electronic mail and standardized electronic forms. This system is used to communicate Advance Ship Notices to plants for just-in-time production. CNEChief Nameplate Engineer CNVQCompetitive New Vehicle Quality CNVQSCompetitive New Vehicle Quality Survey. North American survey of new vehicle buyers to assess customer satisfaction. Coarse Appearance FeasibilityThe manufacturing/engineering feasibility within a range that freezes hard points and supports the final appearance design. CommodityA class of parts or components used on most vehicle produced by Ford. Commodity Business Plan - Supplier Integration A summary of key sourcing and capacity plans for in-house and outsourced systems/components to support product development. Plans also address key details regarding technology deployment, complexity reduction, and in-house labor strategies. Commodity Business Plan - Pre A summary of the key sourcing and capacity plans for in-house and outsourced parts/components/commodities to support Product Development. Plans will also address key details regarding technology deployment, complexity reduction, and in-house labor strategies. Comparator VehicleA known Ford vehicle selected for use in financial analysis of vehicle/systems and/or for engineering comparisons of functional attributes. A production Ford vehicle to be used as a balanced attribute baseline that supports the target cascading process. Compatibility Build - Manufacturing & Tooling Slow build of vehicles to validate the assembly process (i.e. component fit issues, assembly tooling/line issues) ComponentThe lowest level of a part that has a part number. An end item may consist of multiple components. Component releases typically are chosen to help support servicing a customers vehicle. Confirmation Prototype A team event in the FPDS process associated with the completion of the first prototype vehicle built from WERS production authority released material, from prototype or production tooling, assembled using the production processes and used to tune and confirm the Job #1 product content. CP vehicles are completely representative of a production-released design. Their intended usage is for DVP&R Confirmation, Assembly Prove out, Final Vehicle Tuning, Fit & Finish Evaluation, and Durability & Certification Testing. Confirmation Prototype - Vehicle Engineering CP Vehicle: Prototype vehicles that are completely representative of production released design. Their intended usage is for DVP&R Confirmation, Assembly Prove out, Final Vehicle Tuning, Fit & Finish Evaluation, Durability & Certification Testing. Control FactorsFeatures of the design that can be changed by the engineer (i.e., dimensions, shapes, materials, etc.). Corporate MemoryProcess for collecting, maintaining and making available best methodology / design / processes / data to enable reusability and efficiency for Product Development / Manufacturing / Service / etc. Application and advanced groups would feed back recommendations associated with the pros and cons of the information contained within corporate memory. Core groups such as AVT and Advanced Manufacturing would be responsible for managing and controlling the information contained within corporate memory. (CP) Confirmation Prototype. Timing of this team event coincides with the delivery of the first CP vehicle build. CPAT Capacity Planning Activity Team Capacity Planning Attribute Team CPMTComponent Program Module Team CPSCCorporate Product System Classification - System used for classifying parts. There are 20 CPSC systems, and each system ha s sub-system. The CPSC code consists of three fields of two digits each (i.e., 01.09.02) CRCorporate Relations/Cost Reductions/Control Relay/Concern/Concept Readiness CraftsmanshipCraftsmanship is the art and execution of quality. It is/are the vehicle attribute(s) which capture(s) the customer perception of quality design and workmanship through sight, sound, smell and tactile senses. More specifically Craftsmanship encompasses the following: 1) The congruency of design, engineering, manufacturing and assembly with the vehicle image perceived through the consumers senses. 2) To be well crafted, the customer perception of a vehicle should be communicated through sight, touch, sound, smell and fit/finish, with the overall impression that the manufacturer has paid special attention to making it right. 3) It is the relative appearance and performance of the design, product engineering, manufacturing/assembly, and quality as measured by the Craftsmanship Learning Center through indicators such as customer satisfaction, FCPA, TGW, warranty, etc. Craftsmanship (Snapshot) ModelsModels of typical problem areas of vehicles, i.e. for fit and flushness evaluation at intersections of multiple panels. Craftsmanship models can be made as fixed models or adjustable. Depending on the evaluation required, Class 1 surface data can vary from +/- 0.5 mm to +/- 0.0 mm tolerances. CRCR ReportConcern Report Change Request Report CRIDCost Reduction Idea Database CTISCorporate Technical Information System Customer CashAdvertised cash rebates for retail buyers. Customer Desirability Index (CDI)The Customer Desirability Index (CDI) is a customer assigned rating of desirability for each Customer Want relative to every other want. Determining the CDI is the next step after establishing a list of Customer Wants. CVSPCorporate Vehicle Simulation Program - A low frequency vehicle simulation program that provides projections of fuel economy, emissions, performance and energy utilization for planned and existing vehicles. -D- D&DDelivery and Destination D&RDesign and Release Data Control ModelsThree dimensional model representations of all interior and exterior parts with Class 1 surfaces, made from 100% CAD electronic surface information, milled using dense urethane foam and painted with high gloss paint (no hand work surface modifications). The purpose of the Data Control Models is to verify the electronic CAD surface data meets all program requirements. DBT - Deliverables Based TemplateDBT - Deliverables Based Template: all of the deliverables related to one of the QOS deliverables and subsequently assigned a number that includes the completion milestone. This template was eliminated in 2002 based on advances in MS Project functionality (i.e. outline feature codes). DCPDimensional Control Plans Dealer-to-Wholesale DiscountDiscount off MSRP offered to the dealer. It is the difference between the price Ford sells the vehicle to the dealer and the recommended retail