PersonalRelationships.doc

Unit 1 Personal RelationshipsTeaching Aims: In this unit students are required to:1) get to know some useful information concerning the topic of the reading passages in this unit and to know more about English culture;2) do some preparation activities such as discussion, group work, etc. to practice their spoken skill and communicative skills;3) grasp some new words and try to use these words which help them to enrich their vocabulary;4)read the in-class reading passage in a limited time and grasp some expressions and grammatical points in the in-class reading passage to improve their reading comprehension;5) do some post-reading exercises and some after-class reading to practice what they have got to know in class to improve their English comprehensive skills.;6) translate some typical sentences into Chinese or English by using some expressions learned in the reading passages to acquire some translating skills and better their translating abilities.I. Preparation1. Background Information: All of us are involved in personal relationships. Some of these are related to family, some with fellow students or workers, and others of a variety of types. Most of these are happy, positive relationships, but not all of them. To have a positive relationship a person must invest time and interest in the other persons with whom he is associated. We all understand that our feelings and interest in other persons depend somewhat on what we have in common. Good relationships are usually valued because people who have good relationships are happier and more fun to be with.2. Show the students some pictures Let them tell the relationships shown in each of them. After that, let them try to think out other kinds of personal relationships as many as possible.3. Show the students pictures of Thomas Jefferson and James Madisonlet them figure out the special relationships between these two persons. Then show them this passage:Thomas Jefferson and James Madison met in 1776. They worked together to further the American Revolution and later to shape the new scheme of government. From that work developed a friendship, which lasted 50 years. Four and a half months before he died, when he was ill and worried about his poor family, Jefferson wrote to his longtime friend. His words and Madisons reply reminds us that friends are friends until death.4. Proverbs and Sayings:A life without a friend is a life without a sun.人生没有朋友 , 犹如生活没有了太阳。In prosperity our friends know us; in adversity we know our friends. John Churton Collins在顺境中 , 朋友结识了我们 : 在逆境中我们了解了朋友 .一一约翰丘顿柯Youth gives love and roses, age still leaves us friends and wine.Thomas Moore青春赋予我们爱情和玫瑰 , 岁月带给我们朋友和美酒 .一一托马斯摩尔Discussion:Do we need friends? If yes, tell us what kind of friends we truly need. (the qualities of a true friend)For example: helpful, understanding, reliable, thoughtful, faithful, generous, considerate, honest.5. Self introduction（make reference to the words and expressions of page 2）,talking about your location(hometown, the school you once studied), your personal relations(family and social), your personality traits, your hobbies, your hope(dream, ambition) and so on. SampleMy name is Wang Ling. I am 18. I come from Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. I graduated from the Fourth Middle School. Hangzhou is a very beautiful city. It has the West Lake, which is famous all over the world. I love my home town. I have a lot of hobbies, such as playing tennis, basketball, table tennis, and listening to music.II. Listening-Centered ActivitiesPlay the tape and make the students listen to the three listening exercises and answer all the questions on page 4、5、and 6. If necessary, play the tape once again.III. The Text1. Pre-reading questions (see the textbook)2. Structure:l Context(Para. l -2) When, where, who, whatl In time order, what happened next? (para.3-18)1) Medical help arrived and they found the young girl needed blood. (Para.3)2) Only several children had the correct blood type. (Para.4)3) Because of language barrier, they had difficulties in asking the children for blood. (Para.5)4) Heng was willing to give blood but he was always sobbing and then crying silently during the operation. (Para. 6 -13)Under the help of the Vietnamese nurse, the Americans knew the reason. Heng thought that he would die, but he still did it because she was his friend. (Para. 14 -Para. 18)l Meaning of the story (para.19)There is no love greater than this, that a person lay down his/her life for a friend.3. Sentence study:l Nobody knows what these bombs were supposed to hit during the terrible Vietnam War, but they landed in a small orphanage run by a missionary group.(Line 1) 在可怕的越南战争期间 , 谁也不知道这些炸弹要轰炸什么目标 , 而 它们却落在了一所由传教士办的小孤儿院内。l . . it was clear that without immediate action, she would die from loss of bloodand shock. (Line 9) 此句型中 clear 常可被其他形容词替换。如 :it is obvious that, it is true that, it is evident that 等。 eg:没有英语课 , 大学生活确实会轻松很多。但是不学英语 , 你显然不能适应现 代社会的需要。It is true that without English course, college life may become much easier. But itis obvious that you cant keep pace with the modem society if you dont study English.l Using what little common language they could find, together with a lot of sign language, they tried to explain to the frightened children that unless they couldgive some blood to their little friend she would certainly die. (Line 16)1.Using + 宾语从句在句中作状语2.together with 相当于 as well as, 与前面短语一起作状语3. they tried to explain. 是句子的主语和谓语部分4.the frightened children 是句子的一个宾语 ( 问接宾语)5.unless they could give- 既是句子的直接宾语又是后面句子的条件从句l Heng was quickly laid on a bed, his arm cleaned with alcohol, and the needle inserted into his arm. (Line 27) Heng 很快被抱到一张床上 , 手臂用酒精消了 毒 , 并且针插进了他的胳膊。此句中 his am cleaned with alcohol 和 the needle inserted into his am 是独立 主格结构。She lay on her back, her hands crossed under the head.手躺着。 ( 伴随状语 )Mother being i11, she has to take care of the family.全家的责任。原因状语 The clock having struck, we had to go to work.了。时间状语l The medical team now was very worried because the needle should not havebeen hurting their tiny patient. (Line 42)should +have + 过去分词这一结构的肯定形式表示本应该做却没有做 : 其否 定形式表示某种行为不该发生却发生了。 eg:She shouldnt have left the hospital so soon, for she had not yet recovered. 她不该那么早就出院 , 因为她还没有康复。You should have got Mark A in your anal examination but your handwriting is too bad. 你本可以在期末考试中得 A, 但是你的字写得太糟。4. Key words and phrases suffer (Line 5): feel or have pain, loss, etc.1) vt. 忍受 , 容忍 , 承受 , 耐住If you break the law, you must be prepared to suffer the consequences. 你如果违犯法律 , 就必须准备承担后果。2) vi. 受痛苦 , 受苦难 , 患病Boxing legend Mohammed Ali suffers from the disease of Parkinson for a long time. 拳王阿里身患帕金森 ( 氏)病已经有很长一段时间了。wound (Line 6);injure (Line 9) ;hurt (Line 36)wound 一般是指由枪械或者刀剑等尖锐物体造成的身体上的伤害。injure a) 由于重物如棍棒或者炸弹爆炸所造成的伤害 ;b) 在事故中受到的伤害。 hurt 除表示受伤外 , 主要用于表示身体疼痛及情感受伤害。 insert (Line29)1) vt. put something in something else 插入 , 嵌入An surgeon inserted a special medical device into his mouth to pick up DNA sample. 医生把一个特殊的医学装置插入他的口中来提取 DNA 样本。2) n. something inserted 插入物 , 镶补物Medical examiners found a knife-like insert inside the victims stomach. 法医在受害者的体内发现了一把刀状的插入物。Stiff (Line 32): adj. formal, unfriendly 生硬的, 呆板的, 不友好的 Facing journalists questions, the Prime Minister always kept a stiff face- 面对记者的提问, 那位总理总是板着面孔。 occasional (Line 40)adj. happening sometimes 偶然的 , 偶尔的 , 非经常的The weather was good except for an occasional shower.天气还算不错 , 只是偶尔有阵雨。occasional visits /rain /sneeze /trips偶尔来访 / 有雨 / 打喷嚷 / 旅行 relief(Line 50): 1) the lessening or removing of pain, anxiety, etc.( 痛苦等 ) 缓解 , 减轻 , 解除Fans support brought R.Baggio some relief from the missing of the penalty in the anal of 1994s World Cup. 球迷们的支持使罗伯特巴乔多少缓解了 1994 年世界 杯决赛射失点球的痛苦。2) the feeling that you have when something unpleasant stops or becomes less strong ( 痛苦、忧郁等消除后感到的 ) 轻松 , 宽心 , 宽慰It was a great relief to find nothing had been stolen. 发现没丢任何东西 , 感到很宽 慰。同根词: relieve: v. ease, lessen 使减轻 , 使解除痛苦、忧愁等 : 使宽慰She said that listening to light music could relieve her pressure in study. 她说昕轻音乐可以减轻学习中的压力。5. Useful Expressions 这个女孩腿上有伤。 The girl suffered wounds to her 1egs. 几小时后 , 医疗救助人员赶到了。 A couple of hours later, medical help arrived. 立即的行动 immediate action 相配的 / 适合的血型 the matching/correct blood type His life was /hung in the balance. 他命悬一线。 Heng lay stiff and silent. Heng 直挺挺地躺着 , 也不说话。 A look of great relief spread over his face. 他的脸上露出了轻松的表情。5. Post reading exercises on vocabulary and translations (page 11 to page13)IV. Further Development1. Exercises in page 27and 28.2. What makes an ideal roommate? Possible choices: A neat person, one who shares your interests or ideas or hobbies, one who is willing help, a quiet person, never making noise, have a good sense of humor, sensitive, not so sensitive, and so on.3. Group discussionWhen your neighbor is in need of help.(1) Describe the pictures on page 29 with the words suggested.(2) Discuss the questions: Why do you think people did nothing to help the woman, and what would you do of you say the woman being attacked?Possible answers: cowardly and selfish, there are already institutions dealing with it, terrified too much to make any action. Call the police, try to protect the woman directly, or do nothing.V. WritingTo give the student a clearer idea of how to organize their composition, the teacher may encourage the students to include the following in their writing: a description of the physical features(height, weight, etc.) of the person(say, a father;) characteristics of the father what the student thinks of the father; something that had happened between the father and the studentSample IMy FatherMy father, forty-six years old, is a peasant. He is very hard-working, because he has a big family to support. Perhaps it is because he is tired, he is a man of few words, and almost no smile appears on his face. Father has never bought any toys or candies for my younger brother and me, b