实验三：路由器基本配置.doc

上机报告姓名学号 专业班级计科普1002 课程名称 网络系统集成指导教师机房名称 （I520）上机日期2012 年10 月 26 日上机项目名称实验三：路由器基本配置上机步骤及内容：实验目的1使用路由器配置静态路由、RIP协议、OSPF协议。掌握使用相应协议实现路由选择的方法。2通过在路由器上使用相关的检查和排错命令学习如何维护和分析RIP协议、OSPF协议。3通过RIPv1和RIPv2配置过程的不同体会两者在实际使用上的差别。实验要求1在路由器上配置静态路由、缺省路由；2配置RIP协议；配置OSPF协议；3掌握路由器接口配置，测试网络连通性；4理解每一步实验的作用，把实验的每一步所完成的任务详细地叙述清楚，并记录在实验报告上；5实验结束后上缴实验报告实验仪器设备和材料清单1具备两个以太网端口的路由器三台，交换机两台；2两台具备以太网接口的PC机，分别连接路由器的内外网口，路由器端口、PC的IP地址可自己分配和设置3路由器拓扑结构成环状或线性连接；4. 实验组网图。图 1.1 实验组网图实验内容1完成路由器的基本端口配置，静态路由，缺省路由配置；2RIPv2协议配置；3. OSPF协议配置；4通过在路由器上使用相关的检查和排错命令学习如何维护和分析RIP协议、OSPF协议。实验步骤1作路由器的端口IP地址配置，代码如下：路由器r1H3Csysname r1r1int e0/1r1-Ethernet0/1ip add 192.168.11.1 24r1-Ethernet0/1%Oct 28 16:55:42:805 2012 r1 IFNET/4/UPDOWN: Line protocol on the interface Ethernet0/1 is UP r1-Ethernet0/1int e0/0r1-Ethernet0/0ip add 192.168.22.1 24路由器r2H3Csysname r2r2int e0/1r2-Ethernet0/1ip add 192.168.22.2 24r2-Ethernet0/1%Oct 28 16:40:33:465 2012 r2 IFNET/4/UPDOWN: Line protocol on the interface Ethernet0/1 is UP r2-Ethernet0/1int e0/0r2-Ethernet0/0ip add 192.168.33.1 24路由器r3H3Csysname r2r3int e0/1r2-Ethernet0/1ip add 192.168.33.2 24r3-Ethernet0/1%Oct 28 16:40:33:465 2012 r3 IFNET/4/UPDOWN: Line protocol on the interface Ethernet0/1 is UP r3-Ethernet0/1int e0/0r3-Ethernet0/0ip add 192.168.44.1 242配置静态路由路由器r1r1ip route-static 192.168.33.0 24 192.168.22.2r1ip route-static 192.168.44.0 24 192.168.22.2路由器r2r2ip route-static 192.168.44.0 24 192.168.33.2r2ip route-static 192.168.11.0 24 192.168.22.1路由器r3r3ip route-static 192.168.22.0 24 192.168.33.1r3ip route-static 192.168.11.0 24 192.168.33.13配置默认路由路由器r1r1ip route-static 0.0.0.0 24 192.168.22.2路由器r2r1ip route-static 0.0.0.0 24 192.168.33.2路由器r3r1ip route-static 0.0.0.0 24 192.168.33.14RIPv2协议配置路由器r1r1ripr1-rip-1network 192.168.11.0r1-rip-1network 192.168.22.0r1-rip-1version 2路由器r2r1ripr1-rip-1network 192.168.33.0r1-rip-1network 192.168.22.0r1-rip-1version 2路由器r3r1ripr1-rip-1network 192.168.44.0r1-rip-1network 192.168.33.0r1-rip-1version 25OSPF协议配置路由器r1r1interr1interface loopr1interface LoopBack 0r1-LoopBack0ip add 1.1.1.1 24 Info: Only 32-bit masks are supported on Loopback interfaces. The mask has been converted to 32-bit.r1-LoopBack0ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255r1-LoopBack0quitr1rour1router id 1.1.1.1r1ospf 1r1-ospf-1area 0r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 192.168.11.0 0.0.0.255r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 192.168.22.0 0.0.0.255路由器r2r2intr2interface loopr2interface LoopBack 0r2-LoopBack0ip add 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255r2-LoopBack0quitr2rour2router id 2.2.2.2r2ospf 100r2-ospf-100area 0r2-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0r2-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0network 192.168.22.0 0.0.0.255r2-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0quitr2-ospf-100area 192.168.10.1r2-ospf-100-area-192.168.10.1netr2-ospf-100-area-192.168.10.1network 192.168.33.0 0.0.0.255路由器r3r3intr3interface loopr3interface LoopBack 0r3-LoopBack0ip add 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255r3-LoopBack0quitr3ospf 1r3-ospf-1area 192.168.10.1r3-ospf-1-area-192.168.10.1network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0r3-ospf-1-area-192.168.10.1network 192.168.44.0 0.0.0.255r3-ospf-1-area-192.168.10.1network 192.168.33.0 0.0.0.2556验证配置当配置了rip协议之后，是可以让路由器之间相互ping通，然后路由器之间是可以相互学习到的。我们一路由器r1为例，其效果如下：（1）在路由器r1上ping路由器r3 r1ping 192.168.44.1 PING 192.168.44.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 192.168.44.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=2 ms Reply from 192.168.44.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=1 ms Reply from 192.168.44.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=1 ms Reply from 192.168.44.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=1 ms Reply from 192.168.44.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=1 ms - 192.168.44.1 ping statistics - 5 packet(s) transmitted 5 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/2 ms（2）查看路由表，知道路由器之间相互学习到了，所以能够路由ping通。 r1display ip routing-table Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 8 Routes : 8Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0192.168.11.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.11.1 Eth0/1192.168.11.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0192.168.22.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.22.1 Eth0/0192.168.22.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0192.168.33.0/24 RIP 100 1 192.168.22.2 Eth0/0192.168.44.0/24 RIP 100 2 192.168.22.2 Eth0/0（3）在进行了ospf协议的配置后，我们能够让路由ping通。r1ping 3.3.3.3 PING 3.3.3.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=2 ms Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=1 ms Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=1 ms Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=1 ms Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=1 ms - 3.3.3.3 ping statistics - 5 packet(s) transmitted 5 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/2 ms（4）查看ospf的邻居状态。 r1display ospf brief OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1 OSPF Protocol Information RouterID: 1.1.1.1 Border Router: Route Tag: 0 Multi-VPN-Instance is not enabled Applications Supported: MPLS Traffic-Engineering SPF-schedule-interval: 5 LSA generation interval: 5 LSA arrival interval: 1000 Transmit pacing: Interval: 20 Count: 3 Default ASE parameters: Metric: 1 Tag: 1 Type: 2 Route Preference: 10 ASE Route Preference: 150 SPF Computation Count: 10 RFC 1583 Compatible Graceful restart interval: 120 Area Count: 1 Nssa Area Count: 0 ExChange/Loading Neighbors: 0 Area: 0.0.0.0 (MPLS TE not enabled) Authtype: None Area flag: Normal SPF Scheduled Count: 8 ExChange/Loading Neighbors: 0 Interface: 192.168.11.1 (Ethernet0/1) Cost: 1 State: DR Type: Broadcast MTU: 1500 Priority: 1 Designated Router: 192.168.11.1 Backup Designated Router: 0.0.0.0 Timers: Hello 10, Dead 40, Poll 40, Retransmit 5, Transmit Delay 1 Interface: 192.168.22.1 (Ethernet0/0) Cost: 1 State: DR Type: Broadcast MTU: 1500 Priority: 1 Designated Router: 192.168.22.1 Backup Designated Router: 192.168.22.2 Timers: Hello 10, Dead 40, Poll 40, Retransmit 5, Transmit Delay 1 Interface: 1.1.1.1 (LoopBack0) Cost: 0 State: Loopback Type: PTP MTU: 1536 Timers: Hello 10, Dead 40, Poll 40, Retransmit 5, Transmit Delay 1 （5）查看ospf的全局汇总信息。 r1display ospf lsdb OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1 Link State Database Area: 0.0.0.0 Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric Router 1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 115 60 80000007 0 Router 2.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 105 48 80000004 0 Network 192.168.22.1 1.1.1.1 115 32 80000002 0 Sum-Net 192.168.44.0 2.2.2.2 69 28 80000001 2 Sum-Net 3.3.3.3 2.2.2.2 69 28 80000001 1 Sum-Net 192.168.33.0 2.2.2.2 79 28 80000001 1（6）再次查看路由表，即查看ospf链路状态数据库。r1display ip routing-table Routing Tables: