SCI写作句型汇总.doc

SCI论文写作中一些常用的句型总结(一) 很多文献已经讨论过了一、 在Introduction里面经常会使用到的一个句子：很多文献已经讨论过了。它的可能的说法有很多很多，这里列举几种我很久以前搜集的：A.Solar energy conversion by photoelectrochemical cellshas been intensively investigated.(Nature 1991, 353, 737 - 740)B.This was demonstrated in a number of studies thatshowed that composite plasmonic-metal/semiconductor photocatalysts achieved significantly higher rates in various photocatalytic reactions compared with their pure semiconductor counterparts.C.Several excellent reviews describingthese applications are available, and we do not discuss these topicsD.Much work so far has focused onwide band gap semiconductors for water splitting for the sake of chemical stability.（DOI:10.1038/NMAT3151）E.Recent developments ofLewis acids and water-soluble organometallic catalystshave attracted much attention.（Chem. Rev. 2002, 102, 36413666）F.An interesting approachin the use of zeolite as a water-tolerant solid acidwas described byOgawa et al（Chem.Rev. 2002, 102, 36413666）G.Considerable research efforts have been devoted tothe direct transition metal-catalyzed conversion of aryl halides toaryl nitriles. (J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 7984-7989)H.There are many excellent reviews in the literature dealing with the basic concepts ofthe photocatalytic processand the reader is referred in particular to those by Hoffmann and coworkers,Mills and coworkers, and Kamat.(Metal oxide catalysis,19,P755)I. Nishimiya and Tsutsumihave reported on（proposed）the influence of the Si/Al ratio of various zeolites on the acid strength, which were estimated by calorimetry using ammonia. (Chem.Rev. 2002, 102, 36413666)二、在results and discussion中经常会用到的：如图所示A. GIXRD patterns inFigure 1A showthe bulk structural information on as-deposited films.B.As shown in Figure 7B,the steady-state current density decreases after cycling between 0.35 and 0.7 V, which is probably due to the dissolution of FeOx.C.As can be seen fromparts a and b of Figure 7, the reaction cycles start with the thermodynamically most favorable VOx structures（J. Phys. Chem. C 2014, 118, 2495024958）这与XX能够相互印证：A.This is supported bythe appearance in the Ni-doped compounds of an ultravioletvisible absorption band at 420520nm (see Fig. 3 inset), corresponding to an energy range of about 2.9 to 2.3 eV.B. Thisis consistent with the observation fromSEMEDS. (Z.Zou et al. / Chemical Physics Letters 332 (2000) 271277)C.This indicates a good agreement betweenthe observed and calculated intensities in monoclinic with space groupP2/c when the O atoms are included in the model.D. The resultsare in good consistent withthe observed photocatalytic activity.E. Identical conclusions were obtained in studieswhere the SPR intensity and wavelength were modulated by manipulating the composition, shape,or size of plasmonic nanostructures.F.It was also found that areas of persistent divergent surface flowcoincidewithregions where convection appears to be consistently suppressed even when SSTs are above 27.5C. (二) 1. 值得注意的是.A.It must also be mentioned thatthe recycling of aqueous organic solvent is less desirable than that of pure organic liquid.B.Another interesting finding is thatzeolites with 10-membered ring pores showed high selectivities (99%) to cyclohexanol, whereas those with 12-membered ring pores, such as mordenite, produced large amounts of dicyclohexyl ether. (Chem. Rev. 2002, 102, 36413666)C.It should be pointed out thatthe nanometer-scale distribution of electrocatalyst centers on the electrode surface is also a predominant factor for high ORR electrocatalytic activity.D.Notably,the Ru II and Rh I complexes possessing the same BINAP chirality form antipodal amino acids as the predominant products.(Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2002, 41: 20082022)E. Given the multitude of various transformations published,it is noteworthy thatonly very few distinctactivationmethods have been identified.(Chem. Soc. Rev., 2009,38, 2178-2189)F.It is important to highlight thatthese two directing effects will lead to different enantiomers of the products even if both the “H-bond-catalyst” and thecatalystacting by steric shielding have the same absolute stereochemistry. (Chem. Soc. Rev.,2009,38, 2178-2189)G.It is worthwhile mentioning thatthese PPNDs can be very stable for several months without the observations of any floating or precipitated dots, which is attributed to the electrostatic repulsions between the positively charge PPNDs resulting in electrosteric stabilization.(Adv. Mater., 2012, 24: 20372041)2.仍然是个挑战A.There is thereby an urgent need but it is still a significant challenge torationally design and delicately tail or the electroactive MTMOs for advanced LIBs, ECs, MOBs, and FCs.（Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.2 014, 53, 1488 1504）B.However, systems that aresufficiently stable and efficient for practical usehave not yet been realized.C.Itremainschallengingtodevelop highly active HER catalysts based on materials that are more abundant at lower costs. (J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2011,133, 72967299)D.One of thegreatchallengesin the twenty-first centuryisunquestionably energy storage. (Nature Materials2005, 4, 366 - 377)众所周知A.It is well established (accepted) / It is known to all / It is commonly knownthatmany characteristics of functional materials, such as composition, crystalline phase, structural and morphological features, and the sur-/interface properties between the electrode and electrolyte, would greatly influence the performance of these unique MTMOs in electrochemical energy storage/conversion applications.（Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.2014,53, 1488 1504）B.It is generally accepted (believed) thatfor a-Fe2O3-based sensors the change in resistance is mainly caused by the adsorption and desorption of gases on the surface of the sensor structure. (Adv. Mater. 2005, 17, 582)C.As we all know,soybean abounds with carbon,nitrogenand oxygen elements owing to the existence of sugar,proteinsandlipids. (Chem. Commun., 2012,48, 9367-9369)D.There is no denying thattheir presence may mediate spin moments to align parallel without acting alone to show d0-FM. (Nanoscale, 2013,5, 3918-3930) (三) 1. 正如下文将提到的.A.As will be described below（也可以是As we shall see below）,as the Si/Al ratio increases, the surface of the zeolite becomes more hydrophobic and possesses stronger affinity for ethyl acetate and the number of acid sites decreases.（Chem. Rev. 2002, 102, 36413666）B. This behavior is to be expected andwillbefurtherdiscussedbelow. (J. Am. Chem. Soc.,1955,77, 37013707)C.There are also some small deviations with respect to the flow direction,which wewilldiscussbelow.（Science, 2001, 291, 630-633）D.Below,wewillseewhat this implies.E.Complete details of this casewillbe provided at alatertime.E.很多论文中，也经常直接用see below来表示，比如：The observation of nanocluster spheres at the ends of the nanowires is suggestive of a VLS growth process (seebelow). (Science, 1998, 279, 208-211)2. 这与XX能够相互印证.A.This is supported bythe appearance in the Ni-doped compounds of an ultravioletvisible absorption band at 420520 nm (see Fig. 3 inset), corresponding to an energy range of about 2.9 to 2.3 eVB.This is consistent with the observation fromSEMEDS. (Chem. Phys. Lett. 2000, 332, 271277)C.Identical conclusions were obtainedin studies where the SPR intensity and wavelength were modulated by manipulating the composition, shape, or size of plasmonic nanostructures.（Nat. Mater. 2011, DOI: 10.1038/NMAT3151）D. In addition, the shape of the titration curve versus the PPi/1 ratio,coinciding with thatobtained by fluorescent titration studies, suggested that both 2:1 and 1:1 host-to-guest complexes are formed. (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 9463-9464)E.This unusual luminescence behavior isin accord witha recent theoretical prediction; MoS2, an indirect bandgap material in its bulk form, becomes a direct bandgap semiconductor when thinned to a monolayer.(Nano Lett.,2010,10, 12711275)3.我们的研究可能在哪些方面得到应用A.Our ndings suggest thatthe use of solar energy for photocatalytic water splittingmight provide a viable source forclean hydrogen fuel, once the catalytic efciency of the semiconductor system has been improved by increasing its surface area and suitable modications of the surface sites.B. Along with this green and cost-effective protocol of synthesis,we expect thatthese novel carbon nanodotshave potential applications inbioimaging and electrocatalysis.(Chem. Commun., 2012,48, 9367-9369)C.This system could potentially be applied asthe gain medium of solid-state organic-based lasers or as a component of high value photovoltaic (PV) materials, where destructive high energy UV radiation would be converted to useful low energy NIR radiation. (Chem. Soc. Rev., 2013,42, 29-43)D.Since the use ofgraphenemay enhance the photocatalytic properties of TiO2under UV and visible-light irradiation,grapheneTiO2compositesmay potentially be used toenhance the bactericidal activity.(Chem. Soc. Rev., 2012,41, 782-796)E.It is the first report that CQDs are both amino-functionalized and highly fluorescent,which suggests their promising applications inchemical sensing.(Carbon, 2012,50,28102815) (四) 1. 什么东西还尚未发现/系统研究A. However,systems that are sufficiently stable and efficient for practical usehave not yet been realized.B. Nevertheless,for conventional nanostructured MTMOs as mentioned above,some problematic disadvantages cannot be overlooked.（Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.2014,53, 1488 1504）C.There are relatively few studies devoted todetermination of cmc values for block copolymer micelles. (Macromolecules 1991, 24, 1033-1040)D. This might be the reason why, despite of the great influence of the preparation on the catalytic activity of gold catalysts,no systematic study concerningthe synthesis conditionshas been published yet.(Applied Catalysis A: General2002, 226, 113)E.These possibilities remain to beexplored.F.Further effort is required tounderstand and better control the parameters dominating the particle surface passivation and resulting properties for carbon dots of brighter photoluminescence. (J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2006,128, 77567757)2.由于/因为.A.Liquid ammoniais particularly attractive asan alternative to waterdue toits stability in the presence of strong reducing agents such as alkali metals that are used to access lower oxidation states.B.The unique nature ofthe cyanide ligandresults fromits ability to act both as a donor and a acceptor combined with its negativecharge and ambidentate nature.C.Qdots are also excellent probes for two-photon confocal microscopybecausethey are characterized by a very large absorption cross section(Science 2005,307, 538-544).D.As a result ofthe reductive strategy we used and of the strong bonding between the surface and the aryl groups, low residual currents (similar to those observed at a bare electrode) were obtained over a large window of potentials, the same as for the unmodified parent GC electrode. (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 5883-5884)E.The small Tafel slope of the defect-rich MoS2 ultrathin nanosheets is advantageous for practicalapplications,sinceit will lead to a faster increment of HER rate with increasing overpotential.(Adv. Mater., 2013, 25: 58075813)F. Fluorescent carbon-based materials have drawn increasing attention in recent yearsowing toexceptional advantages such as high optical absorptivity, chemical stability, biocompatibility, and low toxicity.(Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2013, 52: 39533957)G.On the basis ofmeasurements of the heat of immersion of water on zeolites, Tsutsumi etal. claimed that the surface consists of siloxane bondings and is hydrophobicin the region of low Al content. (Chem. Rev. 2002, 102, 36413666)H.Nanoparticle spatial distributions might have a large significance for catalyst stability,given thatmetal particle growth is a relevant deactivation mechanism for commercial catalysts.3. .很重要A.The inhibition of additional nucleation during growth, in other words, the complete separationof nucleation and growth,iscritical(essential, important)forthe successful synthesis of monodisperse nanocrystals. (Nature Materials3, 891 - 895 (2004)B.In the current study,Cys,homocysteine(Hcy) andglutathione(GSH) were chosen as modelthiolcompounds since theyplay important (significant, vital, critical) rolesin many biological processes and monitoring of thesethiolcompoundsis of great importance fordiagnosis of diseases.(Chem. Commun., 2012,48, 1147-1149)C.This is because according to nucleation theory,what really mattersin addition to the change in temperature T(or supersaturation) is the cooling rate.(Chem. Soc. Rev., 2014,43, 2013-2026) (五)1. 相反/不同于A.On the contrary,mononuclear complexes, called single-ion magnets (SIM), have shown hysteresis loops of butterfly/phonon bottleneck type, with negligible coercivity, and therefore with much shorter relaxation times of magnetization. (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2014, 53: 44134417)B.In contrast,the Dy compound has significantly larger value of the transversal magnetic moment already in the ground state (ca. 101B), therefore allowing a fast QTM. （Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2014, 53: 44134417）C.In contrast tothe structural similarity of these complexes, their magnetic behavior exhibits strong divergence.(Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2014, 53: 44134417)D.Contrary toother conducting polymer semiconductors, carbon nitride ischemically and thermally stable and does not rely on complicated device manufacturing. (Nature materials, 2009, 8(1): 76-80.)E.Unlikethe spherical particles they are derived from that Rayleigh light-scatter in the blue, these nanoprisms exhibit scattering in the red, which could be useful in developing multicolor diagnostic labels on the basis not only of nanoparticle composition and size but also of shape. (Science 2001, 294, 1901-1903)2. 发现，阐明，报道，证实可供选择的词包括：verify, confirm, elucidate, identify, define, characterize, clarify, establish, ascertain, explain, observe, illuminate, illustrate，demonstrate, show, indicate, exhibit, presented, reveal, display, manifest，suggest, propose, estimate, prove, imply, disclose，report, describe，facilitate the identification of举例：A. These stacks appear as nanorods in the two-dimensional TEM images, but tilting experimentsconfirmthat they are nanoprisms.(Science 2001, 294, 1901-1903)B. Note that TEMshowsthat about 20% of the nanoprisms are truncated.(Science 2001, 294, 1901-1903)C. Therefore, these calculations not only allow us toidentifythe important features in the spectrum of the nanoprisms but also the subtle relation between particle shape and the frequency of the bands that make up their spectra.(Science 2001, 294, 1901-1903)D. Weobserveda decrease in intensity of the characteristic surface plasmon band in the ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy for the spherical particles at max= 400 nm with a concomitant growth of three new bands of max= 335 (weak), 470 (medium), and 670 nm (strong), respectively. (Science 2001, 294, 1901-1903)E. In this article, we present datademonstratingthat opiate and nonopiate analgesia systems can be selectively activated by different environmental manipulations anddescribethe neural circuitry involved. (Science 1982, 216, 1185-1192)F. Thissuggeststhat the cobalt in CoP has a partial positive charge (+), while the phosphorus has a partial negative charge (),implyinga transfer of electron density from Co to P.(Angew. Chem., 2014, 126: 68286832)3. 如何指出当前研究的不足A. Although these inorganic substructures can exhibit a high density of functional groups, such as bridging OH groups, and the substructures contribute significantly to the adsorption properties of the material,surprisingly little attention has been devoted tothe post-synthetic functionalization of the inorganic units within MOFs. (Chem. Eur. J., 2013, 19: 55335536.)B.Little is known,however, about the microstructure of this material. (Nature Materials 2013,12, 554561)C.So far, very little information is available, and only inthe absorber film, not in the whole operational devices. （Nano Lett.,2014,14(2), pp 888893）D.In fact it should be noted that very little optimisation work has been carried out onthese devices. (Chem. Commun., 2013,49, 7893-7895)E. By far the most architectures have been prepared using a solution processed perovskite material,yet a few examples have been reported thathave used an evaporated perovskite layer. (Adv. Mater., 2014, 27: 18371841.)F. Water balance issues have been effectively addressed in PEMFC technology through a large body of work encompassing imaging, detailed water content and water balance measurements, materials optimization and modeling,but very few of these activities have been undertaken foranion exchange membrane fuel cells, primarily due to limited materials availability and device lifetime. (J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys., 2013, 51: 17271735)G. However,none of these studiestested for Th17 memory, a recently identified T cell that specializes in controlling extracellular bacterial infections at mucosal surfaces. (PNAS, 2013,111, 787792)H. However,uncertainty still remains as tothe mechanism by which Li salt addition results in an extension of the cathodic reduction limit. (Energy Environ. Sci., 2014,7, 232-250)I.There have been a number of high profile cases where failure toidentify the most stable crystal form of a drug has led to severe formulation problems in manufacture. (Chem. Soc. Rev., 2014,43, 2080-2088)J. However,these measuremen