英语写作电子教案.doc

英语写作教案1st week Welcome to My Lectures on English Writing !Lecturer: Tu Chaolian1. teaching objective: a good introduction 2. focus: requirements and thoughts on writing 3. technique: explanation 4. time allotment My thoughts on English writing 50What is writing? Do you have any purposes? Do you have your own goal in learning to write? We will first examine different types of writing for different purposes. In daily life, we encounter at least two different categories of writing: 1) writing for entertainment, (creative writing, such as novels, stories and poems).2) Writing for information. (formal or expository prose, such as research papers and newpaper reports). If we consider the social aspects of writing, classification can be made under headings of A. informal writing, such as private journals, notes to friends, and personal letters. B. Formal writing, such as letters of application, letters of inquiry, and business communication. If we consider the different natures of wring, we may then find that novels and stories require creative power because the creation of characters, plots, and images requires imagination, whereas research papers and business communications require analytical ability because they communicate factual information. Creativeness and analytical ability both have their roles. However, many students, unaware of different types of writing, tend to think of writing only in the form of novels and poems, (they wish to write in English as well as Mark Twain, Ernest Hemingway, or Winston Churchill. They aspire to follow the example of ancient Chinese writers they lose confidence at the beginning of writing course,) or they learn to write just for a test. Before aspiring to achieve fame or to pass the test, we should first of all try to write to communicate. In real life, the major role of language is communication rather than entertainment. I have therefore set communication as the target of my teaching this course. Do not worry if your vocabulary is simple and everyday, your sentences ordinary and commonplace, and your message initially superficial or insignificant. The important thing is to learn to communicate your ideas clearly, logically, and understandably. We will be trained how to write clearly, accurately, and logically, with the emphasis on effective presentation of facts and opinions. If we master the skills of successful communication, it will not be a big problem if some of us decide to take a few steps further into the realm of creative and imaginative writing. However, the apparently innocent phrase “successful communication” may carry profound meaning. We already know that language exists in two forms: oral and written. In oral communication, there are many different situations in which different languages registers are required. One talks with close friends in one way, with strangers in another; with street vendors in one way, with teachers in yet another. If one confuses these different occasions and uses the wrong form of language, one may fail in the communication. The same is true in written communication. One writes to ones parents in one way, to acquaintances in another; a brief note in one way, and an academic paper in another. If one confuses these forms, one may be judged as having inadequate education. As college students, you probably already have a good idea as to what different forms of the Chinese language to use under different circumstances. Yet, you are only at the beginning of learning the proper forms in the English language. The English language has its forms and written forms, its informal, semi-formal, and very formal forms. These forms require different kinds of words, sentence patterns, and essay structures. I think ( to achieve our goal)1. The ideas of your articles can only come from your daily accumulation of extensive reading and your thinking;v 2. Good articles come from your arduous(of work needing and using up much energy.) practice;v 3. Your teachers role is to stimulate your interests in writing; many of us may have found writing to the source of constant headache in the past. I hope that in my class , we can make writing at least less painful. You might say that given that this is a writing course, the teacher will always be the evaluator, grading everything you write, and that, therefore, the purpose of all writing will have to be for good marks-an important consideration for future prospects. True as this might be, other possibilities do exist. A teacher plays more roles than that of a marker. A teacher can in fact be a genuinely interested reader, a kind-hearted monitor, and a willing, supportive helper. Even if the teacher does play the role of a marker in the end, the emphasis can be different. Firstly, I will consider spelling, diction, grammar and content when evaluating a written work. At the latter period of this term, although linguistic features are still important, the most important aspect will be the communicative effectiveness of each piece of writing. If the writer fails to use the appropriate form of language to achieve the intended purpose, even if grammar and spelling are flawless, the paper will probably not receive a high mark. Conversely, if the essay is effective in communication ideas, a few mistakes in grammar or diction will not affect the mark. v 4. Your teachers task is to teach you some techniques on writing and design suitable writing tasks for you to practice;1) so, you have to read your textbook by yourselves after class. v 5. Your teacher will not correct your compositions word by word, but judge them as a whole. v 6. You can know how to write good articles not through your teachers correcting the grammar mistakes in your exercises, but through your daily practice and accumulation. v Thats to say, you will have to do many exercises for this subject.( reciting, poems, song words. writing )Elements your Homework marks depend on 201. length 3. organization 4. idea5. words and sentences ( use words you have learned in college, do not always use simple sentences) 6. grammar 7. after class reading all these are changeable, and they will change according to the focus of writing. If we focus on grammar, grammar will be about 30%; and our lecture will keep pace with your grammar lecture. Ill keep close in touch with your grammar teacher. if we focus on idea.the general focus is words-sentences-paragraphs-passage, and it will be totally different from your writing in your new English course. Elements your final marks depend onv 1. Your attendance and classroom performance account for 10%;v 2. Your accomplishment of the assignments accounts for 20%;v 3. Your final examination mark accounts for 70%Some Requirements 5 v 1. Attend my lectures regularly;v 2. Be active in class; v 3. Finish my assignments in time;v 4. Try to read as many as possible those articles on the topics concerning our daily life, social problems, new technologies, etc.5. Prepare two exercise booksAnd what well do in class is 51) to check whether you have read the textbook or not2) comments on your writing 3) rewrite sentences in your writing or some other sentences. 4) comments on input reading ( sample paper, model) no multi-media classroom, hand-outs, 3 yuan)5) Or English to Chinese translation 6) writing taskI hope I can 1.be helpful in your character (persons nature) ( exert a favourable influence on sbs thinking or character). 2. Cultivate your logic ( have a good influence on logical thinking and writing).3. Be helpful in Improving your writing ability translation: 201.我的食物都吃光了，得再去买点。(p.12)My food has run out. Ive to buy some.2.坐公共汽车去那儿至少要花两个小时。.It will take at least two hours to go there by bus.3.大点声说话，让大家都听得见。Speak louder so that everyone can hear you.4.你花了多少时间写那篇文章？How much time does it take you to write that article?5.你似乎很难过。告诉我们发生什么事了，这样我们好帮你。It seems that you are very sad. Tell us what has happened, so we can help you.6.我们可以请小王帮我们，他好像有好多时间。We can ask Xiao Wang to help us. He seems to have a lot of time7.很久很久以前，有一个国王特别喜欢马。(p.32)Once upon a time, there was a king who liked horses very much.8.他是如此之坏（wicked），我根本就不信任他。He is so wicked that I dont believe in him at all.9.我的英语水平很差，所以我得努力学习它。My English is very poor, so I will work hard at it.10.由于工资太低，他付不起房租。 He cant pay for the rent because of his low salary.12.这本书非常有名，被翻译成了多种语言。This book is very famous and has been translated into many languages.13.一百多人出席了为老教授举行的聚餐会。More than 100 people came to the dinner party held in honor of the old professor.Writing task: You can write any thing on any topic, but keep the following in mind:1. underline the new words or sentences you have learned .2. your writing will be graded on grammar20%, words30%, length20%, idea20%, spelling 10%reading task: reading task:read chapter one (P1-16) of your textbook（ get the idea and look up the new words）2nd week teaching objective: learn to write in correct form focus: manuscript form technique: explanation write time allotment: 1. check reading tasks 30A) identify the errors in manuscript form in the following paragraph from a paper. Explain the errors in the spaces below. “ the trouble with perfectionists”Of all kinds of people, perfectionists bother me the most. They want to get thins right; that is admirable. They are certainly not like a lot of people who just do not care about their jobs or anything else. But once you get to know a perfectionist, you will feel the same as I. 1) Do not use quotation marks around the title. 2) Capitalize the key words in the title “ The Trouble with Perfectionists”3) Leave a space between the title and the first line of the paper.4) Indent the fist line of the paper. B) translate: He was born in a small village. His father was a teacher. His mother did the housework. Faulty: it was raining hard, they could not work in the fields. Improved: It was raining hard; they could not work in the fields. It was raining hared. They could not work in the fields. It was raining so hard that they could not work in the fields. They could not work in the fields because it was raining hard. It was raining hard, so they could not work in the fields. As it was raining hard, they could not work in the fields. Faulty: I was born in a small town, in the town there was only one school, I studied there for six years. Improved: I was born in a small town. In the town there was only one school. I studied there for six years. In the small town where I was born, there was only on school, and I studied there for six years. I was born in a small town, where there was only one school. I studied there for six years. I studied for six years at the only school in the small town where I was born. The sentences marked “faulty” are not grammatically wrong; they are faulty because of the use of the commas. It is easy to see that the improved sentences lay stress on different points. Which one is preferable depends on the context and on the writers intention. 2. input reading tasks. my family when I think back through good memories of my life, most of them are in some way associated with my family. Family is the one constant that has always been a part of me, my rock against the storms of life. I cant imagine life without my Mom and Dad, and I hope theyre around for a long, long time. The one thing my folks always had for me, as well as for my brother, was time. I was on a swim team from the time I was ten years old through high school, and I dont ever remember them missing one of my meets. They were always there rooting me on, congratulating me when I did well and consoling me when I did poorly. It was the same with all my activities: volleyball, basketball, school plays, back-to-school nights, you name it. I never had to worry about my folks not showing up or not caring about what I was doing. I could count on them. Ive also done my share of leaning on their shoulders over the year. I never felt there was anything I couldnt tell my Mom and Dad, and I am the kind who has to get it all out when I have a problem. Over the years theyve heard it all: the time in junior high when one boy was constantly bugging me, the time in high school when I got caught drinking, the time I wrecked their Volkswagen Rabbit, rough times with my former boyfriend, and on and on. They always listened to me, helped me any way they could, gave me good advice when I needed it, and always showed they cared. Even getting through my freshman year of college away from home with a “roommate from hell” was something I couldnt have survived without many, many long-distance calls home and some timely visits from the folks. Weve done our share of fun too. we traveled all over the state and spent lots of good times together. We loved going to movies and eating out as a family, and we still do when I get home on breaks. We also have fun just sitting around the house watching TV and eating popcorn. My parents are fun-loving people and I still have as much with them as I do with my friends. Well almost as much.The greatest thing about family, at least about mine, is I know nothing is going to change. Whether I am twenty, thirty, or forty, I will have two very special people who care for me and want the best for me. Friends may come and go, good times and bad times lie ahead, and there are lots of uncertainties in this world. Through all of this it is really great to know that family is forever, the one constant in my life. I hope I am someday able to pass on the same sense of security and love to my own children. 3. writing task:( guangwai) My family4. translation 1)I cannot justify keeping this job any more.2)Thats a decision youll have to make for yourself. 3) I know youve been with the company for five years. But raises here are based on merit, not on length of employment. 4) 读书可以获得知识 through reading, one can .( reading books can acquire knowledge)5) 所有这些都得感谢我们的政府 we should thank our government for all of this. ( all of this should thank our government) 5. reading task : chapter Two ( p18-19)3rd week 1. comments on students writing.(1st, on any topic) 2. check reading tasks. Specific and general words . As a writer, you give an account of what you have experienced for your readers, so you should use specific and concrete language-words that clearly and accurately describe what you have seen, heard, and felt. If you choose general and abstract language -words that are vague and senseless, you can only make your readers bored and poorly informed. Vague -when I was young, we moved from one area to another.Revised - when I was eight years old, we move from Detroit to Ohio.V-the patients wound was treated. R- the nurse bandaged the soldiers minor wound. V-your relative is nice to me.R-your aunt Betty always stops and talks to me when she meets me in the street. V-John is a good student.R-In college, John has been rewarded a scholarship over five years. . Suggestions for choosing concrete and specific words. Here are some suggestions to help you choose concrete and specific words .a) use the most specific word you can to describe something . eg: you can use German shepherd instead of dog, use tulips(郁金香) instead of flowers; use boeing 747 instead of plane; use Uncle Tom instead a relative; use a bad headache instead of sick; use Gone with the Wind in stead of a book; and use 17 degrees below zero instead of very cold. b) Verbs are among the most expressive words in language;. Using a verb that most vividly describes an action can bring a sentence to life. Weak verbs- the man did badly in front of a large audience. Revised - the man panicked(恐慌) in front of a large audience.W-I dont care for noodles and choose not to eat them. R-I hate noodles and refuse to eat them.W-the boy walked into the classroomR- the boy staggered (摇晃, 蹒跚, 交错, 摇摇摆摆)into the classroom. c) use words that are clear and appropriate for the topic. Dont use words that arent common in conversation, and in particular, dont chose big words to impress the readers rather that to communicate ideas clearly.Big verbs- John displayed an element of delight over the acquisition of a stereo system of unquestionable quality. Revised - John was thrilled to buy a high-quality stereo system. B- my eyesight is getting worse.R-I cant recognize you in dim light. B-those lately purchased chairs that rock to and fro were of a very steep price. R-those lately bought rock-chairs were very expensive. d) whenever possible, show the readers something instead of telling them about it. Telling -Myrtle has a good sense of humor. Revised:-Myrtle loves to tell funny stories about her childhood and to play practical jokes on her friends. T-the math test was easy.R-the math test had only fifteen true-false questions, and all of the answe