阅读理解健康保健类.docx

阅读理解健康保健类(一)Cooking Kills Four Million People a YearPolluted airborne particles（大气悬浮颗粒）kill 7 million people a year, reports the World Health Organization. That news may not come as a surprise to anyone who has seen images of chimneys in Beijing, Delhi or Mexico. But those factoriesor even the jammed roadways of modern citiesare not the biggest killer. Each year, some 4.3 million people die earlier than they should because of polluted air inside their homes, says the WHO. Whats causing the air inside peoples homes to be so poisonous that it kills around 11,000 people a day? Stoves. “Having an open fire in your kitchen is like burning 400 cigarettes an hour.” says Kirk Smith, a professor at the University of California at Berkeley, whose research suggests that household air pollution from cooking killed between 3.5 million and 4 million people in 2013.Not all stoves cause this kind of harm. The ones Smiths talking about are those that the 3 billion people in the developing world use for heat and cooking, which burn solid fuels such as wood, coal, or crop waste instead of gas. The smoke from those fires produces harmful fine particles and carbon monoxide into homes. Poor ventilation then prevents that smoke from escaping, raising fine particle levels 100 times higher than the limits that the WHO considers acceptable.Breathing this air day in day out finally causes a lot of diseases: more than a third of the 4.3 million die of a stroke, while a quarter die of heart disease. And around one-third of annual lung disease deaths worldwide are due to waste from coal stoves.Exposure tends to be extremely harmful for the people who spend the most time around the fireusually women and young children. In fact, the WHO reports that household air pollution almost doubles the risk for childhood lung disease. 1. According to Kirk Smiths research, _. A. factories are the biggest killer worldwide nowadaysB. burning 400 cigarettes an hour is extremely dangerousC. household air pollution from cooking is surprisingly harmfulD. some 4.3 million people die earlier each year than they should2. What should be the deadly killer in a household kitchen?A. Solid fuels. B. Coal stoves. C. Poor gas. D. Cooking smoke.3. The underlined word “ventilation” in Paragraph 4 probably means _.A. airing B. cooking C. burning D. cooling4. The author intends to tell people _.A. how to avoid polluted air in their homes B. to stop cooking in the household kitchenC. to guard against household pollution from cookingD. how to prevent childhood lung diseases in household(二)Exercise not only improves your appearance, but also improves your health. Health experts (专家) advise people to choose physical activities that they find fun. So, what are some of the most popular forms (形式) of exercise in the USA? Walking tops the list. It is considered to be theway to get exercise. You can walk at any time and any place. Walking is also said to be the least harmful to the knees and feet. So, its a perfect choice for the old. Another popular form of exercise is jogging. In the 1970s, Bill Bowerman brought jogging to the USA. He did so after seeing the popularity of the activity during a trip to New Zealand in the 1960s. He started the first jogging club in America. He also helped found Nike. Swimming is also very popular. It was the second most popular sporting activity in America in 2008. The top activity was walking. When one is swimming, the whole body is put to work. It is said that swimming is good for people with special needs, like pregnant(怀孕的)women. Dancing can also be a fun way to exercise. This is especially true for those who see exercise as something that they should do. A dance fitness programme called Zumba has grown in popularity in recent(最近的) years. It was created by Alberto Perez in Colombia in the 1990s. In 2001, he brought the programme to the USA. Since then, it has spread around the world. 1. Which of the following can be put in in Paragraph 2? A. easiest B. most expensive C. most difficult D. coolest2. From the fourth paragraph, we can learn that_.A. swimming was not popular in 2008B. swimming was more popular than walking in 2008C. walking was the most popular form of exercise in 2008D. its not good for pregnant women to go swimming3. According to the last paragraph, we know that Zumba. A. has a very long history B. is the name of a dance clubC. was created in the USA D. became popular not long ago4. What is the passage mainly about? A. The advantages of exercise. B. Some popular forms of exercise in the USA. C. The history of some forms of exercise. D. Advice on how to choose the best form of exercise.(三) How much sleep is enough? To stay in good health, some expert in the US say, adults should get seven to eight hours of sleep. Teenager need nine to ten hours. And pre-school children need more than 10 hours of sleep a night. Experts say the quality(质量)of our sleep becomes poor as we grow older. This happens because the brain unit that controls sleep begins to weaken slowly as we age. Experts say the change starts in our 30s. By the time we reach our 50s, a person may have lost 50 percent of their ability to have a restful sleep.These people have trouble failing and staying asleep through the night. From middle age on, these problems only get worse, and they can have a bad effect on their health. Signs that show you may not be getting enough sleep.Youre always hungry or youve got unwanted weight. If you are in short of sleep, certain chemicals in your body will not work well and tell your brain in time that you have eaten enough.You have trouble making decisions. Not having enough sleep may make your brain work slower in problem solving.You have trouble remembering things. Sleep helps prepare the brain for new memories.Your feeling changes unreasonably. People who dont sleep well may feel unable to control their feelings.You are having trouble seeing. If there is a shortage of sleep, you may not be able to see thing as clearly as usual.How to improve your sleep? Here are a few things people can do to get better sleep.Health experts say that exercise and avoiding work on computers make people go to sleep more easily. A cool room is also a good choice for sleeping well.1.What can we learn from the passage?A. With the help of medicine, we can sleep better.B. People begin to have sleep problems in their 40s.C. Teenagers usually need more sleep than adults.D. Few people have sleep problems in their late years.2.The underlined word”effect” in the passage is close in meaning to .A. Knowledge B. influence C. excuse D. activity3.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a sign that you are not sleeping well?A. You often get hungry. B. Your eyesight is failing.C. You have proper memory D.You always feel tired.4.It is possible that the article is taken from . A. a middle-school textbook B. a scientific reportC. A magazine on health D. an ad in the newspaper(四)Many people want to know how to help kids be fitter. There are some steps only parents can take, but kids can take charge, too. If you, a kid, want to be fit, the following may be useful.1. Eat a variety of foods, especially fruits and vegetables. You may have a favorite food, but the best choice is to eat a variety. In that case, youre more likely to get the nutrients your body needs. Shoot for at least five servings of fruits and vegetables a daytwo fruits and three vegetables.2. Drink water and milk most often. When youre really thirsty, cold water is the No. 1 thirstquencher (饮料). And theres a reason your school cafeteria offers cartons of milk. Kids need calcium to grow strong bones, and milk is a great source of this mineral. Aim for 3 cups of milk per day, or its equivalent. 3. Listen to your body. What does it feel like to be full? When eating, notice how your body feels and when your stomach feels comfortably full. Eating too much can make you feel uncomfortable and, over a period of time, can lead to unhealthy weight gain.4. Limit screen time. Screen time is the amount of time you spend watching TV or DVDs, playing video games, and using the computer. The longer you spend on these sittingdown activities, the less time available for active stuff, like basketball, and swimming. Try to spend no more than 2 hours a day on screen time.5. Be active. One job is to figure out which activities you like best. Not everyone loves baseball or soccer. Maybe your passion is kickball, or dancing. Ask your parents to help you do your favorite activities regularly. Find ways to be active every day.1Eating too much for some time will_.A. help you grow much taller B. make you feel energetic all the timeC. make you put on much more weight D. make your bones grow strong2Which of the following is most probably taken charge of only by parents?A. Serving a balanced diet. B. Limiting screen time.C. Keeping an active life D. Eating a variety of foods.3Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?A. If you dont eat a variety of foods, you may lack nutrients.B. Water and milk can help kids grow strong bones.C. Spending less than 2 hours a day before screen may not be harmful.D. All kids dont love baseball or soccer.4The text is mainly written for_.A. parents B. teachers C. doctors D. children(五)It is no longer as easy as it once was to choose what to eat. Our eating habits have changed, so has our way of life, and what we need for our bodies is alos different. Traditional diets often have too much fat. So we had better learn to make the right choices about what and how we eat. Whe we choose what to buy and eat, we had better think whether the food will give us the nutrients we need. Some nutrients help build our bodies and make them stronger. We eat fish, meat and beans because the nutrient in them is good for our muscles. We choose eggs, milk and other dairy products(奶制品), which are good for our bones and teeth. We eat bread,rice and noodles to get carbohydrats (糖类) from them. We choose vegetables and fruits get Vitamins, fiber and minerals. But the choice we make are not just about nutrition(营养). Many today choose what to eat according to their belielfs. Some people become vegetatians(素食者) because they believe it is healthier not to eat meat or they think we should not kill animals for food. 1. It is not easy to choose what to eat nowsdays because _. A. our eating habits have changed B. our bodies are differentC. our way of life has changed D. Both A and C 2. If you want to keep your bones strong and healthy, you had better choose _to eat.A. fish and meat B. meat and beans C. eggs and milk D. vegetables and fruits3. What does nutrients mean? A. 蛋白质 B. 营养物质 C. 脂肪 D. 钙4. Some people dont eat meat because _.A. they dont like animals B. they believe animals should be protected C. they dont meat D. they think meat is not safe 5. We can probably get this inforamtion from a guidebook(指南) _. A. for diets B. for medicines C.for travelling D. for cooking (六)We spend about one-third of our lives asleep. This may sound like a lot of time，but it is not wasted. Our bodies need sleep to stay healthy. Not getting enough sleep can make us sick. Sleep and our immune(免疫)systemThe immune system protects the body from diseases and infections(传染). Not getting enough sleep hurts this protective system. The Mayo Clinic is a research hospital in the United States. Its website explains that when we sleep our bodies produce proteins(蛋白质) that support sleep and help us fight infections. They add that infection-fighting antibodies(抗体) are reduced during periods when you dont get enough sleep. A new study from the University of Washington in the U.S. seems to confirm this. Dr. Nathaniel Watson was the lead writer of the study. Watson says his study shows that the immune system works best when the body gets enough sleep. For the study，Watson and his team studied 11 pairs of twins. This is an important difference from other sleep studies. Other research did not study twins. Researchers found that the twin who slept less had a weaker immune system. Watson says his study showed for the first time that a long-term lack(缺乏) of sleep shuts down parts of the immune system. He says parts that move white blood cells around the body are influenced. White blood cells fight infections in the body. Watsons study provides more evidence(证据) that sleep is important to“overall health”. And sleep is especially important to immune health. The researchers published their findings in the magazine Sleep. How much sleep is enough?To stay in good health，experts at the Mayo Clinic say that adults should get 7 to 8 hours of sleep. Teenagers need 9 to 10 hours. And school-aged children may need more than 10 hours of sleep a night. Experts say our sleep becomes poor in our 30s. By the time we reach our 50s，the average person has lost 50 percent of their ability to have a restful sleep. These people also have trouble falling asleep and staying asleep through the night. From middle age on，they say these problems only get worse，and they can influence our health. Signs you may not be getting enough sleepYoure always hungry or youve gained weight. You have trouble making decisions. You have trouble remembering things. Your skin doesnt look good. You are having trouble seeing. 1. From the first three paragraphs we know that . A. it is a waste to spend about one-third of our lives asleepB. well become seriously ill if we dont have enough sleepC. enough sleep does good to infection-fighting antibodiesD. immune system is protected when people begin to sleep2. From Watsons study，we know . A. enough sleep helps the immune system work wellB. the study of twins is a kind of common sleep studyC. twins need less sleep but have stronger immune systemD. sleeping for a long time is important to immune health3. Which of the following is right according to the passage?A. People dont need 7 to 8 hours of sleep a night in their fifties. B. The less you sleep every night，the more weight youll lose. C. Teenagers should get more than 10 hours of sleep a night. D. If your memory gets worse，you may not get enough sleep. 4. What will probably be written in the following part?A. How to improve your sleepB. How important enough sleep is!C. How amazing if you look good!D. How to avoid trouble of seeing(七)“Life is speeding up. Everyone is becoming unwell.” This may sound like something someone would say today. But in fact, an unwell person who lived in Rome in AD 53 wrote it. We all love new inventions. They are exciting, amazing and can even change our lives. But have all these developments really improved the quality of our lives? Picture this: Youre rushing to finish your homework on the computer. Your mobile phone rings, a QQ message from your friend appears on the screen, the noise from the telephone is getting louder and louder. Suddenly the computer goes blank and you lose all your work. Now you have to stay up all night to get it done. Inventions have speeded up our lives so much that they often leave us feeling stressed and tired. Why do you think people who live far away from noisy cities, who have no telephones, no cars, not even any electricity often seem to be happier? Perhaps that is because they live simpler lives. One family in the UK went “back in time” to see what life was like without all the inventions we have today. The grandparents, with their daughter, and grandsons, Benjamin, 10, and Thomas, 7, spent nine weeks in a 1940s house. They had no washing machine, microwave, computer or mobile phone. The grandmother, Lyn, said, “The more things you have, the more difficult life becomes.” The boys said they fought less. Probably, they said, because there was less to fight over, such as their computer. Benjamin also noticed that his grandmother had changed from being a trendy, been-drinking granny, to one who cooked things.1. The writer uses the quote(引语) at the beginning of the story to_.A. tell us the truth about life B. tell us what life was like a long time agoC. point out what causes such a thing to happenD. point out that you experience some big problems and they may be the same2. In the passage the writer describes a picture to show that new inventions _.A. have stopped our lives B. have improved the quality of our livesC. may make people feel very happy D. may bring some people trouble3. The family chose to spend some time in a 1940s house because_.A. they loved to live simple livesB. they wanted to know how people lived without modern inventions C. they were troubled by modern inventionsD. living in a different time would be a lot of fun for them4. The passage is mainly about _.A. problems with technology B. improvements in our lives caused by technologyC. changes happening to technology D. the importance of technology(八) It seems that school children all over the world complain (抱怨) about their school food. What do students of your age eat for lunch at school in other countries?Japan High schools have dining rooms. They serve everything from noodles to rice, but not burgers and chips. Other children bring food from home, such as cold rice balls