民航英语ICAO4复习.doc

If emergency evacuation is necessary, how will you execute it?If I have to carry out the emergency evacuation, before landing, I will inform ATC that we are going to carry out the emergency evacuation and request the emergency services on arrival. And I will tell the cabin crew to ask them to be ready for emergency evacuation after landing. And I will make a passenger announcement, just like “ladies and gentlemen, this is captain speaking. Dont worry! We are experienced crew, and we can control this situation. We can ensure your safety. After landing follow the flight attendants instruction to evacuate the aircraft as soon as possible ,thank you for your cooperation”!After landing, I will try my best to stop the aircraft on the runway. Then I will tell the purser to evacuate from left or right. After the procedure is completed in the cockpit, I will ask my first officer to go to help the cabin crew to evacuate the passengers. At last, as a captain, I should ensure I am the last one to leave the aircraft.Do you think simulator training is important/necessary/useful? Why?I think simulator training is very important. It can help us to be familiar with abnormal or emergency situations and the related procedures. We can practice standard call out, communication with ATC and cooperation with other flight crew. We can practice the way to carry out the ECAM action, and we can improve our flying skills. Practice makes perfect. When we actually encounter the abnormal situation in flight, we can deal with it quickly and correctly.Say something about RVSM.RVSM stands for reduced vertical separation minimum, it means the vertical separation between FL 290 to FL410 is reduced from 2000 feet to 1000feet. It can increase flight level and increase the capacity of airspace. It can reduce operation delay, and improve efficiency of airline operation. It can reduce the controllers workload. It is easy for the controllers to adjust the traffic. But it increase the pilots workload, because the pilots need to watch out carefully to prevent conflict. Say something about CRM.CRM stands for Crew resource management .CRM in the cockpit is to maximize the usage of equipments and cockpit crew. good task sharing and effective communications between crew members are really important for a captain , as for a first officer, to provide information and contributing ideas to help the captain to make a decision is also very helpful.CRM is very important for flight safety, Good CRM can reduce the workload and prevent human errors. Manage a big aircraft with many advanced equipments is now more difficult without proper task sharing . And many mistakes can be identified and prevented by effective communication using CRM. Keeping good CRM can help pilots in reducing mistake and it is very efficient in ensuring flight safety as welll still remember the accident happened in 1993. A BAe146 flew from Yinchuang to Beijin. After startup, the pilot forgot to set the takeoff flaps. Before takeoff, they didnt carry out the preflight checklist according to the SOP. During takeoff roll, the takeoff configuration warning didnt sound because it was failed. Then the ac rushed out of the runway. Thats a disaster. We can see several small errors can cause a disaster. If they kept good CRM, they would avoid this disaster.Do you think preflight preparation is important?I think preflight preparation is very important to insure the flight safety. During the preflight preparation, I should get all kinds of information. Such as, weather information, navigation information and aircraft conditions. All of them are very useful to help us to make a safe flight. For example, the weather information. Before flight , I must check the weather on route, and the weather at the destination. If I find there is bad weather on route, I will add more fuel and request to go round the bad weather. Otherwise we will encounter severe turbulence, lightning strike and heavy rain. They are very dangerous for flight. If the weather at the destination below the minimum, I will delay my flight. Whats the quality and duty of being a pilot?I think being a pilot, the most important thing is to ensure the flight safety. In order to get this target, he must have the following qualities: first, he must have strong sense of responsibility. he should carry the passengers from city to city safely. At the same time, he should provide comfortable services with other crew members to the passengers. Secondly, he must have excellent flying skills. If something abnormal happens, he can deal with it quickly and correctly. thirdly, he should have a good understanding of CRM. CRM is very important for flight safety .Good CRM can reduce workload and prevent human errors. Finally because this job is very stressful, he must have a healthy body. Do you think English is very important?I think English is very important for pilots to ensure flight safety, because ECAM messages are displayed in English, and the operation manuals and checklists are all written in English. In the international flight, we have to communicate with foreign controllers in English to get information to ensure flight safety. I think English is also very useful. It is a tool which can help us to communicate with people from other countries. It can enlarge my scope of view, so I can get more information from the world. Everytime I must use the English in my flight. Because I must make the passenger announcement. For example if I must carry out the emergency evacuation ,I must make a passenger announcement. Just like :” ladies and gentlemen, this is captain speaking. Dont worry! We are experienced crew, and we can control this situation. We can ensure your safety. After landing follow the flight attendants instruction to evacuate the ac as soon as possible ,thank you for you cooperation”How should pilots cooperate with ATC to ensure the flight safety?I think firstly the pilots should follow the ATC clearance or instructions strictly. Because you know, many incidents or unsafe events result from misunderstanding of ATCs instructions. secondly, if you encounter some emergency situation, such as medical emergency, or system failure, you need to report to ATC controller immediately and try to get as much assistance as possible. So good communication between ATC and pilot can play an important role in maintaining flight safety.Do you think RVSM can solve all problems of traffic congestion?No , I dont think so.First, I think it only releases the en-route congestion.Second, we have a lot of delays that are caused by the flow control and military activities/operations. The RVSM cannot solve them.Third, some problems of traffic congestion are caused by the weather. For example, If we encounter the heavy thunderstorm or dense fog, we have to wait.What we can do is to co-operate/co-ordinate with the ATC.What is the purpose of RVSM ?The purpose is to increase the air flow. It can reduce the traffic congestion.To increase the capacity (ability) of the same routes to cope with increasing traffic .c)How to improve CRM?First the captain must improve the communication between other crew members. Effective communication is very important for the pilot to ensure the flight safty.Second the power gradient between captain and first officer should be appropriate . if the power gradient is very high. The first officer will be afraid of the captain. And he can not help the captain to make a decision when they encounter an emergency situation.Third the cockpit crew should focus on what is right (not who is right ) when solving a problem 6. Can you tell me about your hobbies or interests? I am very busy ,so I have no spare time.。 But I am interested in many things such as sports ,playing football, reading book and newspaper.7 What are the most important things in dealing with an unusual event?Firstly,pilots must keep calm, the captain must control the attitude of the aircraft. Then he should tell ATC about the situation and request as much assistance as possible. And the first officer must carry out the ECAM action and the checklist. If the problem is under control, we can continue the flight. If we can not control this problem, we must request to land at the nearest suitable airport. 8. When you are flying and you encounter wind shear, how do you notify the tower? How can ATC help? When we encounter the windshear,，the first reaction is to control the aircraft.the captain will decide whether to hold or divert to the alternate. After that , pilots should notify ATC the windshear position, height and speed change.The ATC may tell the windshear information to the other aircraft. 9. What do you do if a passenger has a heart attack? I think firstly we should take first aid and notice the passengers to try my best to find out a doctor on board. And then we should request ATC for landing at nearest suitable airport as soon as possible.and request the ambulance after landing. 10. What do you do if your Captain/First officer has a heart attack? I will let other crew members to take his place,and notice the passengers to try my best to find out a doctor on board.Then inform ATC our situation and request for priority landing at the nearest suitable airport and request medical assistance after landing 5.Can you tell me about your hometown? 你能讲讲你的家乡吗？My hometown is Shanghai, its beautiful. About 20 million people call it their home. Its famouse as Oriental pearl all over the world. There are many tall buildings. Commercial districts such as Nanjing Road ,Huaihai Road and Sichuan Road are always bustling. Its the commerce, economy, finance and culture centre of china. 我的家乡是上海，她很漂亮。大约有2000万人都称她为家。她以东方明珠闻名于世。这里高楼林立。像南京路、淮海路、四川路这样的商业区总是熙熙攘攘的。她是中国的商业，金融，经济，文化中心。7.Why did you choose to be a pilot? 你为什麽选择当飞行员？To be a pilot is my dream since I was a child, so I worked hard to realize my dream. I think pilot is a good and challenging job. I can fly in the sky freely. I can go different places to experience different cultures and taste different food and to make more friends.I am proud of my job. 9.When was your first flight? 首次飞行是在什麽时候？ My first flight was in 2005, when I was at the civil aviation Flight College in mianyang, sichuan province. I can remember it was a fine day, the temperature was 20 centigrade degrees. Under the direction of our instructor ,I flew into the sky for the first time. I felt so excited, happy, and also proud. 10/11.Where did you do your training? 你在什麽地方训练？ I did my first training at civil aviation Flight College which located in guanghan of sichuan Province. After I went to airline company, I went to zhuhai for training. now, I train at the simulation training centre of shanghai pudong 12.When did you start learning English? 你什麽时候开始学英语？Istarted my English learning in 1997, when I was in my middle school. The school didnt pay much attention to our English study, so I didnt have the opportunity to learn it by the numbers. After I went to the airline company, especially I began to fly A330,I felt that my English level is too low,I decided to restart my English study. Now ICAO requires us with certain English level, so English study becomes a necessarily.16.What do you think of this English training? 你对这次英语培训有什麽想法？Firstly, I improved myself a lot in English. Secondly, I also made a lot of friends here and Ive learned a lot from them. And also ,this training provides me a rare opportunity to improve myself. I enjoy this training very much.17.What did you learn? 你学到了什麽？The most important thing I learned hereis English, and then the aviation knowledge. Our teachers are all professionals in aviation English, so I was lucky to have the opportunity study here.18.What are the advantages of your job?/What things do you like about your current job? 你的工作的优点是什麽？/你喜欢你目前工作的哪一点？As a pilot, I can fly in the sky freely. I can go different places to experience different cultures and taste different food and to make more friends.1. Are the thunderstorms different in northern china compared to southern china? Why?Yes, they are different in many ways. Thunderstorms in southern China are often stronger and more frequent than in the north. They often last for a short time and can happen at low altitude. And the range of the thunderstorms in the south is often wider than in the north.2. Can you give a brief description of the weather radar system on your aircraft? Is it very easy to use?Yes, the weather radar on my aircraft can detect 80 miles of accurate weather conditions ahead of us. There are three colors displayed on the weather radar: red, yellow and green. The red area indicates severe weather and heavy rain, the yellow area indicates moderate weather, the green area indicates no weather.Yes, its very easy to use. If we find any red or yellow area ahead of us on the weather radar, we can ask ATC to change our route to go round it. And we only turn on the weather radar when severe weather is reported or we fly at night.3. Can you describe some stages of a thunderstorm?All thunderstorms go through three stages: the cumulus stage, the mature stage, and the dissipating stage. These three stages can last from 20 minutes to several hours. During the cumulus stage, strong updrafts act to build the storm. The mature stage is marked by heavy rain and cool downdrafts in part of the storm. In the dissipating stage, when the warm updrafts disappear completely, rain becomes light and the cloud begins to dissipate.4. Is wind shear a possible result of this weather? Why?Yes, because wind shear is the sudden change of wind speed and direction, and this weather often has downdraft(下降气流) and updraft（上升气流）, it will easily cause the wind shear to happen.5. What are the possible effects on your aircraft if you fly through this weather?If I fly through this weather I will possibly encounter the lightning strike, the wind shear, the icing conditions and severe turbulence6. In your experience which airports are you likely to encounter this weather? Do you know the reason?Some coast cities such as Xiamen and Dalian are likely to encounter this weather, because these cities have maritime climate, the thunderstorm activities are very frequent in these areas.7. Does your company have any special requirements and procedures regarding airport where wind shear is common?Yes, our company has some special requirements for this kind of airports. For example, some senior captains will be arranged to fly to these airports.你为什么选择东航或者民营航空公司I have no choice. Because before I entered into the Civil Aviation Flight College. The china eastern airlines came to my hometown to recruit the new pilot. After I passed the physical examination，I signed the contract with the china eastern airlines. Then they sent me to civil aviation Flight College to study. After I was graduate. I had to come back to the china eastern airline. 1. What are the functions of flaps? After the flaps are extended, the wing area is increased. During take off , flaps can be used to increase the lift, it can reduce the taking off distance and the rotation speed. During landing, flaps can be used to reduce the landing speed, and landing distance by increasing the lift.2. Can you describe the landing gear on your plane?Have you ever had any problems with the hydraulic pressure system during flight?On my plane, the landing gear is retractable. Normally, the hydraulic pressure of the landing gear is supplied by green system. If green system fails, we can manually extend the landing gear.I have never encountered hydraulic system problem during the real flight, because our aircraft seldom have the hydraulic system failure. But I often practice this situation in the simulator. We only need to follow the checklist if we meet this problem.3. What would be impacted by a hydraulic system failure? Could you name a few?If only one system fails, there wont be much impact. However, if we lose two or more hydraulic system, many equipment or systems cannot operate normally.For example, the reverser, flight control system, landing gear, nose wheel steering, and brakes will be inoperative.4. During your simulator session, do you have any training related to a hydraulic system failure? Can you say something about it?Yes, we have trainings related to hydraulic system failure. For example, loss of tow hydraulic systems, we must manually control the aircraft, then carry out the ECAM action and follow the checklist step by step to deal with this situation, including manually extending the landing gear and use the alternate hydraulic system to ext