8B-unit5-知识点解析与配套练习.doc

第五单元知识点解析与配套练习一.【精选词汇】 重点短语1. have some pocket money left Sb have sth left某人剩下某物。There be sth/sb left.剩下 (p76)知识链接She has spent all her money on this book. Now she has none left. Hurry up. There is little time left.2. a flying eye hospital飞行眼科医院，perform/do operations做手术，teach them new skills and share our knowledge教他们新技术、分享我们的知识，watch the operations on video观看手术录像，train local doctors and nurses培训当地的医护人员 (p78)3. be used as a teaching centre被用作教学中心 be used as被用作 useas把用作知识链接e.g. English is used as the first language in the USA.4. be proud to be able to help so many people proud adj.骄傲的；自豪的pride n.骄傲知识链接be proud to do sth因做某事而骄傲/自豪 be/feel proud of以为骄傲/自豪，e.g. He is proud of his achievements. 5. make the world a better place for children让世界成为孩子们的更好地方6. make a donation tomake donations todonate money to向捐款，do voluntary work做义工，raise money by selling Christmas cards and organizing other fund-raising activities (p86)7. make flow charts制作流程图，have a job like Marys有一份像玛丽那样的工作，finish school毕业(不用定冠词the)，train as a nurse接受护士培训train as接受培训 (p89)8. do a lot of research on it research n.研究，e.g. scientific research科学研究 (p91)词汇解析1. 国际慈善机构(international charities)：ORBIS奥比斯，Oxfam乐施会Hong Kong Oxfam香港乐施会，Oxfam Trailwalker乐施会毅行者活动，UNICEF联合国儿童基金会，World Vision世界宣明会，World Wide Fund for NatureWWF世界自然基金会2. indeed adv.的确，实在地，确实，用以加强肯定的语气。e.g. Do you agree? Yes, indeed! A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见友情；患难朋友才是真正的朋友。3. 部分动词、形容词加后缀可以变为名词，常见的有以下三种情况：部分动词后缀ment名词：agreeagreement, advertiseadvertisementad, developdevelopment, punishpunishment, improveimprovement部分动词后缀ion名词：inventinvention, collectcollection, donatedonation, educate education, celebratecelebration, organizeorganization, inviteinvitation, connectconnection形容词后缀ness名词：illillness, sicksickness, richrichness, kindkindness, ugly ugliness, carelesscarelessness, fitfitness, greatgreatness, carelesscarelessness (粗心)二.【重点句型】1. Im not used to going out before lunch. Dont worry. Hobo, you used to be very kind to me. Let me have lunch first. Im so weak that I cant walk further. further是far的比较级。 (p76)2. Blindness affects about 45 million people around the world, mostly in poor countries, and about 80 per cent of these cases can be cured or prevented. 80% of the cases of blindness 80%的失明病例 (p78)知识链接affectinfluence vt.影响effect n.影响，常用短语have a bad/good effect on sb，e.g. Smoking affects your health. Fights in action films have a bad effect on teenagers.mostly adv.主要地；大部分地；一般地，e.g. Were mostly out on Sundays.我们星期天一般不在家。per cent百分数，如：80%读作eighty per cent。当百分数作主语时，谓语动词的形式由百分数后面的名词而定，与“就近原则”相似。e.g. 71% of the earth is covered with water. Twenty per cent of the students are from the countryside.3. Many of our patients are so poor that they cant afford to travel to hospital, so we have to go to them. 我们的许多病人很穷，连去医院的钱都没有，所以我们得去他们那里。知识链接afford sth买得起；有时间做，通常与can, could, be able to连用，一般用于否定句、疑问句中。e.g. Can we afford a new car? afford to do sth有足够的钱做某事，e.g. We cant afford to buy a new house. Can they afford to go abroad this summer?4. By training local doctors and nurses, we hope to help even more people. by介词，通过。5. Youve done such an important job that people must be really grateful to you. (p79)知识链接be grateful to sb for sth因某事而感激某人gratefulthankful，注意不要把grateful写成greatful。e.g. Im grateful to you for your help and support. 6. Modern medicine is developing so quickly that we can treat and cure most eye problems and improve the lives of patients.现代医学发展如此之快，以至于我们能治疗并治愈绝大多数眼疾，从而改善病人的生活。 注意sothat结构中so后面形容词或副词的使用规则。知识链接lifelives生活；生命，lose ones life/lives丧生，save ones life/lives挽救某人的生命，物主代词或名词所有格的单复数决定了life/lives。e.g. lose his life, save their lives improve改进；改善；提高，e.g. You need more practice to improve your English.10. All we need is enough money to carry on with our work.我们所需要的足够的钱，以继续我们的工作。All we need是All that we need的省略。知识链接carry on with sthcarry on doing sthcontinue to do sthcontinue doing sth继续做某事，e.g. They carried on working, though they were very tired. 11. We hope people will support our work by sending donations to ORBIS.We hope people will send donations to ORBIS to support our work.12. Dr Ma said that 80% of the cases of blindness can be either prevented or cured. (p81)知识链接either (两者中的)任何一个，e.g. You can park on either side of the street.eitheror(对两事物的选择)要么要么；不是不是；或者或者，作主语时谓语动词的形式遵循“就近原则”。e.g. I think shes either English or American. Ill buy either a camera or a MP3 player with the money. This afternoon he will either stay at home or go to the cinema. Either he could not come or he did not want to.他要么是不能来要么是不想来。Either he or you are going to be invited to attend the presentation this coming Friday.either (用于否定句句尾)也，Peter cant and I cant either. Sandy wont go there. I wont go there, either.Neither/Nor will I.Me either. 用法拓展Neither助动词主语，某某也不。So助动词主语，某某也如此。三.【语法详解】used to, be used to, sothat, suchthatused to, be used to的用法used to动词原形，过去常做某事；be used to sth习惯某事，be used to doing sth习惯做某事，也可以表达为get/become used to sth, get/become used to doing sth。sothat, suchthat的用法so, such的用法：so是副词，修饰形容词或副词原级；such是形容词，修饰名词或名词短语。 such a/an形容词名词单数 such形容词名词复数 such形容词不可数名词。当名词前有many, much, few, little这四个词修饰，只能用so，即so many/few名词复数，so much/little不可数名词；简言之，so修饰“两多”、“两少”。例如： 四.【中考真题】1. Yao Ming is a great basketball player. We are proud him. (2006河北)A. of B. to C. for D. at2. He used to in the sun, but now he is used to at night. (2007甘肃)A. read; read B. reading; read C. read; reading D. reading; reading 3. 蒂娜年纪太小，不能照顾自己。Tina is young that she cant look after .4. Lily isnt used to (chat) on the Internet. (2007常州)5. Unluckily, Mr Brown drove so that his car crashed into a tree yesterday evening. (2007连云港)A. careless B. careful C. carefully D. carelessly 牛津8Bunit5配套练习一 根据汉语提示写单词1. The girls parents were _(骄傲的) of their daughter for her great success in medicine.2. SARS has _(影响) many people in the world.3. Doctors often watch _(手术) on video.4. By _(训练) local doctors and nurses. We help more people.5. AIDS affect many people in the world, _(大部分) in Africa.6. With the _(捐助物) from generous people, ORBIS is able to provide good eye treatments to patients.7. I am always _(充满感激的) to Mrs. Chen because she helps me a lot.8. Please tell us something about _(失明).9. Many people dont have the money for medical _(治疗).10. The doctors are trying to _(治好) the patients illness.11. We should treat children and the old with _(善意).12. The good news is that 80 percent of the _(病例) of blindness can be cured.13. Thank you for _(动手术) on them on the plane.14. With the _(发展) of economy(经济), China is stronger and stronger.15. _(教育) is very important.16. _(悲伤) will not make anything better.17. He is looking up the word in a _(医学的) dictionary.18. Working long hours without _(睡眠) makes you unhealthy.19. We all know that ORBIS is an international _(组织).20.People got excited about even the smallest _(提高).二、动词填空1. Its great that doctors spend much time _ (cure) sick people. 2. Yao Ming _ (train) to be one of the best basketball players in the world. 3. I get up very early to read English _ (improve) my spoken English.4. Now most of eye problems can _ (cure). 5. His brother is used to _ (work) for a long time every day.6. We hope more people will support our work by _ (donate) money. 7. We should prevent them _ (pour) waste water into the river.8. All these skills _ (teach) in our school.9. The doctor _ (operate ) on five patients since 3 p.m. yesterday.10. The Red Cross _ (set) up in 1963.三 单选1、He makes his living by piano lessons. A. give B. to give C. giving D. given2、He hopes to the moon some day. A. to fly B.fly C. flying D. flies3、Doctors perform operations them help them see again. A. to; to B. on; to C. to; for D. for; to4、We should take some actions to people from wild animals. A. prevent, kill B. prevent, killing C. preventing, kill D. prevent, to kill5、-Youre so busy! -I your lifestyle. A. used to B. am used to C. am not used to D. cant used to6、About 85 of the cases of blindness in that place _ by the ORBIS doctors. A. are prevent B. were prevented C. is prevented D. was prevented7、World Wide Fund for Nature _ protect environment and animal habitats.A. works to B. used to C. works for D. work to8、Many blind men in poor countries have no money to travel to _hospital, so if I only work in _ hospital, I cant help them.A. a, / B. /, a C. /, / D. a, a9、_ it is to do _hard work, I think. A. How fun; such a B. What a fun; so C. What fun; such D. How funny; so 10、He began to work in that hospital in 2003 _ a doctor. A. as B. on C. at D. in11、More and more people in Beijing are learning English _ they can better serve(服务) the 2008 Olympic Games. A. because of B. so that C. even though D. as if12、The house is _ small for us _. A. so; to live B. too; live in C. very; to live on D. enough; living13、I was too busy _ my homework _ you. A. doing; helping B. to do; to help C. doing; to help D. to do; helping14、We should work _ to make _ for our living. A. hardly enough; enough money B. enough hard; enough money C. hardly enough; money enough D. hard enough; enough money.15、We all think that_ kind _ you to give me so much help. A. its; for B. it; for C. its; of D. it; of四、阅读理解(A) Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved to New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters to medical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. So determined was she, that she taught school and gave music lessons to earn money for her school. In 1849, after graduation from medical school, she decided to further her education in Paris. Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she w