电力工程专业技术英语培训教材.doc

精选范本 电力工程专业技术英语培训教材 精选范本 电力工程专业技术英语培训教材说明 1 教材选编原则 本教材的选编 针对具有一定英文基础 长期从事电力工程建设的工程技术管理人员 侧重选 取易记易懂的电力建设领域各种英文文献 本教材内容针对的是电力工程建设 运营涉及的专业技术英语方面 而非技术领域本身 授课 人重点分析解读文献中所涉及的语汇 表达 使学员能够学以致用 举一反三 2 对各章内容的分析 我们按 Contents 原文内容 Notes to the text 文本中难点疑点的注释 Key words explanation 核能发电 in parallel with 在 的同时 The growth of the power supply industry in Hong Kong has been very rapid in the last few decades However due to the world energy crisis and political instability in certain oil exporting countries the price of oil has increased substantially and has affected the development and sales of electricity in Hong Kong Consequently it is now considered beneficial to develop nuclear power generation in parallel with the coal fired plant now under construction Obviously greatly substantially consequently as a result of the above Beneficial to 对 有益的 精选范本 Contents English Version Notes to the textKey words explanation bring about 引起 产生 造成 stimulated encourage excite enable appreciate evaluate assessment There are already 15 countries using trengthene water reactors and as a result there is wide experience available of PWR design manufacture construction and operation By adopting the PWR the Joint Venture will be able to draw on this background of technical expertise and experience draw on deploy make use of 精选范本 Contents English Version Notes to the textKey words explanation mature proven NSSS Nuclear Steam Supply System 核蒸汽供应sys There must be no problems associated with obtaining equipment from the countries of manufacture Any stipulations made by the vendor s Government on nuclear equipment and nuclear fuel must be acceptable to the Government of the People s Republic of China be acceptable to The price and financing terms must be competitive taking account of any assistance with financing available from the vendor s government The vendors must be prepared to accept a scope of responsibility and a contracting method appropriate to the Joint Venture Financing terms 融资条款 be competitive 具竞争力的 appropriate to Suitable for Competitive bidding For the feasibility study a preliminary technical assessment has been made of reactor and turbine generator vendors and those considered capable in principle of satisfying the requirements of the Joint Venture have been identified Meetings have been held with these vendors and the major aspects of the specification and performance of their plant have been listed for comparison When the Joint Venture Company is formed a more detailed technical comparison can be made and this together with an economic comparison will ultimately enable decisions on the vendors to be taken The conclusions reached at this stage are as follows For the feasibility study Regarding feasibility study The conclusions drawn at this stage a preliminary technical assessment 初步技术评价 估 精选范本 Contents English Version Notes to the textKey words explanation ICRP 国际辐射防护委 员会 IAEA 国际原子能机构 Hereinafter referred to as 以下简 称 International commission on Radiological Protection 精选范本 Contents English Version Notes to the textKey words explanation in this way by doing so Quality Surveillance Deficiency Report QSDR editorial staff 编辑部 general staff 总参谋部 operating staff 维护 操作人员 appropriate engineering management 上 一级工程管理部门 top management of a company 公司最 高管理机构 2 5 DECOMMISSIONING 退役 As part of the planning of the joint project it will be necessary to consider the eventual decommissioning of the nuclear power plant This will be required at the end of the life of the plant or in the most unlikely event of a major incident when it is uneconomic to repair the plant This decommissioning 本段中的两个 it 形式主语 精选范本 Contents English Version Notes to the textKey words explanation Engineering procurement Construction 精选范本 Contents English Version Notes to the textKey words explanation so the transformers and the turbine hall are located on the opposite side of this cold source with regard to the nuclear buildings and the circulating water pipes go under the nuclear auxiliary building Cold source transit of the high voltage transmission line While whereas Nuclear building reactor building NI CI BOP Penetrations 贯穿件 精选范本 Contents English Version Notes to the textKey words explanation they uncouple the buildings from the soil in such a way that the design is virtually independent of the amplitude of the earth quake particularly in the high frequency range If the amplitude of the low frequencies exceeds a given value slipping surfaces a leaded bronze plate and a stainless steel plate are associated with each bearing pad in order to reduce the peak values transmitted to the buildings This technique can be used whatever the spectrum in particular the NRC spectrum never theless important savings can be carried out by using a spectrum fully adapted to the seismic conditions of the site that has been made in France with the spectrum defined by EdF The aseismic bearing pads were used for the KOEBERG plant in South Africa with a specific spectrum Aseismic bearing pads 抗震支座垫 lower raft 下部筏基 upper raft 上部筏基 be made of interleaved 交错 sheets of elastomer 合成橡胶 the height 66 5 mm consists of 3 sheets of elastomer between 4 sheets of soft steel The total number of pads is 1750 for one nuclear island i e a pair of units they are arranged by 2 or by 4 on concrete pedestals whose height varies between 1 5 and 2 m From a seismic point of view Earthquake focus seismic focus 震源 Soft steel 软钢 低碳钢 they are arranged by 2 or by 4 on concrete pedestals whose Material requisition sheet 领料单 Log sheet 记录单 Sheet 1 of 5 sheets 第1页共5页 Foundations of CRUAS power plant In the background are the aseismic bearing pads under construction 1 3REACTOR BUILDING The reactor building encloses the nuclear steam supply system components From a safety point of view it constitutes the third barrier for the protection of the public against the consequences of an accident the first barrier is the fuel cladding and the second is the reactor coolant pressure boundary NSSS 三道屏障 three barriers fuel cladding pressure vessel reactor coolant pressure boundary and the containment During normal operation this building has to protect the reactor coolant system against external events such as aircraft crash turbine missile earth quake etc and it is a shielding against reactor core radiation A shielding against 防护 屏蔽reactor core radiationaircraft crash turbine missile earthquake etc Under abnormal or accident conditions it has to limit the radiological consequences to acceptable values at the site boundary Radiological consequences radiological hazards harms radiological effect For these objectives the reactor building is designed 精选范本 Contents English Version Notes to the textKey words explanation the prestressed concrete thickness is 0 9m for the wall and 0 8 m for the dome In case of using aseismic bearing pads 抗震支座垫 independent with The leak tightness is ensured by a 6mm steel liner fixed to the concrete wall by means of mild steel anchors The leak tightness is ensured by 严密封 密封性 fixed to concrete wall by means of by using using prestressed concrete 预应力混凝土 steel liner 钢内衬 mild steel anchors 低碳钢锚件 soft steel low carbon steel 低碳钢 The connections with the outside are performed by the following penetrations equipment hatch inside diameter 7 4 m at level 20 00 personnel air lock inside diameter 2 9 m at level 8 00 personnel air lock 人行通道气闸 emergency personnel air lock inside diameter 2 9 m at level 8 00 emergency personnel air lock 160 electrical and mechanical penetrations inside diameter from 0 25 to 1 3m The upper part of the wall is provided with steel corbels for the polar crane 190 t and 50 t plus 190 t more during construction period Is provided with is equipped with steel corbels for the polar crane 环形吊车用钢制托梁 A metal gantry with one 380 t trolley and one 60 t trolley allows the introduction of hyeavy or bulky equipment into the reactor building through the equipment hatch Metal gantry 金属龙门架trolley 空中吊运车 跑车allow the introduction of into 引入 输入 精选范本 Contents English Version Notes to the textKey words explanation they ensure the support of the NSSS equipment and if necessary the radiation protection Radiation protection 辐射防护 The main parts of these structures are the reactor pit the purpose of this reinforced concrete ring thickness from 1 80 m to 2 10 m is to support the reactor vessel to limit the amplitude of its motion in case of an accident and to ensure a biological Protection for personnel and equipment reactor pit 反应堆坑 reactor vessel 反应堆容器 the skirt the main purpose of this circular wall inside diameter 29 5 m thickness front 0 60 to 1 0 m is to support the anchorages of the steam and feedwater piping and to ensure a biological protection skirt 裙 侧缘 边缘 auchorages of the steam 稳压器机壳 隔间 仓 隔离框架 隔板 primary pump 主泵 the reactor cavity lined with stainless steel has two parts the reactor vessel part and the reactor internal storage part reactor cavity 反应堆换料腔 lined with 衬以 the two main operating floors at level 4 60 and 20 00 and the intermediate floors Main operating floors 运转层 intermediate floors 中间层 1 4FUEL BUILDING The fuel building is a reinforced concrete structure which houses the storage or handling systems for new or spent fuel assenblies In the basement the equipment of the engineered safety systems are located containment spray system EAS and low head safety injection system RIS This building is connected with the reactor building through the fuel transfer tube at level 6 30 The spent fuel storage pool is lined with stainless steel and can receive a maximum of 382 fuel assemblies 2 4 reactor cores stored with a pitch of 410 mm After a certain decay period the spent fuel is shipped within a spent fuel cask handled with a 130 t crane The new fuel dry storage capacity is 60 fuel assemblies Engineered dedicated safety systems features 专设的安全系统 hold store 新燃料干法储存容量 spent fuel storage pool 乏 废燃料储 存池 spent fuel cask flask 乏 废燃料容器 缸 reinforced concrete structure new made of reinforced concrete they house most of the equipment and piping of systems dealing with the operation and the safety of each unit such as the chemical volume and control system and the radioactive waste systems Be made of be made from 之区别 be common to reinforcement concrete dealing with radioactive waste systems house v contain For these buildings an important partitioning is made with the governing idea to ensure a physical separation between redundant equipment and to make their operation and maintenance easier This partitioning as well as the installation of biological protection fixed or movable allows the personnel radiation protection to be improved Partitioning make easier biological protection 生物防护 allows to be improved personnel radiation protection 1 6ELECTRICAL BUILDING The electrical building made of reinforced concrete and situated above the cable and pipe galleries houses within 6 levels cable made of reinforced concrete situated above the reciprocating compressors compressed air supply the auxiliary feedwater system pumps and the control rod drive mechanism power supply reciprocating compressors compressed air supply aux F W system pumps control rod drive mechanism power supply the small part store and workshops the locker rooms and laboratories locker rooms 更衣室 the batteries cable and relay rooms electrical boards the compartments containing the main steam and feedwater pipes and valves the control rooms The building is protected against turbine missiles by the anti missile wall 1 m thick which is a part of the turbine hall structure Furthermore the control room roof is a 1m concrete slab Be protected against turbine missile anti missile wall concrete slab 1 7TURBINE HALL 1 7 1CP1 plants 精选范本 Contents English Version Notes to the textKey words explanation except 除 以外 in the event of would take the impact of a turbine blade or other missile leaving the other buildings undamaged Turbine generator set in the event of reinforced concrete structure turbine generator floor steel work steel structure The turbine hall contains three longitudinal banks from the anti missile wall to the outside anti missile wall the heater bank the turbine generator bank in which the turbine generator reinforced concrete pedestals are completely independent and separate from the turbine hall structures heater bank 加热器组 tube bank 管排 reinforced concrete pedestals tube sheet tube bundle 管板 管束 the handling bank handling is performed by two 190t 30t cranes which can be paired to achieve a 340t capacity and an additional 50t crane in a 4 unit site Be paired to achieve handling bank 设备搬运 吊车组合 BLAYA1S power plant Turbine hall foundations and circulating water pipes condenser outlet two 190t 30t cranes 使用2台190t 30t cranes 吊车 4 unit site 10 minute walk 16 meter long steel wire 1 7 2CP2 plants For each unit the turbine generator set is housed in a separate building radially arranged with regard to the reactor building This turbine hall is a reinforced concrete structure up to the level 25 00 the roofing may be made of steel and sound proofed Because of the radial arrangement the anti missile wall is no longer necessary This building is not designed against earthquake With regard to roofing turbine hall roof be made of be made from sound proofed noise proof structure no longer reactor building nuclear building turbine hall main building main power building 精选范本 Contents English Version Notes to the textKey words explanation turbine driven F W pump bank CW pump bank 循环水泵组 the circulating water pump bank Handling is performed by a longitudinal 240t crane and a 40t crane 1 8WATERWORKS Waterworks 水工工程 The water works of one unit include the circulating water pumping station for condenser cooling and the essential service water pumping station for the component cooling system These works are reinforced concrete structures CW pumping station CW泵站 for condenser cooling used for cooling of condenser essential service water pumping station 厂用水泵站 for the component cooling system The water intake is single or divided between circulating water system and essential service water system depending on the local conditions It is provided with protection grids against big bodies floating or immersed Water intake 取水 depending on upon the local conditions be provided with protection grid against If the pumping station is single the filtration is performed by cup screens If it is divided the circulating water is filtered by cup screens and the essential service water by chain screens Cup screens chain screens The connection between the circulating water pumps and the condenser is made by concrete pipes consisting of seam welded steel shells protected inside and outside with reinforced concrete The connection between the essential service water pumps and the component cooling system building is made by metal pipes installed within reinforced concrete galleries protected against earthquake and that can be inspected Consisting of seam welded steel shells protected inside metal pipes carbon steel pipes reinforced concrete galleries connection conduit culvert passage way be made by be made of galleries corridors raceway channel concrete pipes component cooling system building The pumping stations are provided with gantry cranes for handling 1 9OTHER BUILDINGS The other buildings of the site are other buildings at the plant site include the diesel generator buildings two independent reinforced concrete buildings for one unit the fuel oil tanks are underground be provided with be equipped with gantry crane for handling purposes diesel generator buildings 柴油发电机房 the warehouses and hot workshops in which are among others the rooms where contaminated equipment is maintained among others are rooms contaminated equipment polluted components fuel oil tanks are arranged located underground Hot workshops 放射性车间 main transformer 主变压器 精选范本 Contents English Version Notes to the textKey words explanation this speed allows the cross sectional areas for the steam to be increased by a factor of 4 without increasing the peripheral speeds of the blades and consequently the centrifugal stresses compared with the 3000 rpm machine Characteristics 性能 特性 点 increased by a factor of 4 提高了3倍 Peripheral speed Centrifugal stresses Centrifugal pump Centrifugal fan machines SG steam generator ST GT Steam turbine gas turbine Saturated steam 饱和蒸汽 Turbine generator set 2 1 1CP1 Plant turbine The CP1 steam turbine is a multistage impulse type consisting of a double flow high pressure HP cylinder and three double flow low pressure LP cylinders After expansion into the HP cylinder the steam is reheated up to approximately 255 C at 11 bar into four moisture separator superheater units before entering the LP cylinders A multistage impulse type 多级冲动式 double flow high pressure HP cylinders 双流高压缸 double flow LP cylinder Moisture separator superheater units 汽水分离 器 过热器 As far as is concerned 就 而言 LP rotors are built with discs hot shrunk onto a central shaft special constructive arrangements ensure a large security as far as the rupture mechanics is concerned the most heavily loaded discs are made of 3 5 nickel steel and elimination of keys between the discs and the shaft Rupture mechanics 断裂力学most heavily loaded discs 大多数重载 承重 盘 承载重载荷的圆盘 In order to adjust the turbine generator power to the reactor power and to the steam generator pressure the HP steam admission is performed by injection into a main feed segment adjusted to the rated thermal power and to the corresponding steam generator pressure with clean tubes and then into two additional segments that will be opened as required Adjusted to steam admission by injection into main feed segment The HP steam inlet valves consist of six stop valve control or governing valve sets these valves have a common cast steel body but with separate seats Each valve is operated by an individual pressurized fluid servo motor With a safety system signal the HP stop valves are closed in less than 0 6 seconds Consist of be composed of For each LP cyl