生猪定点屠宰场修建资金申请报告

opinion about and statement of the theme Moral inferences drawn from most stories Moral inferences may be drawn from most stories no doubt even when an author does not intend his her story to be read this way In A Clean Well Lighted Place we feel that Hemingway is indirectly giving us advice for properly regarding and sympathizing the lonely the uncertain and the old But obviously the story does not set forth a lesson that we are supposed to put into practice We can say for sure that A Clean Well Lighted Place contains several themes and other statements could be made to take in Hemingway s view of love of communication between people of dignity Great stories like great symphonies frequently have more than one theme When we say that the title of Pride and Prejudice conveys the theme of the novel or that Uncle Tom s Cabin and The Grapes of Wrath treat the themes of slavery and migratory labor respectively this is to use theme in a larger and more abstract sense than it is in our discussion of Hemingway s A Clean Well Lighted Place In this larger sense it is relatively easy to say that Mark Twain s Huckleberry Finn Updike s A 2 the occupations and daily manner of living of the characters 3 the time or period in which the action takes place for example the late eighteenth century in history or winter of the year 4 the general environment of the characters for example religious mental moral social and emotional conditions through which characters in the story move Holman and Harman A Handbook to literature 1986 But often in an effective story setting may figure as more than mere background It can make things happen It can prompt characters to act bring them to realizations or cause them to reveal their innermost natures as we shall see in John Cheever s short story The Swimmer First as we have said the idea of setting includes the physical environment of a story a region a landscape a city a village a street a house a particular place or a series of places where a story occurs Where a story takes place is sometimes called its locale Places in fiction not only provide a location for an action or an event of the story but also provoke feelings in us A sight of a green field dotted with fluttering daffodils affects us very differently from a sight of a dingy alley a tropical jungle or a small house crowded with furniture In addition to a sense of beauty or ugliness we usually build up certain associations when we put ourselves in such a scene We are depressed by a dingy alley not only because it is ugly but because it may arouse a feeling perhaps sometimes unconsciously of poverty misery violence viciousness and the struggles of human beings who have to live under such conditions A tropical jungle for example in Joseph Conrad s Heart of Darkness might involve a complicated analysis the pleasure of the colours and forms of vegetation the discomfort of humidity heat and insects a sense of mystery horror etc The popularity of Sir Walter Scott s Waverley novels is due in part to their evocation of a romantic mood of Scotland The English novelist Graham Greene apparently needed to visit a fresh scene in order to write a fresh novel His ability to encapsulate the essence of an exotic setting in a single book is exemplified in The Heart of the Matter his contemporary Evelyn Waugh stated that the West Africa of that book replaced the true remembered West Africa of his own experience Such power is not uncommon the Yorkshire moors have been romanticized because Emily Bronte wrote of them in Wuthering Heights and literary tourists have visited Stoke on Trent in northern England because it comprises the Five Towns of Arnold Bennet s novels of the early twentieth century Thus a reader s reaction to a place is not merely based upon the way it looks but upon the potentialities of action suggested by it Places matter greatly to many writers For instance the French novelist Balzac before writing a story set in a town he would go and visit that town select a few lanes and houses and describes them in detail down to their very smells In his view the place in which an event occurs was of equal moment with the event itself and it has a part to play Another example is Thomas Hardy under whom the presentation of setting assumes an unusual importance His Wessex villages cast intangibly such as spell upon the villagers that once they leave their hometowns they will inevitably suffer from disasters and the farther they are away from their hometowns the more terrible their disasters will be For example in the Tess of the D Urbervilles the Vale of Blakemore was the place where Tess was born and her life was to unfold Every contour of the surrounding hills was as personal to her as that of her relatives faces she loved the place and was loved in the place The vale far from the madding crowd of the civilized city was as serene and pure as the inhabitants Tess imbued deeply with the natural hue of the vale and bound closely to this world of simplicity and seclusion experienced her own delight and happiness though her family was poor It was to some extent her departure from her native place that led to her tragedy In The Return of the Native the atmosphere of Egdon Heath prevails over the whole book as an environment it absorbs some and repels others of the characters those who are absorbed achieve a somber integration with it but those who are repelled and rebel suffer disaster Sometimes an environment serves as more than a mere place to set the story Often it is inextricably entangled with the protagonist and even carries strong symbolic meanings Cathy as an image of the feminine personality for example in Emily Bronte s Wuthering Heights is not supposed to possess the wilderness characteristic of masculinity and symbolized by the locales of Heathcliff and Wuthering Heights In some fiction setting is closely bound with theme In The Scarlet Letter even small details afford powerful hints at the theme of the story At the start of the story the narrator describes a colonial jailhouse Before this ugly edifice and between it and the wheeltrack of the street was a grass plot much overgrown with burdock pigweed apple peru and such unsightly vegetation which evidently found something congenial in the soil that had so early borne the black flower of civilized society a prison But on one side of the portal and rooted almost at the threshold was a wild rosebush covered in this month of June with its delicate gems which might be imagined to offer their fragrance and fragile beauty to the prisoner as he went in and to the condemned criminal as he came forth to his doom in token that the deep heart of Nature could pity and be kind to him Apparently the author makes a contrast between the ugly jailhouse with a tangled grass plot overgrown with burdock and pigweed and something as beautiful as a wild rose As the story unfolds he will further suggest that secret sin and a pretty child may go together like a pigweed and wild roses In this artfully crafted novel setting is intimately blended with characters symbolism and theme In addition to place setting may crucially involve the time of the story century year or even specific hour It may matter greatly that a story takes places in the morning or at noon The medieval background informs us differently from the twentieth century Kennedy and Gioia note that in The Scarlet Letter the nineteenth century author Nathaniel Hawthrone utilizes a long introduction and a vivid description of the scene at a prison door to inform us that the events in the story took place in the Puritan community of Boston of the earlier seventeenth century This setting to which Hawthorne pays so much attention together with our schemata concerning Puritan practice helps us understand what happens in the novel We can understand to some extent the agitation in the town when a woman is accused of adultery for adultery was a flagrant defiance of church for the God fearing New England Puritan community and an illegitimate child was evidence of sin Without information about the seventeenth century Puritan background a reader today may be perplexed at the novel The fact that the story in Hawthorne s novel took place in a time remote from our own leads us to expect different attitudes and customs of the characters is strongly suggestive of the whole society which is crucial to an essential understanding of The Scarlet Letter as a whole Besides place and time setting may also include the weather which indeed may be crucial in some stories 2 Local color writing regionalism and the writer a regional writer When setting dominates or when a piece of fiction is written largely to present the manners and customs of a locality the writing is often called local color writing or regionalism and the writer a regional writer A regional writer usually sets his her stories in one geographic area and tries to bring it alive to readers everywhere Thomas Hardy in his portrayal of life in Wessex wrote regional novels Arnold Bennett s novels of the Five Towns are markedly regional Willliam Faulkner known as a distinguished regional writer almost always set his novels and stories in his native Mississippi 3 The setting of a novel is not always drawn from a real life locale The setting of a novel is not always drawn from a real life locale Literary artists sometimes prefer to create the totality of their fiction the setting as well as characters and their actions The creation of setting can be a magical fictional gift in a novelist or storyteller But whatever the setting of his her work a true novelist is concerned with making an environment credible for his her characters and their actions and in accord with the development of the plot In some stories a writer seems to draw a setting mainly to evoke atmosphere In such a story setting starts us feeling whatever the storyteller would have us feel Thus atmosphere is a metaphor for a feeling or an impression which we cannot readily attach to some tangible cause We say that an old farmhouse set among large maples on a green lawn has an atmosphere of peace Here what we mean is that the house by reason of the look of quietness and by reason of a number of pleasant associations we have with the kind of life lived there stirs a certain reaction in us which we do not attach to any single incident or object but generally to the whole scene In the same way we may say that the setting of a story contributes to defining its atmosphere For instance in The Tell Tale Heart Poe s setting the action in an old dark lantern lit house greatly contributes to the reader s sense of unease and so helps to build the story s effectiveness Another example is Lawrence s The Horse Dealer s Daughter the description at the beginning of which contributes much to the atmosphere of the story 4 The importance of atmosphere in creating the setting But it is a mistake to say that the atmosphere of a piece of fiction depends on the setting alone As illustrated in Shakespeare s Hamlet the dialogue at the very beginning of the play helps powerfully to establish the atmosphere of uncertainty in addition to the setting the cold midnight castle The vocabulary the figures of speech and the rhythm of the sentence also help define the general atmosphere for by these factors the writer manages to control the kind of associations that come to the reader s mind Atmosphere also depends on character and action In short we may say that the atmosphere of fiction is the pervasive general feeling generated by a number of factors setting character action and style that is opinion about and statement of the theme Moral inferences drawn from most stories Moral inferences may be drawn from most stories no doubt even when an author does not intend his her story to be read this way In A Clean Well Lighted Place we feel that Hemingway is indirectly giving us advice for properly regarding and sympathizing the lonely the uncertain and the old But obviously the story does not set forth a lesson that we are supposed to put into practice We can say for sure that A Clean Well Lighted Place contains several themes and other statements could be made to take in Hemingway s view of love of communication between people of dignity Great stories like great symphonies frequently have more than one theme When we say that the title of Pride and Prejudice conveys the theme of the novel or that Uncle Tom s Cabin and The Grapes of Wrath treat the themes of slavery and migratory labor respectively this is to use theme in a larger and more abstract sense than it is in our discussion of Hemingway s A Clean Well Lighted Place In this larger sense it is relatively easy to say that Mark Twain s Huckleberry Finn Updike s A 2 the occupations and daily manner of living of the characters 3 the time or period in which the action takes place for example the late eighteenth century in history or winter of the year 4 the general environment of the characters for example religious mental moral social and emotional conditions through which characters in the story move Holman and Harman A Handbook to literature 1986 But often in an effective story setting may figure as more than mere background It can make things happen It can prompt characters to act bring them to realizations or cause them to reveal their innermost natures as we shall see in John Cheever s short story The Swimmer First as we have said the idea of setting includes the physical environment of a story a region a landscape a city a village a street a house a particular place or a series of places where a story occurs Where a story takes place is sometimes called its locale Places in fiction not only provide a location for an action or an event of the story but also provoke feelings in us A sight of a green field dotted with fluttering daffodils affects us very differently from a sight of a dingy alley a tropical jungle or a small house crowded with furniture In addition to a sense of beauty or ugliness we usually build up certain associations when we put ourselves in such a scene We are depressed by a dingy alley not only because it is ugly but because it may arouse a feeling perhaps sometimes unconsciously of poverty misery violence viciousness and the struggles of human beings who have to live under such conditions A tropical jungle for example in Joseph Conrad s Heart of Darkness might involve a complicated analysis the pleasure of the colours and forms of vegetation the discomfort of humidity heat and insects a sense of mystery horror etc The popularity of Sir Walter Scott s Waverley novels is due in part to their evocation of a romantic mood of Scotland The English novelist Graham Greene apparently needed to visit a fresh scene in order to write a fresh novel His ability to encapsulate the essence of an exotic setting in a single book is exemplified in The Heart of the Matter his contemporary Evelyn Waugh stated that the West Africa of that book replaced the true remembered West Africa of his own experience Such power is not uncommon the Yorkshire moors have been romanticized because Emily Bronte wrote of them in Wuthering Heights and literary tourists have visited Stoke on Trent in northern England because it comprises the Five Towns of Arnold Bennet s novels of the early twentieth century Thus a reader s reaction to a place is not merely based upon the way it looks but upon the potentialities of action suggested by it Places matter greatly to many writers For instance the French novelist Balzac before writing a story set in a town he would go and visit that town select a few lanes and houses and describes them in detail down to their very smells In his view the place in which an event occurs was of equal moment with the event itself and it has a part to play Another example is Thomas Hardy under whom the presentation of setting assumes an unusual importance His Wessex villages cast intangibly such as spell upon the villagers that once they leave their hometowns they will inevitably suffer from disasters and the farther they are away from their hometowns the more terrible their disasters will be For example in the Tess of the D Urbervilles the Vale of Blakemore was the place where Tess was born and her life was to unfold Every contour of the surrounding hills was as personal to her as that of her relatives faces she loved the place and was loved in the place The vale far from the madding crowd of the civilized city was as serene and pure as the inhabitants Tess imbued deeply with the natural hue of the vale and bound closely to this world of simplicity and seclusion experienced her own delight and happiness though her family was poor It was to some extent her departure from her native place that led to her tragedy In The Return of the Native the atmosphere of Egdon Heath prevails over the whole book as an environment it absorbs some and repels others of the characters those who are absorbed achieve a somber integration with it but those who are repelled and rebel suffer disaster Sometimes an environment serves as more than a mere place to set the story Often it is inextricably entangled with the protagonist and even carries strong symbolic meanings Cathy as an image of the feminine personality for example in Emily Bronte s Wuthering Heights is not supposed to possess the wilderness characteristic of masculinity and symbolized by the locales of Heathcliff and Wuthering Heights In some fiction setting is closely bound with theme In The Scarlet Letter even small details afford powerful hints at the theme of the story At the start of the story the narrator describes a colonial jailhouse Before this ugly edifice and between it and the wheeltrack of the street was a grass plot much overgrown with burdock pigweed apple peru and such unsightly vegetation which evidently found something congenial in the soil that had so early borne the black flower of civilized society a prison But on one side of th