全国高考英语短文改错专题ppt课件.pptx

2017届高三英语短文改错专题 1 命题特点 短文改错短文长度在110词左右 体裁为记叙文 题材为考生熟知的内容 设题的形式通常是多词和缺词各1题 错词8题 设题以句为单位 每句最多两处错误 2 设错方式 1 缺词补漏 Ilikeplayingpiano the 2 多词删除 I mmoretallerthanhim 3 错词更正 IamfondatEnglish of 注意 1 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词 2 只允许修改10处 多者 从第11处起 不记分 3 四不改 1 标点符号不改 2 大小写不改 3 单词拼写不改 4 语序错误不改 4 短文改错的失分原因 1 基础知识不够扎实全面 语法功底不够深厚 对英汉两种语言表达上的差异不甚清楚 使用时频频出现 中式英语 2 对高考短文改错题的命题方向缺乏了解 因而答题时缺乏经验 思考的针对性 方向性很差 积累 技巧 失分原因 5 错误设置及考点分布 两大类型 逻辑错误 语法错误 词法错误 句法错误 6 2014 2016全国卷短文改错知识点分布 7 解题技巧 错词词法方面 动词的时态 语态错误 形容词或副词的误用 名词的单复数错误 代词误用 介词误用 连词误用 非谓语动词形式错误等 句法方面 名词性从句连接词 定语从句关系词和主谓一致等 多词或缺词主要考查冠词 介词或代词 不定式符号to 8 1 不定冠词a和an互改2 不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改3 根据需要增删冠词 注意惯用法 一 冠词常见错误 9 高考真题 1 NowIamlivinginacity butImissmyhomeincountryside 2 Inafact heevenscaredmyclassmatesawaywhentheycameovertoplay 3 Ifyou dliketomaketriptoourcitysomeday Iwillbebetterthanhappytobeyourguide the a 10 4 Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsofbecomingrichintheshortperiodoftime 5 Butinthatcase wewilllearnlittleaboutworld 6 Atthefirst IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbymyself 7 Asresult theplantsaregrowingeverywhere 8 ThatdayIdidn tlearnmuchaboutanimals insectsortrees butIlearntaimpressivelessonaboutgravity a the a an 11 1 冠词的基本用法 2 固定搭配 解决方案 12 二 名词常见错误 1 单复数用错 2 可数与不可数名词的混用 3 动词 形容词转化为名词时的错误 13 高考真题 1 Oneday littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent 2 Theteenageyearfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme 3 Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier 4 Ifwegoonatripabroad wecanbroadenourviewandgainknowledges 5 Istayedhereforoneandahalfhourandmadesurethatthegirlwasallhopeyouunderstand parents years air knowledge hours 14 6 Withinthenextfewminute mygrandfatheralsocaughtafish 7 Somefriendsofhisgotoseehimeveryday theytakehimlotsofgoodbookandfreshfruit 8 Christiewasoneofmybestfriendathighschool 9 I dliketostaythereforhalfamonth visitingplaceofinterestandpracticingmyEnglish10 Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessishonest minutes books friends places honesty 15 解决方案 1 弄清可数与不可数名词 2 记清一些用于固定词组中名词的用法 16 1 介词的多余或缺失2 错用 三 介词常见错误 解决方案 1 常用介词的基本用法2 常用介词的固定搭配 17 高考真题 1 Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichinashortperiodoftime 2 NowIamleavinghometocollege 3 Unluckily onthedevelopmentofindustrialization theenvironmenthasbeenpolluted 4 Tonysawatoyonashopwindow 5 Withthehelpbyourfather mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes 6 Therefore wehavemoretimewithafter schoolactivities of for with in of for 18 7 Wecanlieonthegrassforarest orsitbythelakelisteningmusic 8 Hewastall withbroadshouldersandabeardthatturnedfromblacktowardgrayovertheyears 9 ThebookI mreadingoftalksaboutafternoonteainBritain 10 Interestingly ithadaconnectionbytheBritishporcelainindustry 11 Infact theyareplanningtovisitChinainnextyear to into to with to 19 1 人称代词 物主代词的前后一致性 单复数的一致性 2 人称代词主格和宾格的变化 3 代词的误用与漏用 4 不定代词错用 5 作形式主语与形式宾语it的遗漏或误用 四 代词常见错误 20 高考真题 1 Ifwegoonatripabroad wecanbroadenyourview 2 Istillwanttohavemyparentstoturntowheneverneedhelp 3 IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbyyourself 4 MyclassmatesandIaretalkingabouthowtododuringtheholiday 5 Fiveminuteslater Tonysawparents our I myself what his 21 6 Wemustfindwaystoprotectyourenvironment 7 Asaresult theplantsaregrowingsomewhere 8 Therearesomuchthatweoftensharethemwithourneighbors 9 Hehadadeepvoice whichsethimselfapartfromothersinoursmalltown10 Itdoesnotcostmany yetwecanstilllearnalot 11 Whenhecameback Ifoundabunchofflowersinherhand our everywhere many him much his 22 五 形容词和副词常见错误 1 形容词与副词的混用 2 形容词与副词比较等级混用 3 同义或近义或反义形容词与副词之间的混用 23 解决方案 1 在句中作定语 表语 补语用形容词 在句中作状语 修饰形容词 副词 动词和全句用副词 2 注意比较级或最高级的比较对象和范围 特别注意提示词most than as以及其他加强比较等级程度的修饰语 单音节形容词和副词比较级前不可再加more 3 注意many much afew alittle very so too Ever never hard hardly ago before等词的区别 4 ing形容词与 ed形容词的区别 5 注意并列现象 6 熟记固定搭配so that too to as as等 24 高考真题 1 Instead hehopesthathisbusinesswillgrowsteady 2 However myparentsdidn tseemtothinksuch 3 Muchrareanimalsaredyingout 4 Globalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem 5 DadandIwereterribleworried 6 Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintotheshop so Many steadily serious terribly 25 7 Thefruitsaresmallinsize butjuicyandtaste 8 Wearegrowingwonderfullytomatoesatnocost 9 Wedidn tneedtodosomanyhomework10 Theteachersherearekindandhelpfully 11 Theywerealsothebestandworseyearsinmylife 12 IhopedIcouldbefreelyfromthem 13 Theyarethreelessonsinthemorningandtwointheafternoon free wonderful tasty There much helpful worst 26 六 连词常见错误 上下文之间的逻辑关系 主要是but与so and与or之间的误用 27 高考真题 1 Thoughnotverybig buttherestaurantispopularinourarea 2 Hemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusedforcooking 3 Ifwestayathome itiscomfortablebutthereisnoneedtospendmoney 4 Theretheairiscleanorthemountainsaregreen 5 Althoughweallowtomatoplantstogrowinthesameplaceyearafteryear butwehaveneverhadanydiseaseorinsectattackproblem and and and 28 七 动词常见错误 1 时态错误 时态的更改要以上下文的主体时态为依据注意 通常是一般现在时改为一般过去时 或者一般过去时改为一般现在时2 主谓不一致 如主语为单数 谓语动词未用单数 或主语为复数 谓语动词却用了单数 再就是就近原则对主语的影响3 语态错用 以及不能用被动语态的词和短语 比如 happen takeplace belongto cometrue 29 高考真题 1 Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesandhighqualityoilareusingforcooking 2 Somepeopleevenhadtowaitoutside Myuncletellsmethatthekeytosuccessishonesty 3 Wecanchosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip 4 Ithoughtthatitisagoodidea Itdoesnotcostmuch 5 However myparentsdidn tseemtothinkso Theyalwaystellmewhattodo told have used choose think 30 6 Ihopedtoliveinthecity IthinkIwouldbehappythere 7 Lotsofstudieshavebeenshownthatglobalwarminghasbecomeaveryseriousproblem 8 Wemustfoundwaystoprotectyourenvironment 9 Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry 10 Wedidn tneedtodosomuchhomework Therefore wehavemoretimeforafter schoolactivities 11 Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden Thereareallkindsoftheflowers don t thought find began looks 31 解决方案1通读全文 搞清文中动词主体时态 2结合语境 灵活运用时态形式 3认真推敲 准确把握主动与被动 32 4 非谓语动词的错用 主要是doing与done之间的误用 动词不定式符号to的添加 动词原形变成doing的形式等and连接的todo或doing前后一致问题 33 高考真题 1 Wecanchoosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip 2 IshowedthemIwasindependentbywearstrangeclothes 3 Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime heturnedaroundandfoundthathisparentsweremissing 4 Hewouldaskwhowewereandpretendnottoknowingus 5 Wehavebeenspendingalotoftimesinginkaraokebars taking wearing looking know singing 34 6 Thedoctortoldthemantowritealetterandreturnedthemoneytohisbrother 7 Playfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrongbutalso 8 SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyself 9 ItisoneofthefunniestthingsfindingontheInternetsofarthisyear 10 LiMingcameseemeeveryday Playing talking return found to 35 八 复合句常见错误 解决方案 1 掌握好三大从句的运用 2 注意三大从句之间的区别 引导词错用 分不清从句类型 36 高考真题 1 MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetothatIlive 2 Heturnedaroundandfoundwher