高中英语倒装句式.doc

倒装句式：倒装有两种：一种是语法倒装，一种是修辞倒装 语法倒装是出于语法上的需要，如果不用倒装就会出现错误，具有强制性； 修辞倒装是出于表达某种修辞效果：（如强调，平衡，衔接，描绘）1 语法倒装1. 疑问句倒装（一般疑问句，特殊疑问句）2. There/here句型机构中的倒装 以引导词there/here引起的陈述句，系动词或实义动词置于主语之前，但主语为代词时不能倒装。There is no room left for even one more of you,not to mention ten boys.There goes the bell announcing the end of the class.There came an old man, with a walking stick.Here comes the bus.Here you are.3. so,neither, nor 表示“也（不）”时的倒装So,neither 和 nor作“也（不）”时讲，表示前面所陈述的事实也适合于另一主语，或一个主语也具备另一种情况，这类句子也用倒装语序。He has made up his mind to continue with his studies, and so have I.He doesnt like living in the city, neither/nor does his wife.He doesnt have a computer, nor/ neither an e-mail.I dont know his name, nor do I want to.注意：so表示对上文说的话表示赞同，附和是要用正常语序。It is hot today.-So it is 是啊。4.省略虚拟条件中的if引起的倒装。在含有were, had, should等的虚拟条件句中，省略if时，常倒装。Were I in is position, I wouldnt do it that way.Had you been more careful, such spelling mistakes might have been avoided.Should it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the sports meeting.5. may表示祝愿时常置于主语前。 May all of you succeed in the coming examinations! May the friendship between the peoples of our two countries develop! May you have a pleasant journey to Europe!2 修辞倒装1. 强调句子成分的倒装。 1.）否定词位于句首，句子用倒装。含有否定或半否定意义的词或词语not, little, hardly, never, at no time, by no means, under no condition, in no case, nowhere, seldom, few等置于句首时，句子常用部分倒装。Not a single book have I read this week.本周我一本书也没读。Little did he realize that we were watching his every move,so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.他没有意识到我们在观察他的一举一动，所以他好像在以自己的方式行事。Never have I seen such a splendid building.我从来没见过这么宏伟的建筑。By no means will this method be satisfactory.无论如何这种方法都不会令人满意。In no case have I noticed that phenomenon.我根本没注意到那个现象。Seldom had I seen such a big snake before I came to this island.-How was the televised debate last night?-Super! Rarely did a debate attract so much media attention.*Not all the people can do things perfectly.Not until句式中的倒装Not until 位于句首时，句子用部分倒装；not until引导状语从句位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。Not until I came last night did Mum go to bed.Not until the motorbike looked almost new did he stop repairing and cleaning.No sooner.than等句式中的倒装Not.until, no sooner.than, hardly.when, not only.but also.等句式中的no sooner, hardly, no only位于句首时，第一部分用部分倒装。-Did Linda see the traffic accident?-No, no sooner had she gone than it happened. 没有，他一走就发生了。Hardly had I picked up the phone when he hung up.Not only did the prices increase, but their wages were raised as well.Only修饰状语置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。Only by working hard can we succeed.Only in this way can we solve the problem on time.Only when I left my parents for Italy did I realize how much I loved them.Only by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies.How引起的感叹句，若主语较长是，句子要用部分倒装。How beautiful are hills with clouds against them!How handsome is he with a pair of tsunglasses.So/such.that.结构中的so.位于句首时，主句一般用部分倒装。Such.位于句首是有时也用部分倒装。So small was the mark that I could hardly see it.So quickly did the workmen finish their work that they were given extra money.So clever is he that he can work out all the difficult problems in the book.Such was Albert Einstein, a simple but great scientist.方式状语频度状语等提到句首时，常用部分倒装。Many a time has he offered me good advice on how to make use of the Internet.Long did we wait before we heard form him.Often have I warned him not to go swimming alone.这种倒装也可用于定语从句The hens lay eggs, out of which come other chickens.The bus was already crowded,in the front of which were sitting quite a few children.3. 描绘意义的倒装表示方向，地点，时间等副词位于句首时，句子全部倒装。常见这样的副词有：in, out, down, up, off, back, away, over there, there, now, then, first等Then out rushed a pack of dogs.In came a girl, wearing a white skirt with two long pigtails.Down come all of you.Now comes your turn.There goes the bell for break.表示地点，时间的介词短语放在句首，主语较长又无宾语时，要倒装。Through the window came out the sweet music.After the head walked a group of workers.平衡功能的倒装有时为了保持句子的结构平衡而调整主语和谓语的位置形成倒装，特别是当主语带有较长的修饰语是，更需要倒装Ahead sat the old man who told us the stories about the Long March.Many and long were the conversations they held through the prison way.But terrible is still the thought that it appeared behind the b