重点句型.doc

重要的短语、句型和惯用法（二）1.There be 结构 a.这是英语中常见的一种结构，表示“某地有某物”其含义为“存在有”。 have也解释为“有”但是与there be有区别，它的含义是“所有，属有”，其主语为某人。eg.I have a nice watch. b.There be 结构中的be动词要和后面所跟的第一位名词保持一致。 There _(be) a pen and two pencils in the box.问：Is there a river near our school.回答：Yes, there is. No, there isnt.d.there be 结构的一般将来时，同学们较难掌握，其正确形式为：there is going to be/ there will be There is going to _ a football match this afternoon. A.have B.watch C.be D.playThey are sure that they are going to _ a rest soon. A.be B.have C.be on D.on e.反意疑问句的构成：There is no/little water in the glass, _ there? There is a little water in the cup, _ there?2.so,neither引导的倒装句,为了避免和前一句话的内容重复，英语中习惯用so, neither引导的倒装句。 a.So+be(助动词，情态动词)+主语。表示某人也是如此。Lily is fifteen. So _ I. Mike has bought some foreign stamps. So _ Bob.=Bob has bought some,too. b.Neither+be(助动词，情态动词)主语，表示某人也不。eg.Mother has never been to Japan. Neither _ Father.=Father has never been to Japan, either. c.So主语be(助动词，情态动词)。表示果真如此(赞同), 请同学们与a.区别。.A:Mike is right in the classroom. B:So _(is he / he is).=He is really in the class room. 3.Its+时间+since动词过去式。自从.起已有.时间了。It_(be) two weeks since we met last.(自从我们上次见面已有两个星期了)5.祈使句+or.否则.eg. Work hard, or you will fall behind the other students. =If you dont work hard, youll fall behind the other 6. The+比较级.，the+比较级. 越.越. eg.The more, the better. 越多越好。 _(hard) you work on it, _(good) youll be at it.(你越用功，你就越好。)7.How do you like the film? =What do you think of the film? (你认为这部电影怎样？) _ do like the book? (What, How)8.What.do with.?怎样对付.?怎样处理.? =How to deal with ? 虽然中文为怎样，我们绝不可照字面翻译为how. _ have you done with the library book? (What, How)_ have you dealt with the library book? (What, How)9.I dont know _ to do.我不知道该怎么办？ I dont know _ to do it10.What.be like?.是什么样的？ =How is ?_is the weather like? 天气如何？= _ is the weather ?_ is your father like? _ is your school ? 你们学校是什么样的？(What, How)11.What.for?为何目的？=Why.?为什么？_ do you want a science lab for?_ do you want a science lab? 12.one of +最高级复数 最.之一eg. Miss Zhao is one of _(popular teacher). 13.find it +形容词+to do eg.I find _(that, it, they) useful to learn English well. (我发觉学好英语是很有用的) find +宾语 +名词eg.I find him a good boy. (我发现他是个好男孩.) find +宾语 +形容词I find the door _(open, opened, opening) 14.I dont think+肯定句 我想.不 eg.I dont think Ill take it. (我想我不买它了)请注意:中文意思否定在从句中,但是英语的表达否定在主句中。 15.prefer A to B=like A better than B 更喜欢A不怎么喜欢B.eg. I prefer fish to chicken.= I like fish better than chicken 16.had better do sth.最好干某事.否定:had better not do sth.特别注意:had better后面跟be动词词组,不可漏掉be.eg.Youd better _(catch) a train.Youd better _(not talk) in class. Youd better not _( be late) for the class. 17.It is good (nice)of+宾格+to do sth.eg. It is very good of you _(teach) me English. (你教我英语真是太好了) 18.It takes sb. some time to do sth.(干某事化费某人多少时间)=sb.spend some time on sth. (in) doing sth. eg.It took me half an hour _(do) the work.=I spent half an hour (in) _(do) the work. 19.sb.pay 钱 for 物 某物化费了某人多少钱=sb.spend 钱 on 物 =物 cost sb.钱 , pay的过去式为paid 而不是payed. eg.I paid thirty yuan for the coat. =I spent thirty yuan on the coat. =The coat _(paid, spent,cost )me thirty yuan. 20.have been to 某人曾去过某地,现在人不在那儿 sb.have been in +地点 某人呆在某地(一段时间) have gone to 某人已去某地,人不在这儿 Where have you _(been, gone)? I have looked for everywhere.21. too形容词(副词)+to太而不能 太以致于不eg.The basket is too heavy for me _( carry). 这篮子太重我拿不动。 This colour TV is _(very, too, so) expensive for us to buy. 这台彩电对我们来说太贵了，买不起。so.that 如此.以致于.上面的too.to结构的句子，可以换成so.that 引导的句子转换。The basket is _(very, too, so) heavy that I cant carry it. This colour TV is _(very, too, so) expensive that we cant afford it. This is _ (very, too, so, such) an expensive TV that we cant afford it. 22.Whats the population of .? .人口有多少？ 不说How much population in.?形容人口数量的大用large eg.The population of China _(be) ten times as large as that of the USA . Three fifths of the population _(be) farmers in the country.24.not.until (连词)方才，才 25.neither.nor. 既不.也不. either.or. 或者.或者.eg.Neither Tom nor his brother _(know) how to spell the word hundred. Either you or she _(be) right. (谓语动词就近原则) both.and. 两者都. eg.Both Jim and I _(be) in Grade One (主语看作复数) 26感叹句，What + adj. + 名词（ + 主语+ 谓语）！ _ a nice picture it is! _ nice pictures they are! _ pictures they are! How + adj. / adv. (+ 主语+ 谓语）！ _ tall Yao Ming is! _ carefully you think about it. 27反义疑问句Unit 10 Its a nice day, isnt it?一、反义疑问句概念： 在一个陈述句之后附上一个简短的疑问句，对陈述句提出相反的疑问，这种疑问句叫反意疑问句。 如：1. Flue is scary, isnt it? 流感很恐怖，不是吗？ 2. We speak Chinese, dont we? 我们讲汉语，不是吗？二、反意疑问句结构： 结构一：前肯，+ 后否 即：陈述部分是肯定句，疑问部分用否定结构。 eg. SARS is scary, isnt it? 结构二：前否，+ 后肯 即：陈述部分是否定句，疑问部分用肯定结构。eg. Flue isnt scary, is it?但也有部分特殊情况，请详记！1. 当陈述句主语为下列情况，疑问部分主语需做相应变化： This/That -it These/Thosethey There-there To do/Doing/从句-it something/anythingnothing/everything-it someone/anyone/ no one/ everyonehe/they This is an umbrella, _ _? These are mice, _ _? There is too much traffic in the street, _ _? To see is to believe, _ _? Something is wrong with the robot, _ _?Everything goes well, _ _? Someone has taken away my dictionary, _ _? Nobody has come along until now, _ _?2. 当陈述部分为下列情况时, 疑问部分需做相应变化： Im arent I? Im not- am I？ Lets- shall we? Let us-will you? Let me-will you? 祈使句, + will you? Im an astronaut, _ _? Im not a collector, _ _? Lets look through todays newspaper, _ _? Let us cross the river, _ _? Let me turn down the music, _ _? Dont cut in line, _ _? 3. 陈述句中含有not, no, nothing , nobody, never, hardly, seldom (很少), neither, few, little, tooto等否定词时, 疑问部分常用肯定形式。(但否定前缀词unhappy, unlike, uncomfortable, dislike, 不包含在内。如: He is unhappy, isnt he? ) I can hardly stand the noise, _ _? She has few friends because she is new, _ _? There will less population, _ _? The boy is unlike his mother, _ _?4. 在主从复合句中, 疑问部分多根据主句变换。 I have lived here since I was born, _ _?但I /We think (believe/suppose假定) + that 从句, 疑问部分多根据从句变换。 I think the present is personal enough, _ _? We dont think he can go through the forest by noon, _ _?【练一练】1)I am a farmer, _?2) What he said is true, _?3)Kate came here last month, _?4)I dont think Tom is at home, _?5)There werent enough nuts, _?6) To see is to believe, _?7)The man had bread for lunch, _?8)Mary can speak little English, _?9)Nothing is wrong with him, _?10) Everyone knows him, _?11) Predicting the future is hard, _?12) Sit down please, _? 13) Dont smoke here, _?14) Lets go home, _?15) Let us clean the room, _?16) Let me see, _?17) This is a dictionary, _?18) Those are mice, _?19) We believe youll win the game, _? 20) She was seldom late for school, _?21) I have never been to Australia, _? 22) Few people knew the news, _? 23) Tom has never been to England, _? 24) I dislike to go out with him, _?反意疑问句练习( ) 1、Youd better have a rest,_?a. wont you b. wouldnt you C. hadnt you d. havent you( ) 2. Jane said that yesterday she had a good time,_? A. didnt she B. did she C. hadnt she D. was she( ) 3. Lets go to see the film,_?A . will you b. wont you c. shall we d. shant we( ) 4. Mr. White must have arrived by plane,_?A. did he B. mustnt he C. must he D. didnt he ( ) 5. At the meeting, they didnt agree with us?_? a. did they b. didnt they c. had they d. were they ( ) 6. Dont forget to close the window,_? a. do you b. have you . c. will you d. did you( ) 7. What he told us is very interesting,_? a. isnt it b. isnt they c. cant they d. is it ( ) 8. I dont believe they can pass the exam._? A. does he b. cant he c. doesnt he d. can they ( ) 9. She never told us why she would come,_? A. didnt she B. wouldnt she C. would she D. did she ( ) 10.Mary imagines that her classmates want to visit her,_? A. wouldnt they B. do they c. dont they d. will they ( ) 11. They are tired but they have to finish their homework,_? A. oughtnt they b. wont they c. mustnt they d. dont they ( ) 12. To do morning exercises has helped improve our health,_? a. hasnt it b. has it c. doesnt it d. does it ( ) 13. Let me help you with your English study,_? a. could I b. shall I c. will you d. would you ( ) 14. You must have read that novel last week._? a. didnt you b. havent you c. have you d. did you ( ) 15. There wont be any meeting this evening,_? a. will it b. is it c. wont be it d. will there( ) 16. Youd like some coffee,_? a. wouldnt you b. hadnt you c. didnt you d. shouldnt you ( ) 17. - Susan cant drive. - No, she cant _? a. does she b. is she c. not she d. can she ( ) 18. - You must do as I tell you - Oh, I must, _? a. must I b. neednt I c. shouldnt I d. mustnt I ( ) 19. Im very dirty,_? a. dont I b. amnt I c. isnt I d. arent I ( ) 20. What a lovely doy,_? a. we have b. isnt it c. it is d. havent we( ) 21.Daniel didnt like to do that, did he? _. a. No, he didnt b. Yes , he didnt like to. c. No. he didnt liked d. Yes, he liked it.( ) 22.There was little bread in the cupboard,_? a. werent there b. was it c. was there d. wasnt there( ) 23. Something is difficult in your life,_? a. is it b. isnt it c. are they d. arent they ( ) 24. Dont be careless again,_?a. are you b. do you c. did you d. will you ( ) 25. They have to do work,_? a. oughtnt they b. mustnt they c. wont they d. dont they ( ) 26. Youd rather not do it ,_? a. should you b. would you c. wouldnt you d. must you ( ) 27. I hope they wont have to wait all day,_? a. wont they b. dont they c. will they d, wont I ( ) 28. I dont think he is to blame,_? a. do I b. is he c. isnt he d. does he ( ) 29. Go and fetch some water,_? a. wont you b. dont you c. shall you d. would you ( ) 30. Tom said he wasnt feeling well,_? a. did he b. was he c. wasnt he d. didnt he反意疑问句练习40句1These tools are useful, _ ? This isnt a fast train, _ ?2John has grown a lot, _ ? Mary failed her exam, _ ?3The old man wouldnt believe you, _ ?4She doesnt smoke, _ ? He smoke a lot, _ ?5They often watch TV, _ ? 6There is no doubt about it, _ ?7There are 5 students in the classroom, _ ?8He hasnt any brothers, _ ? He doesnt have any brothers, _ ?9You all had a good time, _ ?10He always has trouble with his health, _ ?11You have a bad cold, _ ?12We have to get up at 4 oclock tomorrow, _ ?13They had to leave early, _ ?14We havent got to answer all the questions in the exam per, _ ?15Anna hasnt got to go to school on Sunday, _ ?16Tom has bought a new coat, _ ?17He used to live in the village, _ ?18There used to be a cinema here before the war, _ ?19Such things ought not to be allowed, _ ?20He ought to be punished, _ ? We ought to go, _ ?21We neednt wait for him, _ ?22He doesnt need to work so late, _ ?23He often needs help with his homework, _ ?24He dare try, _ ? He didnt dare to go, _ ?25You can drive a car, _ ? I could try again, _ ?26She cant be a nurse, _ ? 27They cant have gone home, _ ?28They must be teachers, _ ?29They must have gone to the library, _ ?30You must hand in your homework, _ ?31Lets go home, _ ? Let us go home, _ ?40Pass me the water, _ ？ 练习题： 1.-Where is Mary? -Oh, she _ the librory. A.has gone to B.went to C.has been to D.had gone to 2.He knew little about the film _ he saw it yesterday evening. A.if B.since C.until D.because 3.I_ change his mind. Dont worry, Hell surely come to get it. A.think he wont B.think he will C.dont think he wont D.dont think he will 4.- _do you_ the TV play? - Not bad, I think. A.How;think of B.What;like C.How;like D.What;think 5. I _ have a good time _ the party. A.hope you will;at B.like you; on C.hope you to ;in D.want you that; from 完成句子： 1.中国有多少人口，中国的人口大约是世界人口的四分之一。 _