高考阅读理解高频高难词汇201-300详解.doc

201. emotion n. 情感,感情 学语言唱歌要融入emotion（情感）with deep emotion（深情地） Love,joy,hate,fear and jealousy are all emotions.爱、喜、憎、恨、妒都是情感 The speaker appealed to our emotions rather than to our minds.演说人所触动的是我们的情感，而不是我们的理智 emotional情感的，情绪的，感情的 这是个emotional问题（情感问题） emotional音乐（抒情的音乐），emotional 语言（动情的language） without emotion毫无情感的，无动于衷的202. awful a. 极坏的,威严的,可怕的 （英文解释extremely bad or unpleasant；terrible） an awful accident可怕的事故，an awful experience可怕的经历 What awful weather！多糟糕的天气呀！ The film was awful.那部电影糟糕透了 awfully很，极，非常(英文解释：very,very much) awfully hot非常热 I am awfully sorry.我非常抱歉 Its awfully kind of you.你太好了203. awkward a. 笨拙的；(手脚)不灵巧的;不熟练的；棘手的 She is an awkward girl.她是一个笨手笨脚的女孩。 I am a awkward dancer.我跳舞笨手笨脚的 You have put me in a very awkward position你已经使我处于非常尴尬的境地204. clue n. 线索,提示 We have no clue as to where she went after she left home.关于她离家后去了哪里，我们没有任何线索 火车什么时候开？-I havent a clue.我一点也不知道（一无所知，什么也不知道）205. collision n. 碰撞；（两人之间或对立意见、看法等之间的）冲突，抵触 The two ships came into collision.两艘轮船相撞。The two ships were in collision A collision with parliament could ruin the governments plans.与议会冲突可能毁坏政府的计划 collide v.（运动的物体或人）猛撞，互撞；(人、意见等 )冲突, 抵触, 不一致 My car collided with a van.我的车和一辆货车相撞了 The interests of the two countries collide.两国的利益发生冲突。206. device n. 装置,设备 A computer is a device for processing information.电脑是一种用来处理信息的设备。 an explosive device爆炸装置 手段, 策略Her illness is merely a device to avoid seeing him.她所谓生病只不过是避免见他的花招而已。207. devise vt. 想出（计划）（英文解释：think out a plan）；发明（设备、工具）（英文解释：invent） He has devised a scheme for making money.他想出一个赚钱的办法。 208. inevitable a. 不可避免的, 必然发生的；非正总会发生的, 照例必有的, 惯常的 the inevitable course of history历史的必由之路 Death is inevitable.死是不可避免的。 Mary was wearing her inevitable large hat.玛丽戴着她总是戴的那顶大帽子 evitable 可避免的(=avoidable)可避免的209. naval a. 海军的 He is a naval officer.他是一名海军军官。 He took part in a great naval battle.他参加了一次大海战。210. navigation n. 航行(学); 航海(术), 航空(术)；导航, 领航 Navigation is difficult on this river because of hidden rocks.由于多暗礁, 在这条河上航行很困难。 The compass is an instrument of navigation.罗盘是导航仪器。 navigate v.给(船舶、飞机等)引航;导航 These birds navigate by the sun.这些鸟靠太阳确定方向。 The ship was navigated by the North Star.那只船靠北极星来导航。211. necessity n. 必需品；必要(性)，(迫切)需要 Telephone is now a household necessity.现在电话是一种家庭必需品。 You must understand the necessity of education.你必须懂得教育的必要性。 Necessary常用复必需品 He has enough money to obtain the necessaries of life.他有足够的钱购买生活必需品同义词necessary/essential/indispensable/vital 都含“必要的”、“必需的”的意思。 necessary指“必要的”、“迫切需要的”, 如:Its necessary for us to study hard .我们必须努力学习。 essential指“必需的”、“不可缺少的”, 如:Food is essential for life.食物是生命所必需的。 indispensable指“必要的”、“必不可少的”, 如:He is indispensable to our work, we cannot do it without him.对于我们的工作来说, 他是不可缺少的, 没有他, 我们就做不了。 vital意为 “非常重要的”、“极需的”, 如:This point is vital to my argument.这一点对我的论据来说是非常重要的。212. previous a. 先前的, 以前的；过早的, 过急的 The author mentioned it in the previous paragraph.作者在前一段里提到这件事。 Dont be too previous about refusing.别过急地拒绝。213. provision n. 供应, 提供, 供给 The government is responsible for the provision of education for all the children.政府有责任向所有儿童提供教育。 准备, 防备He made some necessary provision for his wife and children.他为妻子和孩子做了一些必要的准备 复数 存粮；粮食；食物；给养We have a plentiful store of provisions.我们贮存了大量食物214. pursue vt. 追逐，追捕，追击，追杀；继续从事,进行 The policemen pursued the bank robbers.警察追捕银行抢劫犯。 Foxes, wild cats and other animals pursue the hare.狐狸、野猫及其他一些动物都捕食野兔。 He pursued his studies after leaving school.他离开学校后仍继续进行研究。 pursuit 追求She devoted her life to the pursuit of wealth/pleasure 她把一生都用在追求财富/享乐上215. stale a. 不新鲜的,陈腐的; 味道变坏的；无趣味的; 老掉牙的；没有生气的216. substitute n. 代用品 vt. 代用 主要演员病了，由备用演员替代the understudy was substituted when the leading actor fell ill. 我们得用新椅子代替这把破的we must substitute a new chair for the broken one. She was dancing while someone substituted at the piano.她在跳舞, 别人代她弹钢琴。 If you cannot go yourself, please find someone to substitute for you.你如果不能亲自去, 请找人代替你。 substitution替代，替換substitution of tea for coffee用茶代替咖啡217. deserve vt. 应受,应得,值得 He deserves a reward for his efforts.他积极努力, 值得奖赏。 He deserved to be punished.他应受惩罚。 He didnt really deserve (that) she should be so kind to him.他确实不值得她对他那么好。 The article deserves carefully study.这篇文章值得仔细研究218. discrimination n. 辨别力, 识别力These robots are capable of shape discrimination.这些机器人能辨别形状。 歧视，不公平的待遇He spoke out against racial discrimination.他声言反对种族歧视。 discriminate between A and B; discriminate A from B分别, 辨别, 区分 discriminate between two cases; discriminate one case from the other把两个案件区分开 discriminate against sb歧视.；discriminate in favor of sb优待. Society still discriminate against women 社会仍然歧视妇女 Society still discriminate in favor of men.社会任然重视男人219. professional a. 职业的,专门的；内行的 She is a professional actress.她是职业演员。 内行, 专家She is a real professional.她真内行。 profession n.职业, 自由职业Medicine is her destined profession.医学是她命中注定要从事的职业。 220. secure a. 牢固的，可靠的，有把握的，确切的；安全的（=safe，protected） That is a secure foothold.那是一可靠的落脚点。 feel secure about about my future对自己的前途感到安心 Your future in the company is secure.你在公司的前途有保证。 security n. 安全,保障 They lulled her into a false sense of security.他们哄骗她, 使她产生一种虚假的安全感。221. scratch v./n. 抓,搔, The dog is always scratching.那只狗老是搔痒。 His dog just gives a scratch at the door when it wants to come in.他的狗想进来时就用爪子抓门。222. talent for sth天才，才能；talent有才干的人，人才 Her talents are well-known.她的才华是众所周知的 He possesses a remarkable talent for music 他具有出众的音乐才华 Were always looking for new/fresh talent.我们总是寻觅新的人才。 talented有才能的，有才华的talentless没有天赋的，无才能的 talent-scout（为娱乐行业、运动队发掘人才的）星探，球探223. insure vt.保证, 确保; 为保险, 投保 Check your work to insure its accuracy.检查一下你的工作, 以保证它的准确性。 Will it insure success to/for you?这将保证你成功吗? An insurance company will insure your life.保险公司可以给你保寿险。 insure sb.s property against fire给某人财产保火险 have ones life insured给自已保人寿险 insurance n. 保险,保险费 224. nevertheless ad. 仍然,然而,不过 He succeeded nevertheless.不过他还是成功了。 What you said was true but nevertheless unkind.你所说的都对, 不过有点不客气。 conj.尽管如此, 然而 We are going nevertheless we shall return.我们要走了, 不过我们还要回来。 She was very tired, nevertheless she kept on working.她虽然很疲倦, 然而她却继续工作。 The news may be unexpected,nevertheless it is true.这消息也许是出乎意料的, 然而是真实的。225. neutral a. 中立的, 不偏不倚的，持平的，无倾向性的 be/remain neutral保持中立226. spot n. 地点；斑点 vt. 认出,发现；玷污 Lets meet at this spot tomorrow.明天我们就在这个地方见面吧。 You have a grease spot on your shirt.你的衬衣上有块油斑。 I spotted him in the crowd.我在人群中认出了他。 How did you spot those fifties were counterfeited?你怎样察觉出那些50元面值的纸币是伪造的? The fabric will spot easily.这种织品很容易玷污。 He spotted his clothes.他弄脏了他的衣服。227. spray v. 喷,（使）溅散 Water sprayed out all over me.水喷出来浇了我一身。228. medium a. 中等的,适中的 n. 媒介物,新闻媒介 This is an effective medium.这是一种有效手段。 media n. 新闻传媒 （medium的复数） Radio, television, newspapers and magazines are known as the mass media.广播、电视、报纸和杂志被称为大众传媒。229. auxiliary a. （工人）辅助的；（设备） 备用的 n.辅助的人或物 An auxiliary nurse助理护士 An auxiliary generator in case of power cuts停电时用的辅助发电机 I work in an auxiliary unit.我在一家附属单位工作。230.auto n.美汽车 Dont park your auto here.别把你的汽车停在这儿。 automatic a. 自动的；不假思索的, 无意识的 A boy who has good manners stands up in an automatic movement when a lady enters the room.一个有礼貌的孩子, 在一个女士进入房间时, 便会不假思索地站起来。 Breathing is automatic.呼吸是无意识的。231. compete vi. 比赛，竞争 compete (against /with sb)(in sth) 在.方面与某人竞争 compete (against /with sb)(for sth)与某人竞争而获得某物 competition n. 竞争,比赛 （between/with sb)(for sth)竞争 He came the first in the boxing/chess/beauty competition.他在拳击/象棋/选美比赛中夺了魁 competitive(形容词）比赛的，（ with sb/sth) 有竞争性的，有好强心的 competitor竞争者，比赛者，敌手 competent a. 有能力的,能胜任的 competent as/at/in sth;competent to do sth（指人）有能力（权威、技术、知识）的，能干的，胜任的;相当好的（英文解释：quite good but not excellent） I am competent at/in my work.我能胜任我的工作 He is competent to do it.他能做这件事。to look after young children.他不会照顾孩子 He did a competent job.他的工作做得相当出色。 Competence for/as/in sth; competence in doing sth/to do sth称职，能力，胜任；（指法官、法院的)权限, 管辖权 No one doubts her competence as a teacher没有人怀疑她任教的能力 We knew her competence in solving problems.我们都知道她解决问题的能力。 These are matters within/beyond the competence of the court.这些是法院权限以内/外的事。232. distribute vt. 分发 ，分配，分给； 散发，散播，分布 The foreman distributes the work every morning.工头每天早晨分派工作。 During the war, all foods were distributed in a planned way.在战争中, 所有的食品都按计划分配。 These books are distributed freely.这些书免费散发。233. infer v. 推论,推断 From his remarks, I inferred that he hadnt enjoyed his holiday.从他的话中我推断他的假期过得不愉快。 意味着; 暗示; 指明Ragged clothing infers poverty.破衣烂衫意味着贫穷。同义词infer/deduce/conclude/judge/gather 都含“推断”, “结论”、“推论”的意思。 infer 指“由已知的事实或信念进行推理而得出(结论)”, 如:From your smile I infer that youre pleased.从你的笑容, 我断定你很高兴。 deduce 指“根据充分证据或从一般原则进行逻辑推理而推出”, 如:The method was deduced from experiments .这个方法是经过实验推论出来的。 conclude 指“由已知事实或信念预期或推导出必要的结果、意见、概念等”, 如:From the evidence I must conclude that youare wrong.从证据看, 我敢断定你错了。 judge强调“对前提进行衡量和核对以作出判断”, 如:I cant judge whether she is right or wrong.我不能断定她是对还是错。 gather是非正式用语, 指“由已知的事实或言行中得出(想象、想法等)”, 可与 infer, conclude互换, 如:I gather from his words that he is angry.根据他的话来推测, 他生气了。234. integrate v.使结合(with); 使并入(into); 使一体化, 使完全, 使成一整体 integrate theory with practice使理论与实践相结合 A integrates with B. A和B结合起来。 Do you really want to integrate with us?你真想与我们合并吗? (使)融入They have lived in this country for ten years, but have never really integrated.他们已在这个国家生活了十年, 但还没有融入这个社会。235. moist a. 潮湿的, 微湿的 Strawberries grow best in a cool, moist climate.草莓最适于在凉爽、潮湿的气候条件下生长。 Winds from the sea are usually moist.海风通常是潮湿的。 moisture n. 水分, 水气, 湿气The moisture in the air makes it humid today.今天空气中水气大, 天气很潮湿。 humid(空气或气候)温暖潮湿的；湿热的Its too humid today.its hard to breathe!今天真闷热, 热得透不过气来！236. promote vt. 提升, 提拔 My sons just been promoted.我儿子刚被提拔。 They promoted him to be a general.他们将他提拔为将军。 They promoted him captain.他们提升他为上尉。 促进，推进，增进 The organization works to promote the trade between nations.该组织旨在促进各国之间的贸易。 Milk promotes health.牛奶可增进健康。 237. region n. 地区；范围；幅度 词汇辨析：area,district,zone和region area表示有一定面积限定，强调它的“面积”（不指行政单位，与行政区划概念没有任何联系） 如：desert areas of North Africa；in this area；a recreation area 重新改建的地区也可指被划定的服务、生产区域。 如：the industrial area the parking area受灾地区 disaster-affected area 洪水灾区 the flood-affected area革命老区 old revolutionary base areas边远地区 remote and border areas边远贫困地区 outlying poverty-stricken areas region指在地理上有天然界限或有自己特色的一个单位,或自治区等行政单位,也可指领域;表示在该区域上形成了独具特色的事物或风情，如表述某个民族所在区域就用它 如：the Arctic region；a tropical region；tropical regions of South America 南美的热带地区 district专指行政或管辖区域，如“海淀 District” “华盛顿特区”，如县级区用district 如：Hongkou District of Shanghai zone表示地带，专指它有某些特定的职能，就像“动感地带M-zone”；是个环绕区域,有严格的边界,如经济特区， 如五个气温带和time zone 也可以是人为划分的特定的地方（=area） 如：a resistance zone/area；a school zone/area；a No Parking zone/area a residential zone 居住区238. register v./n.登记,注册 Have you registered the birth of your baby?你给婴儿的出生登记了吗? registration n.登记,注册,挂号 a cars registration document 汽车登记证 The registration of students for the course will begin on Thursday morning.学生登记上的这门课将于星期四上午开始。239. stable a. 稳定的 A house built on stable foundations建在牢固基础上的房屋 We need a stable government.我们需要一个稳定的政府。 This chair isnt very stable.这把椅子不大稳固。 病人的病情stable（the patients condition is stable) （指人或人的性格）坚定的，稳定的 she has become such a stable character.她变得如此沉稳。（稳重的性格） Mentally shes very stable.在思想上，他非常坚定（她情绪十分稳定）240. sophisticate n.老于世故的人,见多识广的人 This is a hotel that is popular with sophisticates.这是一个世故者喜欢的酒店。 sophistication老于世故；老练；有教养；温文尔雅；高度精密，（错综）复杂 sophisticated a. 老于世故的,老练的； a sophisticated woman一个世故的女人 Mr. Smith is a sophisticated world traveler.史密斯先生是一位老练的环球旅行家。 She has become very sophisticated since she went to live in London.移居伦敦后她变得世故多了。 复杂的，高深的；高雅的, 有教养的a sophisticated discussion高深的讨论sophisticated tastes高雅的情趣wearing sophisticated clothes穿着高雅的衣服 精密的, 尖端的,复杂巧妙的,先进的 This is a very sophisticated machine.这是一台非常精密的机器。Sophisticated modern weapons 尖端的现代武器241. splendid a. 极好的（very fine,excellent)；壮丽的,辉煌的（magnificent,displaying splendour) 壮丽的; 辉煌的 He got a splendid present for her.他送她一件极好的礼物。 His reputation as a tutor is splendid.作为家教, 他的名声极好。 It was splendid of you to make the offer.你提的这个建议太好了。 Its splendid that you are here.你在这儿太好了。 The splendid hall dazzled the young man.富丽堂皇的大厅使那年轻人眼花缭乱。242. cancel vt. 取消,废除；删除，删去 We cancelled our appointment.我们取消了约会。 He cancelled his order for the goods.他取消了货物订单。 He cancelled many unnecessary words in his manuscript.他把原稿上许多多余的词删掉。243. variable a. 变化的, 可变的, 易变的（changeable) The variable weather is a great trial to me.这种多变的天气真是让我受不了。 The speed of the windscreen wipers is variable.汽车挡风玻璃上雨刷的速度是可变的。 Our teams performance this year has been variable.我们队今年成绩很不稳定。 His mood/temper is variable他的心情/脾气变化无常244. prospect n. 前景,前途，期望，希望；景象, 景色 The prospect is cheerful.前途乐观; 前景美好。 We have good prospects.我们有美好的前途。 I see no prospect of his recovery.我看不出他有痊愈的可能性（希望）。 From the top of the hill theres a magnificent prospect over the valley.从山顶俯视, 山谷间的壮丽景色一览无余。245. prosperity n.幸运，富足，昌盛，顺利；兴旺,繁荣 I wish you a life of happiness and prosperity.我祝你生活幸福、万事如意。 The new agreement raised hopes for conditions of prosperity and harmony.新的协议唤起了人们对繁荣与和谐的前景的期望。 prosper v.成功，兴隆，昌盛 The business is prospering.生意很兴隆246. aspect n. 方面；外表，面貌；朝向 Look at every aspect of the problem观察问题的各个方面。 the aspect of the whole area全地区的面貌 consider other aspects of the matter考虑事情的其它方面 from legal aspect从法律的观点 The building has a southern aspect.那座建筑是朝南的。247. cope vi. (with)（成功地）应付,处理 cope with problems/difficulties解决问题，克服困难 He had a lot of work, but he was able to cope.他的活虽多, 但还能应付得来。248. core n.果核，果心；核心，最重要的部分 An apple core is the part of an apple left after the flesh has been eaten.苹果核是在苹果肉吃完后剩下的部分。 The earth has a core.地球有地核 The core of our appeal is freedom of speech.我们呼吁的中心是要言论自由。 Lets get to the core of the argument.让我们接触争论的实质吧 249. maintain vt. 维持,保持；坚持,主张 The two countries have maintained friendly relations for many years.两国多年来一直保持着友好的关系。 Food is necessary to maintain life.食物是维持生命所必需的。 He maintained the policy to be wrong.他坚持认为这个政策是错误的。He maintained that the policy was wrong. 供给，赡养，供养；扶养，负担 He has to maintain his wife and two children.他必须养活妻子和两个孩子。250. mainland n. 大陆 Ferry services operate between the islands and the mainland.在大陆和各岛之间有轮渡服务。 hey have relatives on the mainland.他们在大陆有亲戚。 continent n.洲, 大陆 Africa is a continent, but Greenland is not.非洲是大陆, 而格陵兰不是。251. discipline n. 纪律；（意志和品格的）训练（training）；惩罚（punishment）；学科 labo(u)r discipline劳动纪律military discipline军纪be strict in discipline纪律严明 The children are happy at school,but they lack discipline.学生们在学校很快活，但是缺乏纪律 Strict discipline is imposed on army recruits.对新兵进行严格的训练 The teachers cruel discipline老师残酷的惩罚 That child needs discipline.必须对这个孩子加以惩罚。 Mathematics and physics are related disciplines.数学和物理是相关学科。 Scientific disciplines科学学科 动词（训练，训导某人服从、有自控力、有技能）；惩罚 Parents have to discipline their children.父母要管教孩子 You must discipline yourself to finish your work on time.你必须约束自己按时完成工作 The boy was often disciplined for staying away from school.那孩子常因为逃学而受到处罚。252. domestic a. 本国的,国内的；家用的；家庭的 This is domestic news.这是国内新闻。 She does the domestic affairs every day.她每天都忙家务。 domestic and foreign news国内外新闻 internal affairs国内事务home affairs253. constant a. 始终如一的, 恒久不变的；不断的, 连续发生的 n. 常数 In our world nothing seems constant.在我们这个世界上似乎没有东西是永恒不变的。 In history, change is constant.在历史上, 变化是不断的。Constant complaints/chattering/interruptions不断的抱怨/叨叨/打扰 An absolute constant is fixed and can not be changed.绝对常数是固定而不可以改变的254. cliff n. 悬崖,峭壁 255. authorize vt.授权, 批准; 委托 The government authorized an irrigation project.政府批准了一项灌溉工程。 We are authorized to receive contributions for the Red Cross.我们受托接受给红十字会的捐助 authority n. 权力, 职权abuse ones authority滥用职权He has the authority for handling this matter.他有权力处理这件事。 官方, 当局The local authorities decided to build a suspension bridge over the river.该地区政府决定在这条河上建一座吊桥。 权威,具有专业知识的人A good dictionary is an authority on the meanings of words.一本好词典是词义的权威。Hes an authority on phonetics他是位语音学的权威256. audio a. 听觉的, 声音的，音频的 visual视觉的, 看得见的 The film is a visual art.电影是一种视觉艺术。 His designs have a strong visual appeal.他的设计在视觉上很有感染力。257. attitude n. 态度 They maintained an uncertain attitude.他们保持一种暧昧的态度。 Whats your attitude totowards this idea?你对这种意见看法如何? positive 积极态度negative消极态度 姿势，姿态258. community n. 社区, 社会, 团体（英文解释：people living in one place,district or country,considered a whole) He refuses to join any community.他不参加任何团体。 259. commit vt.犯（错误,罪行等）,干（坏事等） He has committed a serious fault.他犯了严重错误。 commit an error做错事commit a crime犯罪commit suicide自杀 sb/sth to sth把托付给；托，委托；委任 (英文解释：give or transfer sb/sth to a state or place for safe keeping/treatment,etc.) The boy was committed to the care of his aunt.这个孩子被交给他的姑妈照顾。 Commit a list to memory记住名单（memorize the list) Commit this to paper把这个记下来（write them down） 保证、承诺（做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等） I am already committed我另有约定 Ive committed myself to read English every day commitment 承诺, 许诺, 保证He made a commitment to pay the rent on time.他保证按时付房租260. comment n./vt. 评论, 意见, 解释, 批评 Comment is needless.解释是不必要的。 No comment无可奉告 They watched and commented.他们边看边议论。 The discovery is hardly commented by the press.新闻界