牛津英语８Ａ第一单元导学案.doc

8A Unit 1 Vocabulary学习目标：1. 运用形容词描述人的体格特征及外貌。2. 运用合适的形容词来修饰男孩和女孩。预习要求：1.掌握描述人的体格特征及外貌的形容词。Build: slim thin fat strong bigHeight: short tallHair: long short straight shoulder-length brown blackFace: fat thin square roundEyes: big small black brown blue 2. 掌握描述男孩和女孩的词。Boys: good-looking smart clever handsome funny strongGirls: beautiful good-looking lovely pretty smart slim学习重难点：1. square 名词，正方形，广场，平方。形容词，正方形的，平方的。e.g: (1). She has a square face.(2). There is a bank ( 乐队) playing in the town square .(3). The room is about 30 square metres .2. lovely 形容词，可爱的，lovely 虽然以-ly 结尾，但它不是副词。类似由名词加后缀-ly构成是形容词还有：friendly , likely , lively(生动活泼的)，motherly (母亲般的) 。e.g: (1). The dog is very lovely and I like it very much .(2). He gave me a friendly smile .3在英语中，有些描述性形容词意思相近，但在用法上仍然存在一些区别：good-looking , beautiful , smart, pretty, handsome (1) good-looking 既可以修饰男性又可以修饰女性，用来形容外表一般性的“好看”。通常只修饰人，不修饰物，程度上不如beautiful 和pretty 那么强。Who is that good-looking girl ?(2) beautiful 意为“美丽的”，语气最强，修饰人时，通常指女人和小孩，值一种天生的或自然的美。也可以修饰物。This is our beautiful shool.(3) smart 指衣帽等漂亮时髦的，也可以指人聪慧的，帅的。He looks smart . (4) pretty 意思是可爱的，精致的，吸引人的。一般用来修饰娇小，妩媚的年轻女子或儿童。 The little girl is pretty .(5) handsome 只可以修饰人，一般修饰男性，意为英俊的 He is a handsome boy.课堂练习：1.用所给的提示描述下列人物： long face, big eyes, slim, pretty shoulder-length hair be good at singing, handsome, good-looking , brown hair ,wear a pair of glasses, poor eyesight, smiling eyes,nice, beautiful , lovely, black, long hair, thinfunny, small eyes, short hair, make sb. laugh, have a good sense of humour课后练习：书面表达根据提示写一篇短文，介绍你最好的朋友。 60个词左右。 名叫梅，身材苗条，圆脸，带着小而圆的眼睛，对人很大方，也很友好。经常帮你， 与你分享快乐。她说长大后想当一名英语教师。（round, wear, be generous, be friendly, help sb. with sth., share joy with sb., grow up, want to be） 课后反思：8A Unit 1 Vocabulary Learning aims: 1熟练掌握文中语言点和描述人的形容词。2运用形容词描述人的体格特征及外貌。3运用合适的形容词来修饰男孩、女孩。Learning difficulties: 重要词汇：thin, square, handsome等形容词的运用和区分。Teaching stepsStep 1. Revision1. Get Ss to review the text.Get Ss to say something about Betty / Max / May.2. Get Ss to translate some phrases into English:Step 2. Presentation1. Teacher show some photos of people and ask whats she/he like?2. Get Ss to talk about these pictures with their own words.Eg: Whats the boy / girl like?Etc.3. Teacher show Ss some pictures of body parts. Encourage Ss to describe their features. Buildslim, thin, fat, strongHeightshort, tallHairlong, short, straight, shoulder-length, brown, blackFacefat, thin, square, roundEyesbig, small, black, brown, blue4. Get Ss to describe boys and girls with the correct adjectives.Boys: good-looking, smart, clever, handsome, funny, strong, etc.Girls: beautiful, good-looking, lovely, pretty, smart, slim, etc.Step 3. Practice1. Explain the content of Part A and B.2. Get Ss to check the answers. 3. Discuss in small groups, try to talk about their own appearances.Step 4. Guessing game1. Let Ss come to the front of the classroom and say something about their best friends in the class. Then get the other students to guess who the best friend is.2. Encourage more students to describe their best friends, and make more chances to guess. Step 5. HomeworkExercises:一 根据句意和首字母提示完成句子1 What is Yao Ming like ?He is t_ and h_.2 My little sister looks so p_ in her new skirt .3 It was g_ of the rich man to give his money to the poor people .4 Kitty is goog at singing and dancing .She is very m_.5. Dont frighten the little boy . you should be f_ to him .二用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Amy is _ ( beautiful ) in our class . 2. Simon s composition is _ ( good )than Millie . 3 . Playing football is _( important ) than _ ( watch ) TV . 4 .Swimming is not as _ ( interest ) as diving . 5 . She invited me _ ( join ) her birthday party . 6. Ill try _ ( find ) out the answer ,but I cant .Its too difficult . 7. How about _ ( go ) shopping . 8 .Our teacher made us _ ( clean ) our classroom yesterday . 9 . He agrees _ ( go ) home now . 10. There is something nice _( eat )三汉译英1还有别的事我可以为你效劳 ？Is there _ _ I can do for you ? 2. 他视力不好，所以常弄翻我的书。He has _ _ , so he often _ _ my book .3 .我叔叔有很好的时间观念。他上班从不迟到 。My uncle has a good _ of _ . He is never _ _ work .4 .我将投票选举李平，因为他对人很大方 。Ill _ _ Ling Ping because he is _ _ people .5. 他有一张方脸。他的大眼睛使的他看起来很英俊。He has a _ face .His big eyes _ him _ _ 6.我有个朋友叫May ，她和我一样健康 。I have a _ _ May .She is _ _ _ I .7. 把你朋友的秘密讲给别人听是不礼貌的。It is _ to _ _ your friends _.8. 当有什么事令我担忧时， 我总是能向她求救 。When something _ _ ,I can always _ _ her .教后感_ 八年级英语学科导学案课题： 8A Unit1 Frriends 课型： Study skills一 学习目标： 1 知识目标： （1）本课时的四会单词: reader, nervous ,uncomfortable,etc. （2）词组： have problems with move to Beijing feel really uncomfortable during lunchtime sit alone in the playground give somebody some advice2 能力目标：（1） 找出文中的关键词，以便掌握文章的大意。（2） 学会用 wh- 问题来找出文中的关键部分。3 情感目标： 通过 杂志和报纸上讲述自己的问题的文体， 从而反映自己的问题。4 教学重难点： 找出一段文章中的要点和关键词，从而掌握文章的大意。二 知识准备： 1 Revision.Answer some questions of last lesson. (1) What does Millie like doing? (2) What does she want to be when she grows up? Why? (3) Whats Sandys future plan? Why does she think so? (4) Whos her favourite singer? 2 Go on practising the dialogue and talk about your friends hobby and future plan.A: _is the boy _the left?B: Oh, this _Tom.I think hes very smart.A: Do you think _?.B: Of _.He is _of the cleverest boys in our school.A: Whats he? B: Hes friendly and helpful . Hes _to be a teacher when he grows_.A: Whos the girl _him?B: Sorry . I dont know.三 学习内容：1. Ask the Ss some questions like these:(1) Who is your friend?(2)Whats he/she like?(3)What does he/she like doing?(4) Whats his /her future plan?(5)Why does he/she want to do so?2. Make a dialogue with the information above.3.Let the Ss read page18 partA and answer these questions(1) Who is Cindy?(2)Why is she unhappy?(3) Where did she live before?(4)Who did she come with? (5)Where is she now?(6)How does she feel when her new classmates talk to her?(7)Does she want to go back to her old school?4. Let them go on reading the passage and look for main points and keywords.5. Let them practice a dialogue in pairs with the main points and kerwordsThey can ask these questions:(1) What is the story about?(2) Who is it about ?(3)What happened?(4)Where did it happen?(5) When did it happen?(6) Why did it happen?(7)How did it happen?自学中的绊脚石： 你在自学中有何难点，疑点，请列在下面：_四 知识梳理： Know the questions of wh-understand the questonsof wh- -find and answer the questions of wh- - make a dialogue with the questions of wh-五 达标检测：【达标检测一】A. 选词填空。who when where what why how(1) _didnt Lily come here this morning?(2)-_did that story happen? -In the 1960s.(3) Excuse me, can you tell me _to get to the nearest bus stop?(4)-_enjoys playing football? -I think Simon does.(5)_do you think of our school?(6)-_will Mr and Mrs Green go for their holiday? -Maybe theyll go to Hainan.【达标检测二】B.根据所给的汉字或首字母完成单词。（1）Yesterday Amy asked me for _(建议 ) on writing. (2) Dont be _( 紧张的 ).Take it easy. (3) I like reading and I often borrow _( 杂志 ) from our school library. (4) My grandmother is an honest r_of yours .She reads your every article in the newspaper. (5) Uncle John m_to Guangzhou last month. I m_him very much. (6) In the past there was no s_school here. But now therere some.C. 阅读理解：Esop was a very clever man.He lived in Greece many years ago. One day a visitor asked him ,” kind man , can you tell me how long it will take me to get to town?“Go!” Esop answered.“I know I must go,” said the visitor ,”but I want to know how soon I can get there.”“Go!” Esop shouted at him.The visitor was angry .”This man must be mad,” he thought .Then he walked on.Suddenly he heard Esop shouting ,”You will get there in two hours.”The visitor turned back and asked , “ Why didnt you tell me that before ?”How could I tell you that before ?” answered Esop, “I didnt know how fast you could walk.”(1) Where did Esop live? (2)What did a visitor ask Esop one day?(3)What did Esop only tell the visitor to do?(4)Why didnt Esop answer the visitors question at first?八年级英语学科导学案课题：Reading 课型：一 学习目标1 学习用形容词来描述朋友的外貌和个性。2 学会表达朋友品质的方法。3 理解和掌握文中的语言点。如：与一样苗条 as slim as 乐于做某事 be willing to do sth准备好做某事 be ready to do sth 帮助我做家庭作业 help me with my homework因为太多工作 because of too much work 戴眼镜 wear glasses有很好的幽默感 have a good sense of humour 感到厌倦feel bored使我笑 make me laugh 走路经过 walk past撞翻 knock over 说某人坏话say a bad word about sb二 知识准备我们学习过很多用于描述人物的词汇，你能将下列所提供的词汇进行准确地分类吗？ Have a try!friendly, kind, polite, happy, honest, helpful, cheerful, pleasant, generous, modest, smart, clever, hard-working, musical, slim, thin, strong, tall, short, beautiful, smart, good-looking, handsome, pretty, clean, long, short, round, square, thin, black, dark brown, long, short, shoulder-length, straight, blonde, red, ponytail fat big, small, round, bright, smiling long, short, big, responsible, tidy, fat, small人物描述性的形容词归纳项 目词 汇FaceEyesNoseHairGeneral appearancePersonalityAbilities 三 学习内容1 She is as slim as I am. 她和我一样的苗条。【点拨】as slim as表示“同一样苗条”。She is as honest as I am 她和我一样的诚实。She is as busy as a bee. 她像蜜蜂一样忙。I am as tall as Liu Ming. 我和刘明一样高。【注意】as + 形容词或副词原级 + as1）在否定句或疑问句中可用so as。He cannot run so/as fast as you.2）当as as 中间有名词时采用以下格式。as +形容词+ a +单数名词。This is as good an example as the other is. as + many/much +名词。I can carry as much paper as you can.3）用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。This room is twice as big as that one. Your room is the same size as mine.4) 倍数+ as + adj. + as 倍数+ then + of。This bridge is three times as long as that one.This bridge is three times the length of that one. Your room is twice as large as mine. Your room is twice the size of mine.2 She is willing to share things with her friends.她愿意和朋友一起分享东西。【点拨】be willing to表示“愿意”，其后连接动词原形，即be willing to do something. 其与be ready to do something含义相近。share soemthing with somebody表达“与分享”之意。He is willing to stay with us for the holiday. Many people are willing to live in the country today.【辨析】(1). will 作名词，意为“愿望；遗嘱”。Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。(2). will或shall后接动词原形构成一般将来时态。I am quite willing to do it 我很愿做这事。He will go to the park if it is sunny. 如果天气好，他可能去公园。(3). willing是形容词，表示“乐意的，自愿的”。3 She is also very helpful and is ready to help people any time.她也是很热心的，随时准备帮助别人。【点拨】句中ready指“准备好”，be ready to 指“准备好做”any time 任何时候。【比较】“be ready to + 动词”与“get ready to +动词”的含义相同。be ready for +名词 / 动名词 / get ready for +名词 / 动名词，其意为“准备干”She is ready _ school. 她为上学做准备。She gets ready to go to school. 她准备去上学。(答案：for)【注意】and和or的用法：1) 并列结构中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。2) 但有时and 也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点：There is no air or water in the moon. There is no air and no water on the moon.在否定中并列结构用or 连接，但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构，因此要用and。例：-I dont like chicken _ fish.-I dont like chicken, _ I like fish very much.A. and； and B. and； butC. or； butD. or；and答案C。否定句中表并列用or, but 表转折。4 She helps me with my homework and she always gives seat to people in need on the bus. 她帮助我完成作业，并在公共汽车上给需要座位的人让座。【说明】句中help me with my homework表示“帮助我做家庭作业”。gives seat to指“把座位给”。in need 需要中的，困难中的，其可以作表语，也可以用于名词后作定语。【点拨】to的用法：(1). 表示方向，“到、向（某处）、去（某地）”。Could you take it to the classroom?(2). 表示时间，“到（某时间）”。Spring in China lasts from February to April.(3). 表示对象，“向、为、对、给（某人、某物）”。Please give it to Ms. Smart.(4). 常见固定搭配：thanks to由于，next to贴近， say goodbye to告别，listen to听，point to蛰着，help oneself to随便吃/喝，write to写给，get to到达。【拓展】(1). help通常作为动词，表示“帮助”，常用句型有help sb do sth、help sb to do sth均表示“帮助某人做某事” ，help后宾语补足语中的to可以省略，与help somebody with something含义相同例如：Can you help me with my homework?Can you help me do my homework? 你能帮助我做作业吗？Can you help me to do my homework?This little girl cant help _(to cry / crying). 这个小女孩忍不住哭了。(答案：crying)Help yourself _ some fish. 请你随便吃一些鱼。(答案：to)【易混点】giveto表示“把给”，give 后接到双宾语，表示把某东西给某人，需加介词“to”，也可以表达为“give me the book”。英语中有一些动词可以连接双宾语，指人的为间接宾语，指物的为直接宾语，通常间接宾语与直接宾语的排列形式有两种，即“verb.间接宾语直接宾语”或“verb.直接宾语to / for间接宾语”。如：Please give me some cakes. Please give some cakes to me. 通常间接宾语放在直接宾语之后时，均要加上介词，throw、take、show、give、write、lend、send等之后加to，buy、mend、make、get、pick、draw、build等之后加for。5 I have a most wonderful friend called Max. 我有一个极好的朋友叫马克斯。【点拨】此处的called是过去分词转化为形容词，表示“被叫作，名字是”，其同义表达可用named, with the name, by the name of等，与姓名或称谓一起构成短语，充当后置定语，called Max作名词friend的定语。【注意】called的同义表达可用named，by the name of，with the name，可以指人或地点等。此句的同义句改可为：I have a most wonderful friend named / with the name / by the name of Max. She has a daughter called / named Mary. 她有一个女儿叫马丽。I lived in a city called / named Xian many years ago .我几年前住在一个叫西安的城市。6 He wears small, round glasses and they make him look smart. 他戴着小小的、圆圆和眼镜，这使他看起来显得精神。【点拨】make在此是“使得”的意思，为使役动词，look smart 是make的宾语him的补足语，而look使连系动词，表示“看上去”后接形容词smart作表语。例如：The shirt makes hin look handsome. 这件衬衫使他显得很英俊。Can you make her _(help/to help/helping) me _(do/to do/doing) my homework? 你能叫她帮助我做作业吗？(答案: help; do/to do)【拓展】类似于look的连系动词的有感观动词sound（听起来），smell（闻），feel（感觉），taste（尝起来）。感官动词词义相关的人体器官look看上去，看起来eyes 眼sound听起来ears 耳smell闻起来nose 鼻taste尝起来tongue 舌feel感觉body 身例如：That sounds very interesting. 那听起来很有趣。The food smells nice. 食物闻起来香。She doesnt feel well. 她感觉不舒服。7 However, he has poor eyesight because of too much computer work at night. 然而，他视力很差因为他晚上 玩太多的电脑。【点拨】have poor eyesight指“视力差，弱视”，eyesight是不可数名词。because of表示“因为、由于”，后接名词或动名词形式作宾语。too much表示“太多”，后接不可数名词。【比较】too much与much用法相同，用于修饰不可数名词，或用于动词后作宾语，替代不可数名词，表示“太多”；much too表示“确实太”，与too含义及用法都相近，后接形容词或副词原级。much too与too用法相同，不能修饰名词，而用于修饰形容词或副词的原级，含义及用法同副词too一样；too many与many用法相同，用于修饰可数名词的复数形式。He cant go to bed because of too much homework. 因为作业太多他不能去睡觉。He didnt pass the exam because of his carelessness. 由于粗心，他没有通过这次考试。Ive too much too dear, I cant get it. 这条连衣裙确实太贵了，我不能买下。【辨析】because of; becausebecause of 后面接名词、代词或动词的ing形式，because 后面接原因状语从句。They didnt visit the Great Wall because of the bad weather. He didnt catch the train because of getting up late. =He didnt catch the train because he got up late. She went to bed very late because of too much homework. =She went to bed very late because she had too much homework. 8 He wears small, round glasses and they make him look smart. 他戴着小小的、圆圆和眼镜，这使他看起来显得精神。【点拨】they make him look smart 使他显得精神。make 在此是“使得”的意思，look smart 是宾语补足语。【辨析】look; see; watch; readlook表示“看”、“注视”，强调注意看，表示动作意义更浓，后接宾语是须用介词at，可作名词，如have a look at。see表示“看见”、“看到”，强调通过视觉器官看见物品与人，常指无意识的看见或偶尔看见，如see a doctor。watch表示“观看”、“注视”，强调观看动态的人与物的活动，并以极大的注意力仔细看，带有欣赏之义，多指看电视、比赛，如watch TV、watch a football match、watch a movie about dolphins。read表示“看”、“阅读”，多指阅读带有文字的书籍、报刊等，如read a story book、read newspapers。9 Max has a good sense of humour. 马克斯有良好的幽默感。【点拨】a good sense of humour表示“良好的幽默感”。have a sense of humour/time/duty/beauty有幽默/时间/责任/美感。Our teacher has a sense of humour, and often makes us laugh. He is often late, and he has no _ of time. 他经常迟到，他没有时间概念。(答案: sense)【注意】句中的humour是不可数名词，其形容词为humorous（幽默的，滑稽的），副词为humorously（幽默地，滑稽地）。His writings are full of humour. 他的作品富于幽默。10 I never feel bored or unhappy when he is with me. 当他和我在一起时，我从不感到无聊和沮丧。【点拨】句中的bored是形容词，表示“无聊的，无趣的”。unhappy是有happy加前缀un-构成的表达否定意义的词汇。be with sb. 表示“同某人在一起”。【辨析】bored; boring动词bore有两种形式的形容词，即bored和boring。bored表示“感到厌烦的”，动词加-ed构成的形容词通常用来指人，作表语而不作定语；boring表示“令人厌烦的”，动词加-ing构成的形容词指物，在句中作定语或表语。例如：The story is very boring. 这个故事很无聊。She felt a little bored. 她感到有点厌烦。【说明】bore v. 使厌烦； bored adj.无聊的，厌烦的；boring adj.令人厌烦的。I get bored with my job, so I decide to leave the company. This is such a boring job that I am not willing to do it.类似的词还有surprise使惊讶，surprised感到惊讶的，surprising 令人惊讶的；excite，excited，exciting；frighten，frightened，frightening； interest，interested，interesting。【注意】对比由动词加-ing和-ed构成的形容词：词汇 boring令人厌烦的Bored感到厌烦的relaxing令人放松的relaxed放松的surprising令人惊讶的surprised感到惊讶的，吃惊的exciting令人兴奋的excited感到兴奋的intere