中考英语短文填空技巧解析ppt课件.ppt

英语填空技巧解析 1 填空 解题技巧 一 填空的特点是什么 完形填空是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题 难易程度与初中教材相当 词数在180 250左右 文中平均每隔25个词左右设空 学生通过推理判断 综合分析等将答案填入空白处 使短文前后连贯 意思通顺 结构完整合理 1 跳过空格 通读短文 了解大意 2 复读短文 确定语义 判断词形 A 利用上下文的语境 结合所学过的知识 先确定空格处所需词语的意义 B 再根据空格在句子中的位置 判断其在句中充当的成分 从而确定所填词的词性 再依据词语搭配和语法规则 判断所填的词的正确形式 3 通读短文 检查答案 英语短文填空解题技巧 二 填空的设空规律有哪些 一 从文章结构看 首句通常不设空 以便考生对短文前提和背景有个较清楚的了解 从而使考生尽快熟悉语境 推测文章大意 2 短文设空平均密度为25个单词一个空 中考完形填空抛弃了传统的 语法知识型 命题模式 转变成 情境能力型 的命题趋势 它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇 即重在文意的干扰 把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去 考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力 二 填空的设空规律有哪些 二 从语言层次看考点设计对把握语段的要求在提高 我们可以把考点分为三个层次 即句子层次 句群层次和语篇层次 句子层次的设空 例 2007年中考英语试卷完形填空四选一保留原题号 I90youwereverybusythenhelpingyourfriendgetreadyforherwedding Iamsureitwasasuccess A rememberB explainC hopeD expect 答案 A 指那些只需读懂设空所在句便可选出答案的题目 二 填空的设空规律有哪些 2 句群层次的设空 前制性设空 后制性设空 指根据上下文的内容 经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目 即根据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目 指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案的题目 下文某处有提示 二 填空的设空规律有哪些 前制性设空例 ItwasanEnglishspeechcontest Mymotheraskedmetotakepartinit Whataterribleidea ItmeantIhadto infrontofalltheteachersandstudentsofmyschool 后制性设空例 1 Nobody himinthevillage Onedayhesaidtothem Iknowyoudon tlikeme 2 Countrymusiccomesfrom kindsofmusic OneisthetraditionalmusicoftallmountainpeopleintheeasternUnitedStates TheotheristraditionalcowboymusicfromtheAmericanWest speak liked two 二 填空的设空规律有哪些 3 语篇性设空IworkasavolunteerforanorganizationthathelpsthepoorinHaiti RecentlyItookmysonBarrettthereforaweek hopingto1him achievedallI dexpected Soonhewillcelebratehis18thbirthday Hewillbeaman 最后一句话 1 A comfortB pleaseC attractD educate D 指那些需要联系全文的情境 内容才能确定正确答案的设空 考查方向 正确理解和书写英语单词命题形式 短文中10个空需要填上适当的单词 wu首字母或中文提示 所占比例 10空15分特别提醒 所有的单词都必须根据上下文来确定 必须注意词形的变化 包括名词的单复数 动词的时态 形容词和副词的比较级 最高级 等 中考英语新题型 短文填空 10 词形的变换 冠词 a an the基数词 序数词 1 2 3 基 第X 序 名词 单复数形式 所有格的用法动词 时态语态 主被动 的变化形容词 副词 比较等级的用法代词 单复数人称代词反身代词指示代词关系代词不定代词等的用法连词 并列与从属连词的用法 11 词形的变换 名词 单复数形式 所有格的用法GZisoneofthemostbeautiful 城市 Imetafriendof 她的 Allthe 绵羊 liketoeatgrass cities hers sheep 12 词形的变换 动词 时态语态 主被动 的变化Everyoneinourclass 喜欢 watchingcartoons I llspendasmuchtimeasIcan 读 thesestories Yesterdaywe prevent fromgettingtoschoolbytheheavyrain likes reading wereprevented 语态主动 v be 情态动词被动 be p p 13 词形的变换 形容词副词 比较等级的用法Hecan 容易 swimacrosstheriver Becauseofthis yournameis lovedbyyourparentsthanyou easily more 14 词形的变换 代词 单复数人称代词反身代词指示代词关系代词不定代词等的用法Youcanthrow kickitorhitit Takingtoomanyselfies 自拍 seemstoencourage 鼓励 peopletoonlythinkof Theyareverygoodfriendsandtheyalmostdo together it themselves everything 15 自己 16 指示代词it它 这 不译this 这个 these 这些 指在时间或空间上较近的人或者事物that 那个 those 那些 指在时间或空间上较远的人或者事物 17 18 不定代词 19 连词 20 21 1September10thisT Day 2 Thef dayoftheweekisSunday 3 Agoodb makesagoodending 4 Whenyoulaugh youwillo yourmouthandyourteeth irst pen eginning 5 LastSunday weplayedh inthepark thoughwewereverytired eachers appily 6 Hewasverya withthemanupstairsandbegantoshout Stopsinging ngry 22 10 Inautumnafterastrongwind thegroundisoftencoveredwithfallenl eaves 7 ThisbookbelongstoMary Itish 9 Foryears weplayedotherpeople ssongs b nowweplaymostlyourownsongs ers ut 8 MrsGreensaidtothetwins Helpy tosomefishplease ourselves 23 1 September10thisTeachers Day 2 Inautumnafterastrongwind thegroundisoftencoveredwithfallenleaves 首先考虑名词的单 复数 然后注意名词所有格 3 Wecouldnotrunfasterthancheetahs sowe 发明 carsandnowwecanmovethefastest 考虑动词的时态 语态变化 4 Whenyoulaugh youwillo yourmouthandyourteeth invented pen appily 6 Summeristhehottestseasonoftheyear 注意形容词 副词的比较等级的变化 5 LastSunday weplayedh inthepark thoughwewereverytired 24 8 MrsGreensaidtothetwins Helpyourselvestosomefishplease 此处考代词用法 7 Helpyourselftosomefish Jim 9 ThisbookbelongstoMary Itishers 10 Foryears weplayedotherpeople ssongs butnowweplaymostlyourownsongs 11 Shedidn tgotoschoolyesterday becauseshewasill 此处考连词 25 Throughsomeefforts rescuerscleaneduptheruins 仔细 whichcoveredthemum Underherbody 躺 herbaby Thebabywasinasmallredquiltwithyellowflowers Hewasabout3or4m old B thebabywaswell 保护 byhismother sbody hewasverysafe Hewassleepingwellwhentherescuercarriedhimout andhislovelyandp facewarmedeveryonearoundhim Therescuerfoundtherewasamobilep inthequilt Whenhelookedatthescreen amessagewasalreadythere Mydearbaby ifyoucouldl don tforgethowm Iloveyou Everyonew sawthismessageburstintotears rescuers 救援人员 ruins废墟 carefully lay onths protected ecause eaceful ive uch ho hone Fillineachblankwiththerightform 直击中考 26 Throughsomeefforts rescuerscleaneduptheruins 仔细 whichcoveredthemum Underherbody 躺 herbaby Thebabywasinasmallredquiltwithyellowflowers Hewasabout3or4m old B thebabywaswell 保护 byhismother sbody hewasverysafe Hewassleepingwellwhentherescuercarriedhimout andhislovelyandp facewarmedeveryonearoundhim Therescuerfoundtherewasamobilep inthequilt Whenhelookedatthescreen amessagewasalreadythere Mydearbaby ifyoucouldl don tforgethowm Iloveyou Everyonew sawthismessageburstintotears carefully lay onths protected ecause eaceful ive uch ho hone 根据上下语境 判断词义 Hewassleepingwell 确定词义后 判断词形 cleanedup rescuers 救援人员 ruins废墟 27 TheideaofFather sDaycamefromanA ladycalledDoddin1909 Shewanteda 特别的 daytohonourherfather He 抚养 sixchildrenbyhafterhiswifediedduringthebirthoftheirs child Doddthoughtthereneededtobeadaytohonourgreatandlovingdads HerfatherwasbornonJune19 soshechosetoholdthefirstFather sDaycelebrationonhisbin1910 In1924 USpresidentlikedtheideaofanationalFather sDay Finally in1966 thethirdSundayinJunewasn Father sDay Therearemanywtoshowyourloveandthanks merican ixth six USpresident raised imself irthday special amed ays Step1Thepassageisabout Step2ThemeaningofeachblankStep3TherightformofeachwordStep4Readthepassageagaintochecktheanswers Exercise Honour纪念 28 Dearfriends I msorrytohearthatanearthquakehappenedtoyourhometown Theearthquake 毁坏 yourhometown Lotsofh felldownandsomeofyoucan tseeyourfamiliesanylonger Pleasedon tfeels YoushouldbelieveintheParty thegovernmentandthepeopleinthecountry Youshouldbefullofwishesb theParty thegovernmentandthepeoplearewithyouallthetimeandtheytakecareofyou Theytrytheirb tosolveyourtroubles Theygiveawaytheirmoneyandmanyt toyouandthey 捐献 bloodforyou Soyoushouldtakecareofy Inthefuture youshoulddosomethingu forourcountryto 回报 fortheirloves Yours XXX destroyed ouses ad ecause est ourselves answer donate seful hings 中考实战演练 一 29 Allaroundtheworld peopledrinktea Butteadoesnot 意味着 1 thesamethingtoe 2 Indifferentcountriespeoplehaveverydifferenti 3 aboutdrinkingtea InChinapeoplealwayshavetea 一起 4 withtheirfriends Theymaydrinkteaatanytimeoftheday Theyonlyputtealeavesintheircups Theyl 5 theteawithnothing 其他的 6 init Teaisalsoi 7 inJapan Itisveryp 8 there Peopledrinkteaeveryday ButtheyhaveitinawaydifferentfromthatinChina IntheUSApeopledrinkteaatbreakfastorafterm 9 Theyusuallyuseteabagstomaketheirtea Makingteawithbagsisfasterande 10 thanmakingitwithtealeavesinteapots mean veryone deas together ike else mportant eals opular asier 中考实战演练 二 30 2 26 meter tallYaoMingmadehisNBAdebut 初次登台 onOctober23 2002andgot6pointsfortheHoustonRocketsinthegame Thenextday hegot13pointsina game MostpeoplethinkthatYaoMingisabornbasketballplayer ButYaosaid WhenyouwatchitonTV itlooksveryeasy ButwhenyouareplayingintheNBA itisr notsoeasy HesaidthatjoiningtheHoustonRocketswasanew 开端 andanewchallenge Ihopethatthroughveryh workIcanmakeeveryonehappyandhelptheRocketsw moregames hesaid YaoMingspeakssomeEnglish B heandhisteammatescanu eachother Theydon tthinkthereisalanguageproblem WhileYaoMingfacesthisnewchallenge thepeopleofHoustonhaveshowngreati inhim andtheyhopeYanMingwillbringnew 活力 totheRockets TheteamhasstartedhavinglessonstolearnmoreaboutChina andmanypeoplewhoworkfortheRocketshavelearnedtospeaksomeC nother eally start ard in oth nderstand nterest energy hinese Homework 31 Thankyou Goodbye 32 Wesometimescallthelion thekingofthejungle becauseitisstrongerandmoredangerousthanotheranimals Itcanr fasterthanmanyan