祈使句讲解及练习.doc

Tina第七讲 祈使句【观察一】请仔细观察下列例句，你能补全结论部分所缺的内容吗？1. Tidy up your room, Sam.2. Open the door, Anna.3. Be careful when crossing the road.【结论一】祈使句是表示向对方发出_ 、提出_ 或要求，要对方做某事或不做某事，带有祈使语气的句子。主语为第二人称，但是常常被_ 。【观察二】请仔细观察下列例句。(A) (B)1. Walk quickly, Tom! 1. Be a good boy, Tony.2. Come in, please! 2. Be polite when you are there.3. Open your books! 3. Be careful! (C) (D)1. Im a little tired. Lets have a rest. 1. Dont stand up.2. Lets go shopping together. 2. Dont be late again, Jack. 3. Dont let him go! = Let him not go!【结论二】祈使句有肯定和否定两种形式。肯定式有三种常用句型：1. _ (+宾语) + 其他成分；2. _ + 表语（名词或_）+ 其他成分；3. _ + _ + 其他成分；否定式有两种常用句型：1. _ + _ (+宾语)+ 其他成分2. _ + _ + 表语（名词或_ ）+其他成分。【观察三】1. Please turn off your phone.2. Come in, please.【结论三】在祈使句中, 为了缓和语气, 使表达更委婉、有礼貌, 常常在_ 或 _加上 _。要记住，在英语口语中，当祈使句用来表达命令、要求时，用降调；当祈使句用来表达鼓励、请求，或者想使语气委婉一些，让人容易接受时，通常用升调。【注意】： 在公共场合的提示语中，否定祈使句常用“No名词 / V-ing 形式”结构，表示“禁止做某事”。例如：NO PHOTOS! 禁止拍照！No parking!【课堂练习】一、选择最佳答案填空。( )1. Please_ to return my book by Friday. Ill use it on Saturday.-No problem. Ill finish reading it on Thursday.A. dont forget B. not to forget C. not forget D. forget not to( ) 2. _ late again, Mike!A. Dont to be B. Dont be C. Not be D. Be not( ) 3. Kelly, _ your homework here tomorrow.A. bring B. Brings C. to bring D. bringing（ ）4. Please _, theyre having a meeting.A. not be so noisy B. be quite C. mustnt talk D. no speaking（ ）5. _ to meet me at the station. Ill be waiting there.A. Not to forget B. Not forget C. Forget not D. Dont forget（ ）6. If you are tired, _ a rest.A. have B. having C. to have D. had（ ）7. _ me go. It is very important for me.A. Do let B. Let do C. Doing let D. To do let（ ）8. He is not honest. _ believe him.A. Not B. Dont C. To not D. Not to（ ）9. _ up early tomorrow, or you cant catch the train.A. Getting B. Get C. To get D. Got（ ）10. _ in the street. Its dangerous.A. Not play B. Not to play C. Dont play D. Dont to play（ ）11. Please _ me some money, will you?A. lend B. lending C. borrow D. borrowing（ ）12. The film is about to begin. Please _ seated.A. be B. are C. is D. being（ ）13. _ down the radio. The babys asleep in the next room.A. Turning B. To turn C. Turned D. Turn（ ）14. Lucy, _ the door or someone will come in.A. close B. closes C. not close D. is closing（ ）15. _ and play football in the street after lunch.A. Lets not to go B. Lets not go C. Lets dont go D. Not lets go二、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Its an important meeting. _ (not, be ) late.2 _ (not, make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping.3. _ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and _ (be) polite.4. _ ( not, talk) and _ (read) aloud.5. _ (not, leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.6. _ (look) out! A car is coming.7. _ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.8. _ (not, let) the baby cry.9. Wear more clothes or you _ (catch) a cold.10. Lets _ (not, say) anything about it.三、根据中文意思，翻译下列句子。1. 请安静。_2. 别忘了给花浇水。_3. 请坐。 _4. 我们坐火车去吧。_5. 不要再那样做了！_四、语法填空 （一） Animals on the earth are beautiful.1_ (thousand) of kinds of animals are 2_ (live) on the earth. They are on the ground, 3_the sky, in the water, or under the ground, everywhere they live. But the environmental 4_(pollute) makes some animals dead. People killed the animals. If human beings lose the animals in 5_(they)life, whats going to happen? The earth will change. We cannot see the dogs run6_the grass. We cannot see the7_(fish) swim in the water.8_will our life be like then? So, if we want9_(protect) animals, we must protect 10_environment.Lets do it. （二）My grandparents (1) _ (move) to the countryside six years ago. They (2) _(live) there for six years. They like the life there because there is fresh air. They loved travellingwhen they (3) _ (be) young. So far, they (4) _ (visit) many countries, suchas Japan, France, America and Thailand. In the past, my parents and I often (5) _ (go)back to the countryside to visit them. But we (6) _ (not see) them since last year because myparents (7) _ (busy) with their work and I (8) _ (work) hard on my studies.My grandmother once (9) _ (call) us. They have missed us so much. In fact, we havealso missed them. So we (10) _ (decide) to go back this Spring Festival since wereceived that call. Im sure well have a happy new year. 课后作业一、单项选择1). Jim, _ me a hand. A. gives B. is giving C. will give D. give2). _ careful, Jenny! There is a tree in front of you. A. Am B. / C. Be D. Was3). Please _ do it. A. he B. let him C. let he D. him4).Lets _ our time. A. not waste B. no wasting C. not to waste D. no waste5). _ let anyone open the door. A. Dont B. Will C. Not D. No6). _ to meet me at the station. Ill be waiting there. A. Not to forget B. Not forget C. Forget not D. Dont forget 7). A sign with the words“_” is often found in a bus. A. Not parking B. Not smoking C. No parking D. No smoking二、将下列句子变成祈使句7Would you like to wait a moment? a moment.8Youd better not smoke here. here.9You must be careful with your handwriting. with your handwriting.10Will you please not play with my pencil? with my pencil, .三、 完形填空。John left the United States in 1969 to work in Africa. Africa was hot. When John 1 to the United States in 1979, he said to himself, “ Its much 2 here than it was before I left. Im going to 3 an electric heater(电热器). Besides, everything is much more 4 .” John went to a store the next day to buy an electric heater. The salesman 5 him three or four 6 kinds and then said, “ And this is our best electric heater. It 7 a lot, but it 8 half of your electricity(电), and electricity is very expensive now, isnt it?” “Yes, its very expensive,” John answered, “ and its b