中医英语课件整理

精品文库 中医英语整理资料Chapter 1 Yin-yang and five phase theory11Basic terms and phrases in yin-yang and five phase theory欢迎下载l 阴阳学说Yin-yang theoryl 精气学说Essential qi theoryl 五行学说Five phase( element) theoryl 相生 engendering( wood engenders fire; Fire engenders earth)l 相克( restraining( Earth restrains water, Water restrains fire)l 相乘 overwhelming( 或 over-acting)l 相侮 rebellion( 或insulting)l 母子相及 mother and child affecting each otherl 母气mother qil 子气 child qil 虚 deficiencyl 实 excessl 表 exteriorl 里 interiorl 热 heatl 寒 coldl 阴盛yin exuberance阴盛阳衰Yin exuberance with yang debilitation阳盛阴衰Yang exuberance with yin debilitation阴阳是事物的两类属性Yin and yang are the fundamental categories of all phenomena.背属阳， 腹属阴；The back is yang and the abdomen is yin.六腑属阳，五脏属阴The six bowels are yang and the five viscera are yin.气属阳， 血属阴表、 实、热 证属阳，里、虚 、寒 属阴Exterior, excess and heat disease patterns are yang , while interior, deficiency and cold disease patterns are yin.阴阳互根 mutual rooting of yin and yang阳根于阴， 阴根于阳Yang has its root in yin; yin has its root in yang.阴损及阳Detriment to yin affects yang阳损及阴Detriment to yang affects yin.肝阳上亢Ascendant hyperactivity of liver yang阳胜则阴病， 阴胜则阳病；If yang abounds, yin ails and if yin abounds, yang ails.阳胜则热， 阴胜则寒When yang prevails, there is heat and when yin prevails there is cold.寒胜则痛 when cold prevails, there is pain.升清降浊 upbearing the clear and downbearing the turbid邪之所凑， 其气必虚For pathogens to encroach, qi must be deficient ( translated by Nigel Wiseman)大肠主津，小肠主液The large intestine governs fluid while the small intestine governs humor.夺血者无汗， 夺汗者无血。Despoliation of blood diminishes sweat, and despoliation of sweat diminishes blood.衄家不可发汗， 亡血家不可发汗。Patients suffering from nosebleeds may not be made to sweat and patients suffering from blood collapse may not be made to sweat.12治疗学（ Therapeutics）l 散 dissipatel 理 regulatel 清 clearl 泻 purge l 敛 constrainl 润 moistenl 补 tonifyl 滋 enrichl 养 nourishl 健 fortifyl 固 securel 解 releasel 涩 astringel 祛 dispell 温 warml 益 replenishl 除 eliminatel 滋 enrichl 化 resolvel 化痰 resolve phlegml （转）化 transforml 肝阳化火 liver yang transforming into firel 肝阳化风 liver yang transforming into windl 疏 soothing( 动词原形：soothe)l 疏肝理气 soothe the liver and regulate qil 疏肝养血 soothe the liver and nourish the bloodl 疏肝健脾 soothe the liver and fortify the spleenl 疏肝和胃 soothe the liver and harmonize the stomachl 温补命门 warm and tonify the life gatel 解表 release the exteriorl 清法 clearing methodl 清肝火clear liver firel 清热和胃clear heat and harmonize the stomachl 泻火 purge firel 泻肝 purge the liverl 泻心 purge the heartl 润肠Moisten the intestinesl 温胃warm the stomachl 温中warm the middlel 温中散寒warm the middle to dissipate coldl 温中和胃warm the middle to harmonize the stomachl 温阳行水warm yang to move waterl 温经止痛warm the meridian to relieve painl 散淤dissipate the stasisl 散寒dissipate coldl 潜阳subdue yangl 平肝潜阳pacify the liver to subdue yangl 宣肺止咳 diffuse the lung to suppress coughl 宣肺平喘 diffuse the lung to calm pantingl 宣肺化痰 diffuse the lung to resolve phlegml 补气生血 tonify qi and engender bloodl 补养心血tonify and nourish heart bloodl 滋阴补阳 enrich yin and tonify yangl 虚者补之Treat deficiency with( or by）tonification 或Deficiency is treated with (or by) tonificationl 寒者热之Treat cold with heatl 热者寒之Treat heat with coldl 扶正祛邪 reinforce the healthy qi and eliminate the pathogenic factors.l 八法 eight methodsl 扶正reinforce the healthy qi l 祛邪eliminate the pathogenic factors. 祛风剂 wind-dispelling formula清暑剂 summerheat-clearing formula安神剂 tranquilizing formula补益剂 tonifying and replenishing formula理血剂 blood-regulating formula 13 Syndrome differentiationl 辨证pattern identification/syndrome differentiationl 阴阳辨证yin-Yang pattern identification/syndrome differentiationl 阴阳失调证pattern/syndrome of yin-yang disharmonyl 阴证 yin pattern/syndromel 阴虚证yin deficiency pattern/syndromel 阴阳两虚pattern/syndrome of dual deficiency of yin and yangl 阴虚火旺证pattern/syndrome of yin deficiency with effulgent firel 阴虚水停证pattern/syndrome of yin deficiency with water retentionl 阴虚湿热证pattern/syndrome of yin deficiency with dampness-heatl low fever, night sweating( night sweats), flushed cheeks in the afternoon, vexing heat in the chest, palms and soles, a bitter and greasy taste in the mouth, reddened tongue with yellow slimy fur and rapid fine pulsel 表证exterior patternl sudden onset, aversion to cold or to wind, fever, headache, generalized pain, thin tongue fur and floating pulsel 半表半里证half-exterior half-interior pattern/syndromel bitter taste in the mouth, dry throat, nausea and loss of appetite, string-like pulsel 表虚证exterior deficiency pattern/syndromel reluctance to speak, lassitude, palpitation, dizziness, tinnitus, decreased food intake, weak pulsel 表寒证 exterior cold patternl 表热证 exterior heat patternl 里热证 interior heat patternl 表热里寒 pattern of exterior heat and interior cold Chapter 2 Qi, blood, essence and fluid and humor21 Basic termsl 津液fluid and humorl 伤津 damage to fluidl 先天之气 innate qi (prenatal qi)l 先天之精innate essence l 后天之气acquired qil 后天之精 acquired essencel 正气 healthy qil 邪气 pathogenic qil 元气 primordial qi ( source qi)l 卫气 defensive qil 营气nutrient( nutritive) qil 脏气 visceral qil 腑气 bowel qil 血虚blood deficiencyl 肝藏血the liver stores the blood.l 脾统血the spleen manages the blood.l 血主濡之blood governs nutrition.l 血热blood heatl 血为气之母blood is the mother of qil 血瘀blood stasisl 瘀血static bloodl Essence is the basis of the bodyl acquired essencel essence of water and foodl reproductive essence( innate essence)l 气为血之帅Qi is the commander of the blood.l 气能生血Qi engenders blood.l 气能行血Qi moves blood.l 气能摄血Qi contains blood.l 气不摄血 Qi deficiency failing to control bloodl 气脱 qi collapsel 气闭 qi blockl 气滞 qi stagnationl 气逆 qi counterflowl 气陷 qi sinkingl 气机不利 inhibited qi movement （或 inhibited qi dynamics）l 三焦 triple energizersl 上焦 upper energizerl 中焦 middle energizerl 下焦 lower energizerl 筋骨 sinews and bonesl 血气不和，百病乃而生l If blood and qi fall into disharmony, a hundred diseases may arise.l 气主煦之， 血主濡之 Qi invigorates and blood nourishes.l Human life depends on this qi.l When qi gathers, the physical body is formed; when it disperses, the body diesl 中焦受气，取汁， 变化为赤， 是谓血l The miraculous pivot states: “ the middle energizer takes in qi, extracts its essence, and turns it into the red substance that is blood.”l 肝受血而能视；足受血能步；掌受血能握；指受血而能摄。l The liver receives blood, so there is sight; the legs receive blood and thus are able to walk; the hands receive blood and so are able to grip; the fingers receive blood and then are able to grasp.l 中焦之所受气者， 泌其糟粕， 蒸津液， 化其精微，上行于肺脉， 乃化而为血， 以奉生身，莫贵于此， 故独得行于经隧，命曰营气。l From the qi that the middle energizer takes in, it produces waste and distills fluids from which it extracts the essence. This then flows into the lung meridian where it is transformed into blood which furnishes the needs of the body. Its preciousness is unexcelled by anything. It flows through the blood vessels and is known as nutrient qi.22 Symptomsl 血虚证:证见面白无华或萎黄、唇色淡白、爪甲苍白、头晕眼花、心悸失眠、手足发麻、舌淡苔白、脉细无力 l blood deficiency pattern/syndromeCommonly-seen symptoms in blood deficiency syndrome are: pale(lusterless) or sallow complexion, pale lips and nails, dizziness, dimmed vision, insomnia, palpitations, numbness of extremities, pale tongue and white tongue fur and fine (forceless) pulse.l 面色淡白或晦滞，身倦乏力，气少懒言，疼痛如刺，常见于胸胁，痛处不移，拒按，舌淡暗或有紫斑，脉沉涩。Pale white or dull, dark complexion, lassitude and lack of strength, shortage of qi with no desire to talk, unpalpable stabbing pain frequently seen in rib-side(s) of fixed location, pale tongue or with purple speckles, sunken and rough pulse.l Blood collapses patterna critical pattern occurring in cases of acute massive bleeding, marked by pallor, dizziness, palpitations, faint and short breathing, cold extremities and even mental confusion, pale tongue, hardly perceptible pulse.l Blood stasis patternA pattern marked by formation of visible painful and tender mass, or abdominal mass with stabbing pain and tenderness, or bleeding of blood with clots, irregular pulse.l Blood heat pattern A pattern that occurs when exuberant pathogenic heat enters the blood aspect and is manifested by fever, nose-bleeds, vomiting of blood, expectoration of blood , bloody stool, skin eruptions, or advanced periods with profuse bright-red menstrual discharge, vexation, or even delirium and convulsions, deep crimson tongue and rapid string-like pulse.l 咳嗽 coughl 干咳 dry coughl 干呕 dry retchingl 呕吐 vomitingl 吐酸 acid vomitingl 呃逆 hiccupl 嗳气 belchingl 恶心 nauseal 久病 enduring disease（illness）l 体质虚弱 weak constitutionl 营养不良 malnutritionl 劳倦overexertion and fatiguel 食欲不振 poor appetitel 消化不良 indigestionl 胸闷 oppression in the chestl 脱肛 prolapse of the rectuml 大量失血 heavy blood lossl 血液生成 blood formationl 面色 complexionl 面色萎黄 sallow facial complexionl 面黄 yellow complexionl 面色苍白 pale complexionl 面色淡白 pale white complexion (注意)l 面色晦暗 dull，dark complexionl 头晕 dizzinessl 心悸 palpitationl 惊悸 fright palpitationsl 心慌 flusterednessl 健忘 forgetfulness (amnesia)l 无泽 lusterlessl 失眠 insomnial 心烦vexationl 烦热 heat vexationl 手足烦热 vexing heat in the extremitiesl 手足心热 heat in the palms and solesl 五心烦热 vexing heat in the chest, palms and solesl 身重 heavy bodyl 身痒 generalized itchingl 身痛 generalized painl 麻木（不仁）numbnessl 钝痛dull pain l 耳痛ear painl 目痛 eye painl 胸痛chest painl 胃痛stomach painl 腹痛abdominal painl 足跟痛heel painl 胀痛distending painl 刺痛stabbing painl 冷痛cold painl 灼痛scorching painl 固定痛 fixed painl 剧痛 severe painl 痛无定处 pain of unfixed locationl 耳鸣 tinnitus l 口渴 thirstl 口干 dry mouthl 口淡 bland taste in the mouthl 口苦bitter taste in the mouthl 口甜sweet taste in the mouthl 口酸sour taste in the mouthl 口涩astringent taste in the mouthl 口咸 salty taste in the mouthl 口麻 numbness in the mouthl 口粘腻 sticky slimy sensation in the mouthl 宿食 retained foodl 嗜偏食 dietary predilectionl 五味偏嗜 flavor predilectionl 饮食不节 dietary irregularitiesl 嗳气 belchingl 便溏 sloppy stool（or loose stools）l 水泻 watery diarrheal 里急后重 tenesmusl 儒泄 soggy diarrheal 便脓血 stool containing pus and bloodl 大便干硬hard bound stooll 小便不利 inhibited urinationl 小便频数 frequent urinationl 小便涩痛 difficult painful urinationl 小便浑浊 turbid urinel 小便短少 short voidings of scant urinel 小便短赤 short voidings of reddish urinel 小便清长 long voidings of clear urinel 沉脉 sunken pulsel 数脉 rapid pulsel 细脉 fine pulse( thready pulse)l 洪脉 surging pulse( flooding pulse)l 弦脉string-like pulsel 濡脉 soggy pulsel 微脉 faint pulsel 浮脉floating pulsel 缓脉moderate pulsel 淡白舌pale tonguel Red tongue红舌l Purple tongue紫舌 l pale red tongue淡红舌l blue tongue青舌l bluish purple tongue青紫舌l crimson tongue绛舌l 舌苔 tongue furl 白苔 white furl 黄苔 yellow furl 燥苔dry furl 厚苔thick furl 粘腻苔 sticky slimy furl 谵语 delirious speechl 错语 disordered speechl 恶寒 aversion to coldl 畏寒 fear of coldl 自汗 spontaneous sweatingl 盗汗 night sweating ( night sweats)l 冷汗cold sweatingl 神疲 lassitude of spiritl 乏力 lack of streng