意识的数学模型.pdf

The Mathematic Model of Consciousness Zhang Yinsheng 1 1Institute of Science 2 the system operate by some rules and 3 the rules certainly map some laws or relations in the entities The essence of consciousness is certain correspondence between substance with some rules or laws 1 The Summarization of the Definitions of Consciousness The definition of consciousness has been disputed for several thousands year Sometimes the debates result from the different regulations of definition To avoid it the following regulations of definition are proposed Regulation of definition 1 Definition of consciousness must be accorded with the everyday meaning of the word consciousness that is defining consciousness is not voluntary it is but the interpretation of the widely used for thousands year concept and is only the abstract of the characteristics of the matter to the matter the widely used concept of consciousness refers Regulation of definition 2 Definition of consciousness must be acceptable both for philosophy and the science The definer should be clear that the definition of the word consciousness is just one as both the philosophers and the scientists refer to there should not be the separate interpretation of the word consciousness from another study fields Regulation of definition 3 The concept of consciousness must be common for any type of the matter to be tested by the definition standard in other word no matter human animal or machine it is if it satisfies the definition standard of consciousness it should be regarded as being conscious By the understanding the thoughts of regulations of definition 1 we should be able to abstract the common meanings among the various definitions Norman Malcolm explained the common meanings He pointed out that being conscious is used in the two different ways The first use is called transitive because this form of consciousness takes an object that is it is consciousness of something The second use is called intransitive because this form of consciousness has no object 1 From the viewpoint of Norman Malcolm we can conclude that the primary sense of the word consciousness is transitive We can define consciousness that the essence of consciousness is transitivity of a information system and transitivity can be defined as a certain correspondence between the system of information and the outside matters For example the word sun correspond the entity sun Correspondence as the essence of consciousness can be modeled in mathematic expression denoting the correspondence Second Asia International Conference on Modelling enter open to the south the mouse of cave less then 75 square centimeters several meters high to the ground Before building the new nest bees as the collective carry out an optimized selection of the characters and communicate the characters they saw with each others It showed that without the saved information of the view the view as the non existential when they start building should be called expected or speculated one selection must not be possible Another sample is the experiment made by Julie Neiwork and Mark Rilling cited by Marian Stamp Dawkins 5 The experiments tested if the pigeons can judge where would be appearance of the disappeared point of the particularly made clock in a regular circle the result showed yes It proved that pigeons can integrate the information of the point and the information of time i e x1 x2 here the integration of information of the point and the information of time x1 x2must exist in the nervous of pigeons before the mapped object f x1 x2 the point appears in a certain position and in a time for they are capable of judging where the point should appears Example 6 Most animals can t utilize and make the tools but some animals can Human can do it Which relation with consciousness does it has Answer Utilizing the tools is the action with consciousness x1 information of the tool x2 information of the object operated by the tool f x1 the tool f x2 the object operated by the tool f x1 x2 the result of speculation or intention utilizing the tool upon the object f1 x1 f1 x2 the result of operation utilizing the tool upon the object conjunction of the information of the tool and the object action or operation by the tool upon the object In fact f x1 x2 f1 x1 f1 x2 so utilizing the tools is the action with consciousness Making the tools is the action with consciousness Let x 1 information of the material for making the tool x0 information of the tool i e the hands in primary for making the tool f1 x 1 x0 the speculation or intention making the tool f1 x 1 f1 x 0 the result of making the tool utilizing the material by the hands The action from making tool to utilizing the tool can be denoted as f2 f1 x0 x1 x2 x n f2 f1 x0 x1 f2 x2 5 Obviously utilizing the tool made by the utiliser is more in mapping then utilizing the tool only In essence making tool and utilizing tool is the same in the model as the expression 2 and 5 Example 7 Do the system of genome and proteome have consciousness Answer Genome is the entities y1 y2 yn rather than the information Although genome is called as information it is a metaphor and not the separate memory as the real features of information to restore or represent the entity the separate memory can be denote as the characters such as AACTTGC So there is not a system X to map the entities y1 y2 y n thus there is not a parallel group for transition in the system so the system of genome and proteome is not conscious 4 The Mathematic Model of Consciousness with the Parameters of the Neurons An experiment approved that consciousness of human satisfying equation 2 In 2004 H R Heekeren et al made an experiment They proved that for the information expressing concepts and sentences combination of the information match responsive combination neurons of brain The previous experiments before the experiment of H R Heekeren identified the regions in the human ventral temporal cortex that are more activated by faces than by houses and vise versa We hereby consider the activated region to faces and houses as the represented regions saved information of the faces and houses The experiment of H R Heekeren was to ask the tested persons to decide if the input images in the showed screen was the face or house given the input images respectively of the clear face and house and of the face and house with noise fuzzy voxels functional magnetic resonance imaging fMRI recorded the responsive regions by blood oxygen level dependent BOLD when the tested persons saw the input images and answered whether the images was the face or house The data showed that the responsive intensity to higher level decision making answer depend positively as the difference of responsive intensity between the face responsive region and the house responsive region to 577 an image They concluded that perceptual decisions are made by integrating evidence from sensory processing area i e decision making areas use the output from the lower level sensory regions This use just indicates that combination of information mapping the entities correspond combination of neuron units i e the pattern or process of the neural correlate of consciousness of human is just the information meeting equation 2 The consciousness can be analyzed as following Let n1 n 2 n n denote neurons or less units of neurons combination of neurons or the units less neurons in time serial refers to a simple relation of standing side by side f0 n1 n 2 n n represent corresponsive information by n1 n 2 n n i e f0 n1 n 2 n n x1 x2 x n In the experiment of Heekeren f1 face responsive region face Therefore we have f1 f0 face responsive region face responsive region it responsive region be responsive region f1 face house it be f1 it is the face it is the house f1 face f1 house the image of the face for test the image of the house for test 7 Equation 6 7 are the bridge linking the objectivity consciousness and neurons and joining physics and metaphysics It interprets the model in the physical sense 5 Conclusion Although consciousness is not empirical it can be expressed by homomorphic model as the correspondence between entities outside the system and the inner parts of the system Consciousness exists when 1 the units of system certainly map the entities outside the system 2 the system operate by some rules and 3 the rules certainly map some laws or relations in the entities In one word the essence of consciousness is certain correspondence between substance with some rules or laws The homomorphic model is the definition widely accepted by the multi fields and can be as a standard to the various systems to define whether it owns consciousness or not and be a common ruler to value whether a life or machine possesses consciousness These conclusions showed further more that there is not any thing but empirical and computable substance in for the matter named as consciousness for all the essence and phenomena of consciousness can be interpreted by the substance in the two end of the homomorphic equation Therefore we further conclude that 1 There is n