硬件工程师专用词汇.doc

硬件部分：-CPU类ALU (arithmetic logic unit，算术逻辑单元)AGU (address generation units，地址产成单元)ICU (instruction control unit，指令控制单元)CISC (complex instruction set computing，复杂指令集计算机)RISC (reduced instruction set computing，精简指令集计算机)CLK (clock cycle，时钟周期)CPU (center processing unit，中央处理器)EC (embedded controller，嵌入式控制器)instructions cache，指令缓存embedded chips(嵌入式)EPIC (explicitly parallel instruction code，并行指令代码)Fadd (floationg point addition，浮点加)Flop (floating point operations per second，浮点操作/秒)Fmul (floationg point multiplication，浮点乘)Fpu (float point unit，浮点运算单元)Latency (潜伏期)MP (multi-processing，多重处理器架构)CMOS : complementary metal oxide semiconductor，互补金属氧化物半导体BGA (ball grid array，球状矩阵排列)-计算机术语总结之RAM & ROM类BSRAM (burst pipelined synchronous static ram，突发式管道同步静态存储器)DDR SDRAM(double date rate，双数据率sdram)DRAM(dynamic random access memory，动态随机存储器)DR DRAM(direct rambus dram，直接rambus内存)SRAM (static random access memory，静态随机存储器)EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable rom，电擦写可编程只读存储器)SDR SRAM(single date rate，单数据率sdram)RDRAM (rambus direct ram，直接型rambusram)FM : flash memory(快闪存储器)SG RAM(synchronous graphics ram，同步图形随机储存器)ABP : address bit permuting，地址位序列改变ATC (access time from clock，时钟存取时间)CAS (column address strobe，列地址控制器)RAS (row address strobe，行地址控制器)CCT (clock cycle time，时钟周期)DB : deep buffer(深度缓冲)Dil (dual-in-line)Dimm (dual in-line memory modules，双重内嵌式内存模块)ECC (error checking and correction，错误检查修正)PIROM : processor information rom，处理器信息romRAC (rambus asic cell，rambus集成电路单元)Rimm (rambus in-line memory modules，rambus内嵌式内存模块)so-dimm(small outline dual in-line memory modules，小型双重内嵌式内存模块)SPD(serial presence detect，串行存在检查)sstl-2(stub series terminated logic-2)tsops (thin small outline packages，超小型封装)uswv (uncacheable， speculative， write-combining非缓冲随机混合写入)vcma (virtual channel memory architecture，虚拟通道内存结构) pledm: phase-state low electron(hole)-number drive memoryqbm(quad band memory，四倍边带内存)-IC类Digital circuit数字电路Extrinsic semiconductor 杂质半导体Open circuit 开路 Operating point 工作点Operating bias 工作偏置Gain 增益Officienay功率Active device有源器件Amplifier 功放 扩音器 放大器Anode阳极Cathode阴极Analogue(Analog) comparator 模拟比较器Diode二极管Regulator 稳压管（器）Base基极Collector 集电极Emitter发射极Cut off截止 Current drift/dirve/sharing电流漂移/驱动/共享Depletion layer 耗尽层 Depletion MOS 耗尽MOS Depletion region耗尽区Switching time开关时间Differential amplifier差分放大器Emitter follower 射随器Triangle generator三角波发生器Inverter倒相器Preamplifier 前置放大器Negative feedback负反馈Power dissipation 功耗Transfer function 传输函数Impedance 阻抗Insulator 绝缘体Conductor 导体Series inductance 串联电感Voltage电压Wafer 晶片Intrinsic semiconductor 本征半导体Junction FET(JFET)结型场效应管Light Emitting Diode(LED) 发光二极管Minority carrier 少数载流子Equivalent curcuit 等效电路Bias偏置Discharge 放电Binary code 二进制代码Break down击穿Capacitance 电容Carrier 载流子、载波Charge电荷、充电Close-loop gain 闭环增益Common-base/collector/emitter connection 共基极/集电极/发射极连接 Common-gate/drain/source connection 共栅/漏/源连接Compatibility 兼容性Compensation 补偿Couping耦合Direct-coupling 直接耦合Phase-lock loop 锁相环Phase drift相移Reverse反向的 Reverse bias 反向偏置Serial 串行/串联-网络中继器 repeater 网桥或桥接器 bridge路由器 router网桥和路由器的混合物桥路器（兼有网桥和路由器的功能）brouter 网关 gatewayOSI七层模型(Open System Interconnetciont 7-Layer Mod第七层Application应用层报文第六层Presentation表示层报文第五层Session会话层报文第四层Transport传输层报文第三层Network网络层分组第二层Data Link数据链路层帧第一层Physical物理层比特GDI(graphicaldeviceinterface)图形设备界面GUI图形用户界面HTML超文本标记语言HTTP超文本传送协议ICMP(InternetControlMessageProtocol)网际控制报文协议IIS信息服务器IP(InternetProtocol)网际协议Ethernet以太网subnetmask子网掩码thread线程throughput吞吐量transportlayer传输量TransportProtocol传输协议subnet子网VirtualMachine虚拟机VRML虚拟现实模型语言-软件Sort 排序Bubble sort 冒泡排序Quick sort 快速排序Hill sort 哈希排序Class 类Object 对象Instance 实例-通信常用缩略语AMSP access multiservice platform 多业务接入平台ATM asynchronous transfer mode 异步传输模式BMSP Backbone multiservice platform 高速链路多业务平台IP Internet Protocol 网际协议LAN local-area network 局部网MPLS multiprotocol label switching 多协议标签交换NEBS Network Equipment Building System 网络设备制造系统NG next generation 下一代NGN next-generation networking 下一代网络QOS quality of service 服务质量R&D research and development 研究与开发SDH synchronous digital hierarchy 同步数字系统SLA service-level agreement 服务水平的协议SONETSynchronous Optical Network 同步光网络TDMtime division multiple access 时分多址联接方式ACCAutomatic Congestion Control information message 自动拥塞控制信息消息API Application Programming Interface 应用编程接口GSM Global System for Mobile Communications 全球移动通信系统WAN Wide Area Network 广域网GPRS:General Packet Radio Service 通用分组无线业务-这个很重要哦，要掌握SMS:Short Message Service 短信服务-最最流行的serviceMMS:Multi-media Messaging Service 多媒体信息服务GSM:Global System For Mobile Communications