英语语法专业术语的英语表述.doc

英语语法专业术语语法grammar 句法syntax 词法morphology 结构structure 层次rank 句子 sentence 从句clause 词phrase 词类 part of speech 实词notional word 虚词structrural word名词noun专有名词propernoun 普通名词common noun 可数名词 countablenoun 可数名词 uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun 具体名词 concret mou 物质名词 material noun集体名词 collective noun 个体名词individual noun 介词preposition 连词 conjunction 动词verb主动词 main verb 及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词 intransitive verb 系动词 link verb 助动词 auxiliary verb情态动词 modal verb 规则动词 regular verb 不规则动词 irregular verb 短语动词phrasalverb限定动词 finite verb非限定动词 infinite verb 使役动词 causative verb 感官动词 verb of senses动态动词event verb 静态动词 state verb 限定动词 finite verb form 非限定动词non-finite verb form 原形 base form感叹词exclamation形容词 adjective副词adverb 方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词 adverb of degree 时间副词 adverb of time地点副词 adverb of place 修饰性副词 adjunct 连接性副词 conjunct 疑问副词 interogative adverb关系副词 relative adverb 代词 pronoun 人称代词 personal pronoun 物主代词 possesive pronoun 反身代词 reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun 指示代词 demonstrative pronoun疑问代词 interrogative pronoun 关系代词 relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词 possecive pronoun 名词性物主代词 nominal possesive prnoun 形容词性物主代词 adjectival possesive pronoun 冠词 article定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral 分数词 fractional numeral形式form 单数形式 singular form 9复数形式plural form从句clause从属句subordinate clause 并列句 coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause 定语从句 attributive clause 状语从句 adverbial clause 宾语从句 object clause 主语从句 subject clause 同位语从句 appositive clause 时间状语从句adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place 方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession 原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause 结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result 目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition 真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition 句子sentence 简单句 simple sentence 并列句 compound sentence 复合句 complex sentence 并列复合句compound complex sentence 陈述句 declarative sentence 疑问句 interrogative sentence 一般疑问句general question 特殊疑问句 special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question 反义疑问句disjunctive question 修辞疑问句 rhetorical question感叹疑问句exclamatory question 存在句 existential sentence肯定句 positive sentwence 否定句negative sentence祈使句 imperative sentence 省略句 elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence基本句型basic sentence patern 句子成分members of sentences 主语 subject谓语 predicate宾语 object双宾语 dual object 直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object 同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement 表语 predicative定语attribute 同位语 appositive 状语 adverbial句法关系syntatic relationship 并列coordinate 从属 subordination 修饰modification 前置修饰pre-modification 后置修饰post-modification 限制restriction 双重限制double-restriction非限制 non-restriction数number单数形式singular form 复数形式 plural form 规则形式 regular form 不规则形式 irregular form 格case普通格 common case 所有格 possessive case 主格 nominative case 宾格 objective case性gender 阳性 masculine 阴性 feminine 通性 common 中性 neuter人称person第一人称 first person 第二人称 second person 第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时 past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense 一般现在时 present simple tense 一般过去时 past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时 past perfect tense 过去完成时 present perfect tense将来完成时 future perfect tense现在进行时 present continuous tense 过去进行时 past continuous tense 将来进行时future continuous tense 过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense 语态voice主动语态 active voice被动语态passive voice 语气mood陈述语气indicative mood 祈使语气 imperative mood 虚拟语气 subjunctive mood 否定negation 否定范围 scope of negation 全部否定full negation 局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion 部分倒装 partial inversion直接引语 direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirect speech 一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement语法一致 grammatical agreement 概念一致 notional agreement就近原则 principle of proximity强调 emphasis重复repetition语pronunciation语调tone 升调 rising tone 降调 falling tone 降升调 falling-risin