英语国家概况_谢福之_Chapter_6_literature.ppt

AGuidetoEnglish SpeakingCountries 英语国家概况 英语国家概况 TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland Chapter6Literature TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland 英语国家概况 CONTENT I ThePostmodernPeriod 1945 VII TheOldEnglishPeriodandMiddleEnglishPeriod 450 1500 I 1 1GeneralKnowledge Inpractice worksofliteraturefallintofourcategoriesorgenres narrativefiction叙事小说dramapoetrynon fictionprose散文 1 1GeneralKnowledge Thetwokindsofnarrativefictionyouwillreadmostoftenareshortstoriesandnovels Myths 神话 parables 寓言 romances 传奇 andepics 史诗 arealsopartofthegenre 1 2TheOldEnglishPeriod OldEnglish theepicBeowulf贝奥武夫AfolklegendbroughttoEnglandbytheAnglo Saxonsfromtheircontinentalhomes 1 3TheMiddleEnglishPeriod WiththeNormanConquestin1066 BritainenteredtheMiddleAges 1066 1485 MiddleEnglish TheCanterburyTales坎特伯雷的故事集 1387 1400 GeoffreyChaucer 1340 1400 TheRenaissance 1500 1660 RenaissanceischaracterizedbyadmirationoftheGreekandLatinclassicworks sonnet 十四行诗 dramaThedramatypesaretragedy comedyandfarce 滑稽剧 2 1GeneralKnowledge Blankverseisatypeofpoetry distinguishedbyhavingaregularmeter butnorhyme InEnglish themetermostcommonlyusedwithblankversehasbeeniambicpentameter 无韵诗是诗歌的一种 特点是有整齐的格律 却没有韵脚 即句尾不押韵 英语中 无韵诗最常用的格律是抑扬格五音步 因此无韵诗又被称为无韵五节拍诗 每行用五个长短格音步 十个音节组成 每首行数不拘 不压韵 不押韵的诗称无韵诗或白体诗 应用多用在戏剧和叙事诗中 莎士比亚的戏剧和弥尔顿的ParadiseLost都是用无韵诗写成的 押韵的诗叫rhymedverse 无韵诗不同于自由诗 无韵诗虽不押韵 但是有固定节奏 以扬抑格五音步最常见 自由诗节奏不固定 如同白话 Freeverseisaformofpoetrywhichrefrainsfrommeterpatterns rhyme oranyothermusicalpattern 自由诗是一种不受格律 韵脚或其他音乐节拍约束的诗歌形式 2 2WilliamShakespeare 1564 1616 2 2WilliamShakespeare 1564 1616 Shakespeare sBirthplace 2 2WilliamShakespeare 1564 1616 EnglishplaywrightWilliamShakespearewasborninthathouseonHenleyStreetinStratford upon AvoninApril1564 Shakespeare sfather John purchasedthebuildingintwostages in1556and1572 Today Shakespeare sbirthplaceisamuseum furnishedasitmighthavebeeninShakespeare stime ItalsohousesanexhibitonShakespeare slife TheGlobeTheatre wheredramatistWilliamShakespearesawhisplaysperformed400yearsago hasbeenrebuiltnearitsoriginallocationonthesouthbankoftheThamesRiverinLondon England 2 2WilliamShakespeare 1564 1616 ComedyAMidsummerNight sDream 1595 TheMerchantofVenice 1598 AsYouLikeIt 1599 皆大欢喜TwelfthNight 1601 2 2WilliamShakespeare 1564 1616 2 2WilliamShakespeare 1564 1616 HistoricalplaysRichardIII 1591 HenryIV 1597 AntonyandCleopatra 1606 安东尼与克莉奥佩特拉 2 2WilliamShakespeare 1564 1616 TragediesHamlet 1601 Othello 1604 奥赛罗KingLear 1605 李尔王Macbeth 1606 麦克白RomeoandJuliet 1595 2 2WilliamShakespeare 1564 1616 Jaques Alltheworld sastage Andallthemenandwomenmerelyplayers 全世界是一个大舞台 所有的男男女女都只是一些演员 Theyhavetheirexitsandtheirentrances Andonemaninhistimeplaysmanyparts Hisactsbeingsevenages AsYouLikeIt Act2 scene7 139 143 2 2WilliamShakespeare 1564 1616 Tobe ornottobe fromHamlet3 1 Tobe ornottobe thatisthequestion Whether tisnoblerinthemindtosufferTheslingsandarrowsofoutrageousfortune Ortotakearmsagainstaseaoftroubles Andbyopposingendthem 2 2WilliamShakespeare 1564 1616 Q WhichplayisregardedasamilestoneinShakespeare sdramaticdevelopment A Hamlet 2 2WilliamShakespeare 1564 1616 Q Whatmakes