no one nobody 的区别.doc

复合不定代词用法 复合不定代词是由some-any-no-every-加上-one-body-thing等所组成的不定代词。复合不定代词包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等十二个。 一、复合不定代词的指代对象 1.含-body和-one的复合代词只用来指人含-body的复合不定代词与含-one的复合不定代词在功能和意义上完全相同可以互换。只是用-body时显得较通俗些多用于口语中用-one时显得较文雅些更常见于正式场合及书面语中。Someone/Somebody is crying in the next room.有人在隔壁房间哭。 2.含-thing的复合不定代词只用来指事物。如 Are you going to buy anything?你会去买东西吗 二、复合不定代词的属格 1.含-one和-body等指人的复合代词可有-s属格形式。如 Everybodys business is nobodys business.大家的事情没人管。 Is this anybodys seat? 这儿有人坐吗 2.含-one和-body等指人的复合代词后跟else时-s属格应加在else之后。如Can you remember someone elses name? 你还记得其他人的姓名吗 3.含-thing等指事物的复合不定代词没有-s属格形式。 三、复合不定代词的数 1.复合不定代词都具有单数的含义因此通常被看成是单数第三人称。当它们充当句子的主语时其后的谓语动词用单数形式。如 Is everyone here today? 今天大家都到齐了吗 Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事只怕有心人。 四、复合不定代词的替代问题 由于复合不定代词都具有单数的含义所以在正规的英语中用来替代它们的代词也应该是单数形式。 1.含-one和-body等指人的复合代词其代词应该是he/she, him/her,其-s属格形式的代词应该是his/her, his/hers。如 Everyone has his/her own words. 每个人都有他她自己的说辞。 但是这样一来就会因为性别的差异而使得在代词的运用上具有不确定性所以为了避免这种别扭的情况我们一般都是用they/them/their/theirs,尤其是在口语中以及非正式场合下。如:No one gave you a ticket, did they? 没人给你票,是吗? 2.含-thing等指事物的复合不定代词不会因性别上的差异而使得在代词的运用上产生不确定性因此我们就使用it。如 Something goes wrong, doesnt it?出问题了是吗 五、复合不定代词的定语 复合不定代词的定语必须后置即放在复合不定代词的后面。如 Can you tell something interesting? 你能讲些有趣的事情吗 六、含some-和any-的复合不定代词间的用法区别 由some-和any-所构成的复合不定代词即something和anythingsomeone和anyonesomebody和anybody之间的区别跟some和any的区别一样。 1.somethingsomeonesomebody通常用于肯定句中而anythinganyone,anybody一般用于否定句疑问句或条件状语从句中.Do you have anything to say? 你有话要说吗 I cant meet anybody on the island. 在岛上,我没遇见任何人。 2.在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句以及表示反问的问句中也用somethingsomeonesomebody等复合不定代词。如:Would you like something to eat要些吃的东西吗 3.当anything表示“任何事物无论何事物”anyoneanybody表示“无论谁任何人”等意义时它们也可以用于肯定句中。如 Anything is OK. 什么都行。 Anybody knows the answer.任何人都知道答案。 七、复合不定代词的否定 1.“not every-”表示的是部分否定意为“并非都不都”。例如 Not everything will go well. 并非一切都会那么顺利。 The teacher didnt call everyones name. 老师并没有点所有人的名。 2.“not any-”和no-均表示全否定。例如 He listened, but heard nothing.他听了听但什么也没听到。 = He listened, but didnt hear anything. You havent called anyone/anybody up, have you? 你没给谁打过电话是吗 = You have called no one/nobody up, have you? 八、 合与分的区别问题 1.someoneanyoneeveryone都只能指人且不能和介词of连用some one，any one，every one则既可指人又可指物可与介词of连用。例如 Anyone should be polite to every one of them.任何人都要礼貌对待他们中的每一个人。 -Which toy would you like? -Any one is OK. -你要那个玩具-随便。 2.no one=nobody“没有人”只用来指人通常不和介词of连用none“没有一个”既可以用来指人也可用来指物。例如 No one can do it better. 没有人能做得更好。 None of these questions is easy, and none of us can even answer any one of them.这些问题没有一个是容易的我们中没有一个人能答出其中的一题。 回答who引导的特殊疑问句时用no one回答how many引导的特殊疑问句时用none。例如 -Who was late ? -No one. -谁迟到了-谁也没有迟到。 -How many pigs do you keep? -None. -你养几头猪-一头也没养。 练习( ) 1. Im hungry. I want _ to eat. A. anything B. Something C. everything D. nothing ( ) 2. Do you have _ to say for yourself? No, I have _ to say. A. something; everything B. nothing; something C. everything; anything D. anything; nothing ( ) 3. Why not ask _ to help you? A. everyone B. someone C. anyone D. none ( ) 4. Everything _ ready. We can start now. A. are B. is C. be D. were ( ) 5. Theres _ with his eyes. Hes OK. A. anything wrong B. wrong something C. nothing wrong D. wrong nothing ( ) 6. The story is so amazing! Its the most interesting story Ive ever read. But Im afraid it wont be liked by _. A. everybody B. Somebody C. anybody D. nobody ( ) 7. She listened carefully, but heard _. A. anyone B. Someone C. everyone D. nothing ( ) 8. I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with _. A. everything B. Anything C. something D. nothing ( ) 9. Everyone is here today, _? No, Han Mei isnt here. Shes ill. A. isnt it B. isnt he C. are they D. isnt everyone ( ) 10. Everything goes well, _? A. is it B. Isnt it C. do they D. doesnt it ()11._ofusisactiveinEnglishclass.A.EveryB.EveryoneC.EveryoneD.Anybody()12.Theexamwasdifficult,wasntit? No，butIdontthink_couldpassit.A.somebodyB.anybodyC.nobodyD.everybody( )13._ofusgo/goestoschoolbybus.We all live near the school.A. All B. No one C. None D. Everyone( )14.Look,_isdancingunderthetree.-Oh,thatsmycousin,Anna.A. everybodyB.anybodyC.nobodyD.Somebody( )15.Youdonthaveadrink.CanIgetyou_？ A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.Everthing( )16.-Look!Wehave_sugar.-Really?Letsgoandbuysome. AfewBafewClittleDalittle( )17.Thereisnt_paperinthebox.Willyougoandget_forme? Aany;someBany;anyCsome;someDsome;any( )18._ofthemhasadictionaryand_oneofthemcanlookupwordsin thedictionary. AEach;everyBEvery;eachCEach;eachDEvery;every( )19. Putitdown,Richard.Youmustntread_letter. AanyoneselsesBanyoneselseCanyoneelsesDanyoneelse 2、 用something,anything,anyone,nothing,everything,noone,everyone填空。1.Look!Canyousee_behindthetree?Yes,Ithinkitsacat.2. Doyouknow_inthestore? Sorry,Idontknowthem.3._isint