软件设计与体系结构实验指导书（精品） .doc

软件设计与体系结构实验指导书 目录实验一 经典软件体系结构风格(一)1实验目的1实验内容11管道-过滤器软件体系结构12数据抽象和面向对象软件体系结构2思考与提高4实验二 经典软件体系结构风格(二)5实验目的5实现内容51基于事件的隐式调用风格52层次软件体系结构6实验三 分布式软件体系结构风格13实验目的13实验内容13c/s体系结构风格13思考与提高14实验四 mvc风格15实验目的15实验内容15mvc的应用和编程实现15实验五 软件设计的目标23实验目的23实验内容231用java语言实现一个计算器程序232健壮性233可维护性基于面向对象技术的计算器程序244基于简单工厂模式的计算器程序255基于工厂方法模式的计算器程序27实验六 软件设计面向对象方法29实验目的29实验内容291问题域部分的设计对多重继承的调整292数据管理部分的设计30实验七 设计原则35实验目的35实验内容351里氏代换原则352合成/聚合复用原则353依赖倒转原则364迪米特法则375接口隔离原则37实验八 设计模式38实验目的38实验内容381单例模式382观察者模式3839实验一 经典软件体系结构风格(一)实验目的（1）理解管道-过滤器软件体系结构、面向对象软件体系结构的原理（2）掌握管道-过滤器软件体系结构、面向对象软件体系结构的实例（3）管道-过滤器软件体系结构、面向对象软件体系结构的编程实现实验内容1管道-过滤器软件体系结构（1）在dos提示符下输入下面的命令：dir | more使得当前目录列表在屏幕上逐屏显示。dir的输出的是整个目录列表，它不出现在屏幕上而是由于符号“|”的规定，成为下一个命令more的输入，more命令则将其输入一屏一屏地显示，成为命令行的输出。（2）java i/o流中的管道流类pipedinputstream和pipedoutputstream可以方便地实现管道-过滤器体系结构，这两个类的实例对象要通过connect方法连接。下面程序的功能是sender发送“hello,receiver! im sender”给receiver，然后receiver接受后显示出来并且在前面加上“the following is from sender”的信息。管道流内部在实现时还有大量的对同步数据的处理，管道输出流和管道输入流执行时不能互相阻塞，以一般要开启独立线程分别执行，顺便复习了多线程操作。import java.io.*;import java.util.*;public class testpipedpublic static void main(string args)sender s = new sender();receiver r = new receiver(); pipedoutputstream out = s.getout(); pipedinputstream in = r.getin(); try in.connect(out); s.start(); r.start(); catch(exception e) e.printstacktrace(); class sender extends thread pipedoutputstream out = new pipedoutputstream(); public pipedoutputstream getout() return out; public void run() string str = hello,receiver ! im sendern; try out.write(str.getbytes(); out.close(); catch(exception e) e.printstacktrace(); class receiver extends thread pipedinputstream in = new pipedinputstream(); public pipedinputstream getin() return in; public void run() byte buf = new byte1024; try int len = in.read(buf); system.out.println(the following is from sender:n+new string(buf,0,len); in.close(); catch(exception e) e.printstacktrace(); 程序的执行结果： the following is from sender:hello,receiver ! im sender2数据抽象和面向对象软件体系结构有一个已知的二维坐标系，在坐标系中定义了若干种规则的图形：圆、正方形、矩形和椭圆。使用java语言进行面向对象的程序设计：（1）首先考虑数据封装性，（2）考虑继承性，（3）考虑抽象类。abstract class graphprotected double x,y;/ x,y是规则图形的中心点坐标 public graph(double x,double y)/ 构造函数初始化中心点坐标 this.x=x; this.y=y; protected void changex(double x)/ 修改横坐标 this.x=x; protected void changey(double y)/ 修改纵坐标 this.y=y; public abstract double area();/ 计算面积的抽象方法class mysquare extends graph private double length; public mysquare(double x,double y,double length) super(x,y); this.length=length; protected void changlength(double length) / 修改边长length this.length=length; public double area() return length*length; class mycircle extends graph private double radius; public mycircle(double x,double y,double radius) super(x,y); this.radius=radius; protected void changradius(double radius) / 修改半径radius this.radius=radius; public double area() return 3.1416*radius*radius; class myrectangle extends graph private double a,b; public myrectangle(double x,double y,double a,double b) super(x,y); this.a=a; this.b=b; protected void changlength(double length) / 修改长length a=length; protected void changwidth(double width) / 修改宽width b=width; public double area() return a*b; class myellipse extends graph private double a,b; public myellipse (double x,double y,double a,double b) super(x,y); this.a=a; this.b=b; protected void changa(double a) / 修改长轴a this.a=a; protected void changb(double b) / 修改短轴b this.b=b; public double area() return 3.1416*a*b; public class area public static void main (string arg)mycircle c=new mycircle(1,1,3); mysquare s=new mysquare(2,2,4); myrectangle r=new myrectangle(12,9,1,2); myellipse e=new myellipse(2,-1,3,2); system.out.println(圆c的面积是+c.area(); system.out.println(正方形s的面积是+s.area(); system.out.println(矩形r的面积是+r.area(); system.out.println(椭圆e的面积是+e.area(); 该程序的运行结果为： 圆c的面积是28.2744正方形s的面积是16.0矩形r的面积是2.0椭圆e的面积是18.8496思考与提高1、管道-过滤器软件体系结构与批处理软件体系结构的区别和联系是什么？2、面向对象软件体系结构与主程序-子程序软件体系结构的区别和联系是什么？软件设计与体系结构实验指导书 实验二 经典体系结构风格实验二 经典软件体系结构风格(二)实验目的（1）理解基于事件的隐式调用软件体系结构、层次软件体系结构的原理（2）掌握事件的隐式调用软件体系结构、层次软件体系结构的实例（3）事件的隐式调用软件体系结构、层次软件体系结构的编程实现实现内容1基于事件的隐式调用风格常用控制组件的事件按钮与动作事件（actionevent），参见下例。按钮与动作事件运行结果import java.awt.*;import java.awt.event.*; /引入java.awt.event包处理事件class btnlabelaction extends frame implements actionlistener/声明窗口类（btnlabelaction）并实现动作事件接口（actionlistener）label prompt;button btn;void createwindow() /自定义方法settitle(mybutton);prompt = new label(你好);/创建标签对象btn = new button(操作);/创建按钮对象setlayout(new flowlayout();/布局设计，用于安排按钮、标签的位置add(prompt);/将标签放入容器add(btn);/将按钮放入容器btn.addactionlistener(this);/将监听器（窗体对象本身）注册给按钮对象setsize(300,100);setvisible(true);public void actionperformed(actionevent e)/接口actionlistener的事件处理方法if(e.getsource()=btn) /判断动作事件是否是由按钮btn引发的if(prompt.gettext()=你好)prompt.settext(再见);elseprompt.settext(你好); public class btntestpublic static void main (string args)btnlabelaction bla=new btnlabelaction();bla.createwindow(); 2层次软件体系结构基于层次软件体系结构的软件测试系统。第一层为用户图形界面层import java.awt.*;import java.util.*;import javax.swing.*;import java.awt.event.*;import com.sun.java.swing.plaf.windows.*;public class testinggui extends jpanel private jtextarea txttestinfo, txttestcase; private jlabel lbltestcases; private jpanel buttonpanel; private jcombobox cmbtestcases; private static final string case_bubble= tc1-test bubble sort; private static final string case_heap= tc2-test heap sort; private static final string case_insertion= tc3-test insertion sort; private static final string execute = execute; private static final string exit = exit; public testinggui() txttestinfo=new jtextarea(test output from source shown heren, 6, 20); txttestinfo.setlinewrap(true); txttestcase = new jtextarea(testcase info and test validation shown heren, 4, 15); txttestcase.setlinewrap(true); buildupscrollgui(); private void buildupscrollgui() setupbuttonpanel(); jscrollpane btnpane = new jscrollpane(buttonpanel); jscrollpane textpane = new jscrollpane(txttestcase); textpane.setminimumsize(new dimension(250, 150); jscrollpane testdatapane = new jscrollpane(txttestinfo); jsplitpane upsplitpane = new jsplitpane(jsplitpane.horizontal_split); upsplitpane.setleftcomponent(btnpane); upsplitpane.setrightcomponent(testdatapane); jscrollpane downpane = new jscrollpane(textpane); dimension minimumsize = new dimension(130, 100); btnpane.setminimumsize(minimumsize); textpane.setminimumsize(new dimension(100, 100); upsplitpane.setdividerlocation(270); upsplitpane.setpreferredsize(new dimension(500, 300); jsplitpane bigsplitpane = new jsplitpane(jsplitpane.vertical_split, upsplitpane, downpane); bigsplitpane.setdividerlocation(190); add(bigsplitpane); setsize(new dimension(500, 400); setvisible(true); private void setupbuttonpanel() lbltestcases = new jlabel(test cases:); cmbtestcases = new jcombobox(); cmbtestcases.additem(case_bubble); cmbtestcases.additem(case_heap); cmbtestcases.additem(case_insertion); /create the open button jbutton executebtn = new jbutton(execute); executebtn.setmnemonic(keyevent.vk_s); jbutton exitbutton = new jbutton(exit); exitbutton.setmnemonic(keyevent.vk_x); btnlistener objbuttonhandler = new btnlistener(); / add action listener executebtn.addactionlistener(objbuttonhandler); exitbutton.addactionlistener(objbuttonhandler); buttonpanel = new jpanel(); gridbaglayout gridbag = new gridbaglayout(); buttonpanel.setlayout(gridbag); gridbagconstraints gbc = new gridbagconstraints(); buttonpanel.add(lbltestcases); buttonpanel.add(cmbtestcases); buttonpanel.add(executebtn); buttonpanel.add(exitbutton); gbc.insets.top = 5; gbc.insets.bottom = 5; gbc.insets.left = 5; gbc.insets.right = 5; gbc.anchor = gridbagconstraints.east; gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 0; gridbag.setconstraints(lbltestcases, gbc); gbc.anchor = gridbagconstraints.west; gbc.gridx = 1; gbc.gridy = 0; gridbag.setconstraints(cmbtestcases, gbc); gbc.anchor = gridbagconstraints.east; gbc.insets.left = 2; gbc.insets.right = 2; gbc.insets.top = 25; gbc.anchor = gridbagconstraints.east; gbc.gridx = 0; gbc.gridy = 7; gridbag.setconstraints(executebtn, gbc); gbc.anchor = gridbagconstraints.west; gbc.gridx = 1; gbc.gridy = 7; gridbag.setconstraints(exitbutton, gbc); public void showtestinfo(int str ) txttestinfo.settext(); for(int n=0; n str.length; n+) txttestinfo.append(+strn+ ); public void showerrors(string err) txttestcase.append(err+n); public string getselectedtestcase() return (string) cmbtestcases.getselecteditem(); class btnlistener implements actionlistener private testcase test; private string selectedtestcase; public void actionperformed(actionevent e) string searchresult = null; int output=null; if (e.getactioncommand().equals(exit) system.exit(1); if (e.getactioncommand().equals(execute) selectedtestcase = getselectedtestcase(); if(selectedtestcase.equals(case_bubble) test = new testcasebubble(); else if(selectedtestcase.equals(case_heap) test = new testcaseheap(); else if(selectedtestcase.equals(case_insertion) test = new testcaseinsertion(); output = test.execute(3000); showtestinfo(output); showerrors(selectedtestcase); boolean result = resultverification.isresultcorrect(output ); showerrors(no error found = +result); long timetaken = test.gettimetaken(); showerrors(testing time takes = + timetaken+n); / end of class btnlistener private static void createandshowgui() jframe.setdefaultlookandfeeldecorated(true); jframe frame = new jframe(layered architecture- software testing); frame.setdefaultcloseoperation(jframe.exit_on_close); testinggui newcontentpane = new testinggui(); newcontentpane.setopaque(true); frame.setcontentpane(newcontentpane); frame.pack(); frame.setvisible(true); static public void main(string argv) javax.swing.swingutilities.invokelater(new runnable() public void run() createandshowgui(); ); public class resultverification static boolean flag = true; public static boolean isresultcorrect(int arr) for(int k=0; k arrk+1) flag=false; system.out.println(error + k); /break; return flag; 第二层为测试案例层，包括软件测试工程师所编写的测试案例public interface testcase public abstract int execute(int len); public abstract long gettimetaken();class context sortalgorithm alg; / constructor public context(sortalgorithm alg) this.alg = alg; public int sortintarray(int a) return this.alg.sort(a); import java.util.random;public class integerarrgenerator public static int generateinput(int len) int input= new intlen; random r = new random(); for(int m=0; m= 0;) for(int j = 0; j numsj + 1) /exchange numsj+1 with numsj int t = numsj; numsj = numsj + 1; numsj + 1 = t; return nums; public class heapsort implements sortalgorithm public int sort(int nums ) for(int i=nums.length; i1; i-) buildbinaryheaptree(nums, i - 1); swapleadingnodewithlastnode(nums, i - 1); return nums; public void buildbinaryheaptree(int array, int arraybound) int leftchild, rightchild, biggerchild, temp; int root = (arraybound-1)/2; / find the bigger child index for(int i=root; i=0; i-) leftchild = (2*i)+1; rightchild = (2*i)+2; if(leftchild = arraybound) & (rightchild = arrayleftchild) biggerchild = rightchild; else biggerchild = leftchild; else if(rightchild arraybound) biggerchild = leftchild; else biggerchild = rightchild; /swap the integer contained in the bigger child index /with that in the current parent node if(arrayi arraybiggerchild) temp = arrayi; arrayi = arraybiggerchild; arraybiggerchild = temp; return;public static void swapleadingnodewithlastnode(int array, int arraybound) int temp; temp = array0; array0 = arrayarraybound; arrayarraybound = temp; return;public class insertsort implements sortalgorithm public int sort(int nums) for (int i = 1; i 0) & (numsj-1 numtobeinserted) ) numsj = numsj-1; j-; numsj = numtobeinserted; return nums; 软件设计与体系结构实验指导书 实验三 分布式软件体系结构风格实验三 分布式软件体系结构风格实验目的（1）理解分布式软件体系结构风格的原理（2）掌握分布式软件体系结构风格的实例（3）常见分布式软件体系结构风格的编程实现实验内容c/s体系结构风格客户机发送数据到服务器，服务器将收到的数据返回给客户机，直到接收到字符串“end”为止，最后关闭连接。（1）服务器端程序tcpserver.javaimport java.io.*;import .*;public class tcpserver public static final int port=8888; public static void main(string args) throws ioexception /建立serversocket serversocket s=new serversocket(port); system.out.println(serversocket:+s); try /*程序阻塞,等待连接。即直到有一个客户请求到达,程序方能继续执行*/ socket ss=s.accept(); system.out.println(socket accept:+ss); try /连接成功，建立相应的i/o数据流 datainputstream dis=new datainputstream(s