北外大学英语3练习题.doc

单选题1. When we talk about “parts of speech”, we know that a describing word we use to describe a noun is a/an _; a word that can be used instead of a noun is a/an _; a word used in front of a countable or uncountable noun is a/an _. A、 pronoun, article, adjective B、 article, adjective, pronoun C、 adjective, article, pronoun D、 adjective, pronoun, article 答案与解析：D TB Task 3, p 6 本句直接出自课本，考查“词性”的定义。2. The new secretary is quick and _. Since she came, the _ of the department has been increased. A、 efficient, efficiency B、 efficiency, efficient C、 effective, effect D、 efficient, effect 答案与解析：A 这句主要考查了词类和近似词的区别。Efficient是形容词，意思是“效率高的”；而efficiency是名词，意思是“效率”。Effect是名词，“效果，结果”。Effective, “有效的”，一般是某物做主语，或者修饰“物”，比如：The new medicine is very effective in treating cough.3. The following sentence has four underlined parts marked with A, B, C, and D. Please choose the one that is not appropriately used.It pays off to spend time and money on physical exercises. A B C DA、 pays off B、 spend C、 on D、 exercises. 答案和解析：A It pays to do sth. 意为“做是有益的”，是较为固定的说法。而pay off表示“还清、做成功”，比如：He finally paid his overdraft off. (他最后终于还清了透支额。) Teamwork paid off. (团队合作很有成效。)4. The following sentence has four underlined parts marked with A, B, C, and D. Please choose the one that is not appropriately used.A group of volunteers is going to swim cross the English Channel tomorrow to raise money A B Cfor the blind people. DA、 is B、 swim cross C、 raise D、 the blind people 答案和解析：B cross可用作动词或者名词，这里应该用介词across（穿过，越过），本句把二者混淆在一起。raise money是“募款”的意思。5. I found it _ to concentrate on my work at the weekend. I _ had an idea when the phone rang. Then I decided to work _ in the following week. A、 hardly, hard, hard B、 hard, hardly, harder C、 hard, hard, harder D、 hardly, hardly, hard 答案与解析：B 这个题考查的是hard词性的变化。Hardly是副词，意思是“几乎不”；而hard可以是形容词也可以是副词。做形容词时基本意思是“困难的，坚硬的”；作副词时是“努力地、费劲地”。这道题第一个空应该填形容词；第二个空应该填副词；第三个空应该填副词的比较级形式。6. While _ the play show, the students had to refer to the scripts for details _, for they _ their lines only two days ago. A、 getting ready for, for now, look up B、 preparing for, as well, read through C、 getting ready for, from time to time, look up D、 preparing for, from time to time, read through 答案与解析：D be preparing for表示“在准备”，而“getting ready for”表示“已经准备好了”。但是get prepared for也表示“已经准备好了”。scripts, 剧本。read through 通读一遍。7. The following sentence has four underlined parts marked with A, B, C, and D. Please choose the one that is not appropriately used.I decided to carry on with taking that course, although it required lots of work and the professor was A B Cvery demanding. DA、 carry on with B、 although C、 required D、 demanding 答案与解析：A carry on意思是“继续”，后面可以接动词的-ing形式或名词；carry on with后面只能接名词，比如：I decided to carry on with my course. （我决定继续修我的课程。）本句中with属多余。demanding意思是“苛刻的”。8. If you meet _ new word and you are not sure what _ means, try to infer the meaning of _ new word from _ way it is used. A、 a, it, the, the B、 the, that, a, a C、 a, it, this, a D、 the, it, the, the 答案与解析：A p3/task 1 这句主要考查冠词和代词。名词第一次出现时前面要用不定冠词a或an，以后再提到这个词时要用定冠词the。Way后面有修饰成分“it is used”所以前面要用定冠词the。9. He spent several days in the wind and snow, _ and _. A、 coldly, hungrily B、 cold, hungrily C、 cold, hungry D、 coldly, hungry 答案与解析：C 张道真语法307页 形容词可以直接做状语。coldly是副词，意思是“冷酷地、冷漠地”，例如：Janet looked at him coldly. Hungrily是副词，意为“贪婪地”。10. You can improve your spoken English by practicing a lot, _ dont depend on meeting native speakers, _ it is often hard to meet foreigners in real life _ foreigners sometimes may not wish to be “used” by you. A、 and, but, because B、 but, and, because C、 but, because, and D、 and, because, but 答案与解析：C SB, Task 8, p 21 本题主要考查辨析句间逻辑关系的能力。意为：你可以通过大量练习来提高英语口语，但不能依靠英语为母语的人，因为生活中很难遇到讲英语的人，况且有时候他们也不愿被你利用”。11. You may _ a new word while reading if it does not hinder your understanding, but make sure you do not _ those words which are very important. A、 focus on, neglect B、 ignore, focus on C、 neglect, ignore D、 ignore, neglect 答案与解析：D ignore和neglect都有“忽略”的意思，但ignore是“有意识”地“忽略”，而neglect则是“无意识”地“忽视、疏忽”。所以，整句的意思是：如果一个生词不妨碍理解，就可以忽略这个词的意思；但是一定不要忽视那些重要的词。12. Diana and Charles met each other _ their friends birthday party. At that time, Diana was _ a black evening gown sitting _ a group of girls. Charles noticed her while walking _ the stairs. A、 in, in, with, along B、 at, in, among, down C、 at, in, with, on D、 in, at, among, through 答案与解析：B at 表地点或者场合，例如at the conference/meeting。In用在“服装”或者“颜色”之前，表示穿着；among和with都可以；down除了表示“沿着”，也表示“沿着而下”。13. The following sentence has four underlined parts marked with A, B, C, and D. Please choose the one that is not appropriately used.The Tsunami Disaster caused massive life loss in the stricken areas. It as well as called on the A B C worlds attention to the lack of an early warning system in Indian Ocean region. DA、 massive B、 the stricken areas C、 as well as D、 an early warning system 答案与解析：C as well意思是“也”， 是个副词短语，修饰整个句子，在句中的位置较为灵活。而as well as中的as是个介词，后面应接sth。这里as well as 后面并未接任何名词，所以as是多余的。 an early warning system意思是“早期预警系统”。14. The following sentence has four underlined parts marked with A, B, C, and D. Please choose the one that is not appropriately used.When you come across a new word in reading, you may either look up it in a dictionary or guess the meaning from the context. A BC D A、 come across B、 look up it C、 or D、 the context 答案与解析：B look up中的up是副词，所以这个词组接代词时，代词要放在up的前面，即look it up, look them up. 但名词置于up之前和之后均可。阅读选择题15. Taking Notes in Class Taking good notes is a three-stage process _ (1) there are certain things you should do before class, during class, and after class. Before class. Review your notes from the previous class session before you come to class. This will help you remember what _ (2) and get you ready to understand new information your teacher provides. Also, complete all assigned readings before you come to class. During class. Keep your attention _ (3) what your teacher is saying. Listen for “signal statements” that tell you that what your teacher is about to say is important to write in your notes. Write quickly by writing _ (4) words such as “med” for “medicine”, using symbols such as “%” for “percent”, and writing short sentences. After class. Rewrite your notes to make them more complete by changing abbreviated words into whole words. Make your notes _ (5) accurate by answering any questions you had when writing your notes in class. You may ask your teacher or other students for help. 、A、 in that B、 in which C、 where D、 which 答案与解析：B 这句主要考查定语从句。in which指的是in the process. 而介词不能放在that之前。 、A、 was covered B、 is covered C、 covers D、 are covering 答案与解析：A 这句的意思主要是“复习前一次的笔记能帮助你记住以前所学内容，并且帮你准备好接受老师要教的新知识。”cover是“覆盖、涵盖”的意思。因为要复习的是以前学过的东西，所以用一般过去时态，而且根据逻辑，用被动语态。 、A、 focusing on B、 focus on C、 is focused on D、 focused on 答案与解析：D keep + 宾语宾补的结构中，宾语补足语可以是动词的ing形式，表“持续某种状态”；或者是过去分词，表示被动。我们说focus ones attention on sth.，所以对于attention来说，和focus就是被动关系。故选focused on. 、A、 short B、 abbreviated C、 other D、 several 答案与解析：B 根据例子（such as med for medicine）和最后一段的提示，可以知道应该是abbreviated. 意思是“缩写的，简写的”。而short只表示“短”，没有“缩短”的含义。 、A、 very B、 quite C、 more D、 most 答案与解析：C 这句的意思是“通过回答在课上记笔记时产生的疑问，使你的笔记更加准确。”这句承上而来，上句是“更完整”，所以这句也用比较级。 阅读填空题16. 1.Realizing the serious power shortages this year, the Chinese government is _ finding a solution to this problem. 2.Job applicants are usually asked about what experience they have that _ the position they are applying for. 3.Youll have an accident if you _ driving like that. 4.It pays to spend a couple of minutes just _ your essay before submitting it. 5.Janet often _ not feeling appreciated at work. to be relevant to to focus attention on to carry on to read through to complain about (1)、 (2)、 (3)、 (4)、 (5)、 答案与解析：1. focusing attention on（p2），意思是“把注意力集中在上”。整句的意思是“在认识到今年电力严重短缺的情况后，中国政府正致力于解决这一问题。”现在进行时，介词on后面跟动名词ing形式。这一词组也可变化为：focus ones attention on 2. is relevant to（p2），意思是“和相关”。整句的意思是“应聘者通常被问到他们是否有和所申请的职位相关的工作经验。”that引导的定语从句修饰experience. apply for a position的意思是申请一个职位。3. carry on（p3）, 意思是“继续”，后面接动名词。整句的意思是“如果你继续那样驾驶，就会发生交通事故。”4. reading through (p4), “通读”，后接名词。Spend time on sth. / (in) doing sth.所以用了ing的形式。整句的意思是“在交文章之前花一两分钟通读全文很有益处。”5. complains about (p4), “抱怨，诉苦”，后面可接动名词和名词，这里接动名词。整句的意思是“珍妮常常抱怨自己为工作付出的努力没有受到重视。”appreciate 是动词，这里的意思是“欣赏，赞赏”。单选题1. The following sentence has four underlined parts marked with A, B, C, and D. Please choose the one that is not appropriately used.My removable disk has over 50 films saved in it and it is good to more. A B C DA、 removable disk B、 over C、 saved D、 is good to 答案与解析：D 应该将to该为for。Be good for sth. 这里是“适宜，能担当”的意思。当然，这个词组还有“对有益处”的意思，比如A climate of confidence is good for trade. 自信的气氛有益于商业交流。全句的意思是：我的移动硬盘存了50多部电影，它还能存更多。2. The auto-reply email message can let us know _ if email we have sent has been successfully delivered to the recipient.A、 for some time B、 in no time C、 at a time D、 in time 答案与解析：B in no time的意思是“很快，立刻”。整句的意思是：电子邮件自动回执可以让我们立刻知道我们发出的邮件是否已经成功到达接收人。3. The news came as no surprise to me. I _ for some time that the factory was going to shut down. A、 had known B、 knew C、 have known D、 know 答案与解析：A 第一句提示两句都是在讲述过去的事情，所以都应使用过去时态。For some time是一段时间，所以用过去完成时。4. I _ while reading the English textbook. Luckily, my roommate woke me up in time!A、 had fallen asleep B、 have fallen asleep C、 fell asleep D、 fall asleep 答案与解析：C 一般叙述过去发生的事，用一般过去时态即可。5. The following sentence has four underlined parts marked with A, B, C, and D. Please choose the one that is not appropriately used.Her face lit it up when she saw him getting out of the car with a bunch of flowers. A B C DA、 lit it up B、 saw C、 getting out of D、 a bunch 答案与解析：A lit it up应改为lit up. Light up是“点亮、容光焕发”的意思。It是多余的部分。整句的意思是：当她看见他捧着一束花从车里出来的时候，她的脸亮了起来。6. The following sentence has four underlined parts marked with A, B, C, and D. Please choose the one that is not appropriately used.By the end of last year, another new gymnasium for the 2008 Olympic Games was completed in Beijing. A B C DA、 By the end of B、 another C、 Olympic Games D、 was completed 答案与解析：D 应为had been completed. by作时间状语，句中一般用完成时态。by the end of last year 意思是“到去年年底”，所以句中用过去完成时。7. The following sentence has four underlined parts marked with A, B, C, and D. Please choose the one that is not appropriately used.After being through the first degree, Janet went to Harvard to study for her masters degree in A B C Deducation. A、 being through B、 went to Harvard C、 study for D、 masters degree 答案与解析：A be through with sth. 是个词组，这里缺少了with这个介词，这个词组的意思是“完成”。study for是“攻读”的意思。全句的意思是：读完大学后，珍妮去哈佛读教育硕士。8. - Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on. - Where was I? - You _ you didnt like your fathers job. A、 had said B、 said C、 were saying D、 had been saying 答案与解析：C 这句可以根据Where was I? 得出应该是were saying. 从语法上说，“刚才讲到哪儿”是“过去正在讲到哪儿”的意思，所以用过去进行时态。9. The following sentence has four underlined parts marked with A, B, C, and D. Please choose the one that is not appropriately used.Although he has lived with us for years, he did not left us much impression.A B C DA、 Although B、 for years C、 did not left D、 much 答案与解析：C did not left改为has not left.现在完成时表示过去的事情对现在造成的影响和后果，而且考虑到although引导的分句是现在完成时，全句的时态要保持一致。整句的意思是：虽然他和我们在一起住了很多年，但他没给我们留下太多的印象。10. I am not _ to listen to all your weak excuses.A、 adjusted B、 prepared C、 superior D、 opposed 答案与解析：B be prepared to do sth. 在这里的意思是“愿意的”。adjust to，“调整使适应”; superior to，“比更好”，后面接名词。be opposed to sth.表示反对某事,在这个句子里意思不合适。11. I arrived late; I _ the road to be so icy. A、 wouldnt expect B、 havent expected C、 hadnt expected D、 wasnt expecting 答案与解析：C 这句考查的是过去完成时（Past Perfect Tense）的基本含义，即表示“过去的过去”。句中“没想到马路结冰”发生在“到达”之前，所以用过去完成时。Wouldnt expect表示“过去的不期望”，比如I wouldnt expect him to come to my birthday as we quarreled the day before. （我想他不会来我的生日聚会，因为我们前天吵架了。）12. Has Sam finished his homework today? -I have no idea. He _ it this morning.A、 did B、 has done C、 was doing D、 had done 答案与解析：C 从this morning来看，A和C都是可以的。但答语说：“我不知道。他今天早上还在做呢。”回答的人在看到Sam时，他还在做，所以回答的人不知道Sam是否已经做完作业。如果选A，意思就变成：“我不知道。他早上做（完）了。”所以C才是正确答案。意思是：-“Sam今天做完作业了吗？”-“我不知道。他早上还在做呢。”13. I thought Jim would say something about his school report, but he _it.A、 doesnt mention B、 hadnt mentioned C、 didnt mention D、 hasnt mentioned 答案与解析：C 本句是在叙述过去的事情，所以可排除A和D。B表示过去的过去，在没有时间状语提示的情况下，这也是不合适的。对于过去事实的叙述，C是最合适的，句子的意思是：我以为吉姆会谈到他的学校报告，但他没提这件事14. The following sentence has four underlined parts marked with A, B, C, and D. Please choose the one that is not appropriately used.Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people had begun to enjoy the advantages of this new A B C Dtechnology. A、 have greatly increased B、 the early 1990s C、 when D、 had begun 答案与解析：D 应为began。When引导的是定语从句，修饰1990s。显然20世纪90年代是过去时间，此题叙述过去发生的事，用一般过去时即可，不用过去完成时。阅读选择题15. Computer Graded Writing Educators know that teaching students to write well is not easy. One problem is the amount of time needed to read through large amounts of work. So some companies _ (1) computer programs. These can grade student writing much more quickly than a human can. Writing tests can also _ (2) less to administer by computer than by paper-and-pencil. These computer systems are known as e-raters. They use artificial intelligence to think in a way like teachers. In the state of Indiana, computer grading of a statewide writing test began with a test of the system itself. For two years, both a computer and humans graded the student writing. Officials say there was almost _ (3) between the computer grades and those given by the human readers. How do teachers feel about all this? Many say machines can _ (4) do the job as well as people can. A computer can find spelling and grammar mistakes. But these teachers say it can never really understand what a writer is trying to say. Critics say a program cannot follow a thought or judge humor or understand a _ (5) expressed idea. 、A、 developed B、 have developed C、 were developing D、 are developing 答案与解析：B 这道题考查时态。由于电脑批改作文已经在使用，说明是现在已经实现的行为，所以用现在完成时。一般过去时只表示过去发生过，而不涉及现在。C是过去进行时态，从上下文来看，没有根据。查看全文发现，这种e-rater已经相对成熟，属于成型的程序，所以不能选D“正在开发”。 、A、 spend B、 take C、 cost D、 consume 答案与解析：C 本题考查词义的区别。Spend 一般是“人”做主语，而且后面常跟on sth./(in) doing sth.，表示花时间或者钱在某物上。Take一般以it作主语，常跟“时间”，较少表示“钱”。Consume表示“消耗”，比如人类消耗能源等。只有cost表示“花费的成本”，所以C最合适。 、A、 similarity B、 no similarity C、 difference D、 no difference 答案与解析：D 由前面的almost可以看出，similarity是不大合适的。因为前一句说的是印第安那州在全州范围使用电脑批阅作文之前首先检测这种批阅系统。因此，下一句应是对这种系统的肯定。所以选电脑阅卷和人工阅卷几乎“没有不同”。 、A、 ever B、 never C、 also D、 nearly 答案与解析：B 从本段的第四句看出，很多教师认为电脑批阅作文比不上人工批阅，所以空格处的词应该表现出这种否定的态度。这样就排除了A，C，D。 、A、 beautifully B、 beautiful C、 beauty D、 beautified 答案与解析：A 这里考查了与beautiful相关的词汇的用法。Expressed是idea的定语，而beautifully是修饰expressed的副词。其他词性均不符合要求。 阅读填空题16. 1.In case of emergency, an ambulance may be _. 2.At the beginning of the radio program, the music _ and then the hostess starts to talk. 3.Some college graduates cannot _ their jobs during the first two or three months after they left school. 4.In many places in the world, men _ let women get through doors first. 5.Some kids enjoy _ a radio to see what is in it. be supposed to adjust to send for take sth. apart blank out (1)、 (2)、 (3)、 (4)、 (5)、 答案与解析：1. sent for. Send for 的意思是“去找”，后面可以接sb.和sth.本句的意思是：紧急情况下，可能需要叫救护车。本句中在may be后面是被动语态因此要用sent for。后面接人的例句如：The refrigerator broke down again and so we sent for a mechanic to fix it. 2.blanks out. Blank out的本意是fade，即“逐渐消失”，常用于形容声音。全句的意思是：在电台节目开始时，音乐