英汉银行用语.doc

1. 银行用语account number 帐目编号2. depositor 存户 3. pay-in slip 存款单4. a deposit form 存款单5. a banding machine 自动存取机 6. to deposit 存款 7. deposit receipt 存款收据8. private deposits 私人存款9. certificate of deposit 存单 10. deposit book, passbook 存折11. credit card 信用卡12. principal 本金13. overdraft, overdraw 透支14. to counter sign 双签 15. to endorse 背书 16. endorser 背书人 17. to cash 兑现18. to honor a cheque 兑付19. to dishonor a cheque 拒付20. to suspend payment 止付21. cheque,check 支票 22. cheque book 支票本23. order cheque 记名支票24. bearer cheque 不记名支票25. crossed cheque 横线支票 26. blank cheque 空白支票 27. rubber cheque 空头支票 28. cheque stub, counterfoil 票根29. cash cheque 现金支票30. travelers cheque 旅行支票 31. cheque for transfer 转帐支票32. outstanding cheque 未付支票33. canceled cheque 已付支票34. forged cheque 伪支票35. Bandars note 庄票，银票 36. banker 银行家 37. president 行长 38. savings bank 储蓄银行39. Chase Bank 大通银行40. National City Bank of New York 花旗银行41. Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation 汇丰银行42. Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China 麦加利银行 43. Banque de IIndoChine 东方汇理银行 44. central bank, national bank, bankers bank 中央银行45. bank of issue, bank of circulation 发行币银行46. commercial bank 商业银行，储蓄信贷银行 47. member bank, credit bank 储蓄信贷银行 48. discount bank 贴现银行 49. exchange bank 汇兑银行 50. requesting bank 委托开证银行 51. ssuing bank, opening bank 开证银行52. advising bank, notifying bank 通知银行53. negotiation bank 议付银行 54. confirming bank 保兑银行 55. paying bank 付款银行56. associate banker of collection 代收银行57. consigned banker of collection 委托银行58. clearing bank 清算银行59. local bank 本地银行60. domestic bank 国内银行61. overseas bank 国外银行 62. unincorporated bank 钱庄 63. branch bank 银行分行64. trustee savings bank 信托储蓄银行65. trust company 信托公司66. financial trust 金融信托公司 67. unit trust 信托投资公司68. trust institution 银行的信托部69. credit department 银行的信用部70. commercial credit company(discount company) 商业信贷公司（贴现公司）71. neighborhood savings bank, bank of deposit 街道储蓄所 72. credit union 合作银行73. credit bureau 商业兴信所 74. self-service bank 无人银行75. land bank 土地银行 76. construction bank 建设银行 77. industrial and commercial bank 工商银行78. bank of communications 交通银行79. mutual savings bank 互助储蓄银行80. post office savings bank 邮局储蓄银行81. mortgage bank, building society 抵押银行82. industrial bank 实业银行83. home loan bank 家宅贷款银行 84. reserve bank 准备银行85. chartered bank 特许银行 86. corresponding bank 往来银行 87. merchant bank, accepting bank 承兑银行 88. investment bank 投资银行89. import and export bank (EXIMBANK) 进出口银行90. joint venture bank 合资银行 91. money shop, native bank 钱庄92. credit cooperatives 信用社 93. clearing house 票据交换所 94. public accounting 公共会计95. business accounting 商业会计96. cost accounting 成本会计 97. depreciation accounting 折旧会计98. computerized accounting 电脑化会计 99. general ledger 总帐 100. subsidiary ledger 分户帐101. cash book 现金出纳帐102. cash account 现金帐 103. journal, day-book 日记帐，流水帐 104. bad debts 坏帐105. investment 投资106. surplus 结余107. idle capital 游资 108. economic cycle 经济周期 109. economic boom 经济繁荣 110. economic recession 经济衰退111. economic depression 经济萧条112. economic crisis 经济危机 113. economic recovery 经济复苏 114. inflation 通货膨胀115. deflation 通货收缩116. devaluation 货币贬值117. revaluation 货币增值118. international balance of payment 国际收支119. favourable balance 顺差120. adverse balance 逆差121. hard currency 硬通货122. soft currency 软通货123. international monetary system 国际货币制度124. the purchasing power of money 货币购买力125. money in circulation 货币流通量126. note issue 纸币发行量 127. national budget 国家预算128. national gross product 国民生产总值129. public bond 公债 130. stock, share 股票 131. debenture 债券 132. treasury bill 国库券133. debt chain 债务链 134. direct exchange 直接（对角）套汇135. indirect exchange 间接（三角）套汇136. cross rate, arbitrage rate 套汇汇率137. foreign currency (exchange) reserve 外汇储备 138. foreign exchange fluctuation 外汇波动 139. foreign exchange crisis 外汇危机 140. discount 贴现141. discount rate, bank rate 贴现率 142. gold reserve 黄金储备 143. money (financial) market 金融市场 144. stock exchange 股票交易所145. broker 经纪人 146. commission 佣金147. bookkeeping 簿记 148. bookkeeper 簿记员 149. an application form 申请单150. bank statement 对帐单151. letter of credit 信用证 152. strong room, vault 保险库 153. equitable tax system 等价税则154. specimen signature 签字式样155. banking hours, business hours 营业时间accrual basis权责发生制activity ratio营运比率adversely classified credits不良贷款asset diversification资产多元化asset portfolio资产组合at arms length商业的/公平的back-office support后台支持bad loans呆帐bank portfolio银行资产banking supervision银行监管Basle Core Principles巴塞尔核心原则be pledged as security抵押borrower借款人calendar-based system期限为基础的(准备金制度)CAMEL骆驼评级法carrying value现存价值cash收付实现制collection催收Consumer client个人客户contingent liabilities或有债务Corporate client法人客户credits that are being rolled over展期贷款current liability account流动债务帐户current ratio流动比率debt-for-equity swap债权转股权delinquent loan过失贷款directed credits指定贷款disintermediation脱媒（体外循环）distressed assets有问题资产doubtful asset可疑资产earning收益efficiency ratio效率比率financial leverage财务杠杆；举债经营financial soundness财务稳健性foreclosed assets没收的抵押财产gearing财务杠杆；举债经营general provison普通准备金general reserve普通准备金impaired assests受损害资产interest accrual计息interest coverage利息偿付率interest payments being capitalized利息转本金intra-account内部帐户lending officer信贷人员lending policy贷款证策licensing申请许可证licensing period申请许可证过程write-off冲销write-up(贷款)批评报告loan classification贷款分类loan documentation贷款记录loan grading贷款分级loan origination贷款发放loan restructuring重组贷款loan review贷款检查loan splitting贷款分割loss loan provisioning呆帐准备金non-accrual items不计息项目non-accruals不计息的non-classified未分类的obligator债务人off-balance sheet表外off-site supervision非现场监测on-site inspection现场检查on-site visit现场访问out-of-area loan外地信贷outstanding balance未清偿余额overdue逾期pass, overdue, idle & bad loans (POIB)一逾两呆past due loans逾期贷款pending factor未决因素poorly structured loan结构不合理贷款problem loans有问题贷款Profit and loss损益（表）provision准备金provisioning准备金提取quick ratio速动比率rehabilitationrepayment schedule还款计划restructured loans重组贷款risk-weighted asset风险加权资产ROCA洛卡评级法roll-overs展期security enforcement行使抵押权side agreement附件special mention asset特别提及资产special reserve特殊准备金specific reserve专项准备金substandard assets次级资产suspense account挂帐term loan定期贷款to credit贷记to debit借记trading on equity财务杠杆；举债经营troubled loan有问题贷款turnover ratio周转比率weak loan低质量贷款work out problem核销有问题财税融资金融保险 BANKING AND INSURANCE BUSINESS将原来的高度集中的计划金融管理体制改为实行中央银行体制, 以人民银行为领导，专业银行为主体，保险公司、信托投资公司、农村信用社、城市信用社、证券公司等多种金融机构并存和协作的，多层次、多功能的金融组织体系。 The original highly-concentrated planned banking managing system is transformed into the Central Bank system, that is , establishing a cooperative, multi-levelled and multi-functioned banking organizational system which is bed by the Peoples Bank of China, operated with specialized banks as the main body and supported by insurance companies, trust investment companies, rural credit cooperatives, city credit cooperatives and stock companies.信贷资金运行机制 operational mechanism of credit capitals实贷实存 actual loans and deposits融通资金 allocate funds（银行、商业、消费、国家、民间）信用 (banking, commercial, consuming, state and non-governmental)credits商业票据 commercial bills国家/企业债券 state/enterprises bonds股票 stocks大额定期储蓄存单 large amount deposit receipts全市初步形成了以同业资金拆借市场证券市场和外汇调剂市场为主内容的金融市场体系。 A banking market system majored by call markets, stock markets and foreign exchange regulating markets is primarily formed in the Municipality.积极发挥利率的经济杠杆作用。扩大了计息范围划分了利率种类和档次实行区别利率同时推行浮动利率。 Giving full play to the economic lever function of interest rates. Spheres of interest-reckoning are expanded. differentiated interest rates are carried out b dividing interest rates into various kinds and levels. Floating interest rates are adopted.允许外汇额度和现汇进行市场调节，价格随行就市。 Market regulations of foreign exchange quotas and cash remittances are permitted, and prices are changeable according t changes of the market.统计结算和信息传递 statistics， account-settling and information transferring风险责任 risk responsibility社会保险 social insurance社会保障 social security社会福利 social welfare service失业保险 insurance for the unemployed退休（养老）金 pensions生活待遇 material amenities便民服务 handy service for the public社会救济对象 people eligible for social relief社会福利院 social welfare home财税融资 TAXATION AND FINANCING财政 revenue and public financing财政包干 local governments are responsible for their own finance; fiscal contract responsibility system财税改革 fiscal and tax reform分税制 system whereby tax revenues are shared by central and local authorities利税分流 system whereby state-owned enterprises pay tax plus a percentage of profits累进税率 progressive tax rate税基 tax base税种（营业税、所得税、增值税、消费税、流转税、关税） category of tax(business tax, value added tax VAT,consumption tax, turnover tax, tariff)货币投放 money supply融资（项目贷款、债券股票融资、集资、游资、经常性贷款、贷款利率、赠款、担保人） financing(project financing, financing in the form of bonds and stocks, fund raising, idle funds, commercial lending, lending rate, grants, guarantor)信贷额度 line of credit买方信贷/卖方信贷 buyer credits/supplier credits偿还期限 repayment terms履约保证金 performance guarantee差额垫支担保 provide shortfall payment guarantee优惠贷款 soft loan混合信贷 mixed credits宽限期 grace period回流贷款 recycling loan还本付息 repay principle and pay interest on loans回收快 gain quick return回报率 rate or return (ROR)盈利能力 profitability规模效益 an economy of scale信贷规模管理（存款准备金率、中央银行贷款利率、公开市场业务） control over scale of bank credit (reserve ratio on deposits, central banks lending rates, open market operations)最初设立该机构是为了执行反托拉斯法。制订该项法律的目的在于防止垄断和维护竞争。 The agency was originally established to enforce antitrust laws. These laws are designed to prevent monopoly and maintain competition.建立保险金制度和物品储备制度以便平衡供求关系。 The system of risk-proof fund and material reserve are designed to balance the supply and demand.经过15年的努力，中国已经初步完成了价格改革，截止到1992年底，靠市场调节价格的商品已占93%。 Following 15 years of effort, China has initially completed prices reform. By the end of 1992, commodities subject to market regulation have accounted for 93%.进一步扩大市场机制的积极作用，以抵消物价上涨对人民生活水平带来的消极影响。 to further expand the positive role of market mechanism in order to offset the adverse influences of price hikes on the living standard of the people.采取灵活措施 exercise flexible measures政府颁布详尽措施打击欺骗性价格和暴利，相关的执行细则将于4月1日生效。新规定将起到限制与保护的双重作用。 The government has enacted sweeping moves/measures against gouging price and staggering/exorbitant/excessive profits, and the related detailed implementation rules will go into effect on 1st of April. The new regulations will play a dual role of restriction and protection.价格波动再次警告我们不要对粮食价格掉以轻心。 Price fluctuation once again warned us not to treat the grain price lightly.第一章 香港银行体制简介minimum paid-up share capital 最低实缴股本reciprocity 互惠corresponding bank 代理行liaison office 联络办公室moratorium 延期偿付权legislation 法规innovation 改革underwriting 包销merge 合并portfolio 资产组合unit trust 单位投资信托arbitrage 套汇capital adequacy ratio 资本充足率derivative 金融衍生工具maturity 到期日deregulation 放松管制redemption 兑现certificates of indebtedness 债务证书linked exchange rate 联系汇率accounting arrangements 会计安排resumption of sovereign 收回主权holding company 控股公司privileges 特权第二章 货币、银行与经济legal tender 法币medium of exchange 交换媒介deferred payment 延期支付face value 面值mintage 铸币homogeneity 同质权fiat money 不兑换纸币，名义纸币negotiable certificates of deposits 大额转让存单narrowly-defined 狭义定义的broadly-defined 广义定义的required reserve 法定准备金excess reserve 超额准备金monetary base 货币流通基础open market operations 公开市场操作auction 拍卖non-intervention 不干涉主义net balance 净差余额advance 贷款retained earnings 留存收益第三章 香港银行业监管-资本充足率、流动性比率和对银行业务的限制risk-weighted assets 风险加权资产off-balance sheet items 表外业务项目collateral 抵押claims 债权denominate 面值residual maturity 剩余期限mortgage 住房抵押arrears 拖欠尾数default 违约on-balance sheet items 表内业务contingency 意外开支repurchase agreement 回购协议recourse 追索权irrevocable 不可撤消rediscounting 在贴现market risk exposure市场风险position 头寸第四章 国际银行业- 监管与市场发展debt-to-equity ratio 资产负债比率treasure bond 国库券leasing 租赁money laundering 洗钱treasure bill 国库券bankruptcy 破产credit securitization 信用证券化real time gross settlement 实时全额清算off-shore 离岸clearing bank清算行discount house 贴现行privileged position 最优惠头寸building society 建房协会Japanese Big Bang 日本金融改革dual banking system 双轨银行制度wire transfer 电子转帐第五章 金融机构资本市场与货币市场laissez-faire 自由 放任主义negotiable 可流通的installment 分期付款benchmark 基准利率turnover 成交额outstanding 未付的in favour of 以为受益人promissory note 本票unsecured 无担保的prime rate 最优惠利率preference share 优先股ordinary share 普通股warrant 认股权current market value 当期市值option contract 期权合同hedging 套期保值Provident Fund 福利基金第六章 银行清算系统与转帐beneficiary 受益人collecting bank 代收行code 代号，代码，密码uncleared cheque 未清偿支票invoice 发票credit transfer 信用转帐endorsement 背书bearer 持票人defective title 有瑕疵的所有权down payment 首付款travellers cheque 旅行支票bearer bonds 不记名债券crossed cheque划线支票countersign 联署paying bank 付款行transferable 可转让holder in due course 正当持票人holder in value 有代价持票人overdue 过期dishonoured cheque 拒付支票repo repurchase agreement 回购协议第七章 面向个人的银行业务countermand 取消garnishee order 向第三债务人下达的资产扣押令winding-up 停业清理secured loan 担保贷款overdraft 透支real estate mortgage 房地产抵押chattel mortgage 动产抵押in presence of 提示reimbursement 偿还withholding interest tax 预扣税custodian 保管access 准入automatic teller machine 自动取款机personal identity number 密码.个人识别号passbook 存折insurance broker 保险经纪人hire purchase 租购第八章 面向公司的银行业务working capital loan 周转资金start-up loan 创业贷款syndicated loan 辛迪加贷款project financing 项目融资foreign trade financing 对外贸易融资current assets 流动资产accounts receivable 应收帐款agent bank 代理行drawdown period 支用期grace period 宽限期principle 本金tombstone 证券发行公告factoring facilities 保理业务open credit 无担保贷款factor 保理人lessee 承租人lessor 出租人non-resourse 无追索权financial lease 金融租赁operating lease 经营租赁full payout lease 支付租赁true lease 真实租赁conditional lease 条件租赁leverage lease 杠杆租赁electronic date interchange services 电子数据交换服务第九章 私人银行业务和商人银行业务retail bank 商业零售银行private bank 私人银行merchant bank 商人银行risk preference 风险偏好risk taking investor 甘冒风险的投资者risk aversion investor 逃避风险的投资者macroeconomic oriented 以宏观经济为导向的equities origination 股票发行venture capital financing 风险资本融资the spread 价差interest rate swap 利率互换leverage buyout 杠杆收购junk bond 垃圾债券red chips 红筹股h shares H股trustee 受托人第十章 银行在国际贸易中充当的角色collection 托收production combination 生产联合production cost 生产成本comparative advantage 相对优势middle agent 中间代理eliminate exchange risk 消除外汇风险shipping insurance 海险guarantee 担保performance bond 履约保证import credit 进口信贷第十二章 国际货币交易dividends 分红money transfer 转帐bank draft 银行汇票mail transfer 信汇telegraphic transfer 电汇test key测试密钥telex 电报Society for World Inter-bank Financial Telecommunications环球银行间金融电讯协会standardized format 标准格式clearing house 结算所computer code 电脑代码additional cost 附加成本第十三章 外汇foreign exchange rate 外汇汇率swing 浮动spot rate 现汇汇率market rate 市场汇率cross rate 交叉汇率forward exchange contract 远期外汇合同currency future contract 货币期货合同quotation 报价单rolling forex 展期外汇option on foreign exchange 外汇期权strike price 执行价格expiry date 到期日call option 多头期头put option 空头期权foreign exchange hedge 外汇套期保值foreign exchange swap 外汇掉期superannuation 养老基金pension funds 退休基金brokerage fee 经纪人佣金optimum profit 最高收益第十四章 发放信贷的基本考虑canon 标准illegal activities 非法 行为speculative purpose 投机目的repayment schedule 还款安排balance sheet 资产负债表income statement 利润表long-term loan 长期贷款country-risk 国别风险quantitative yardstick 定量的评判标准credit risk 信用风险risk assessment 风险评估margin 保证金legal authority 法定权力memorandum and articles of association 公司章程cushion of assets 资产缓冲safe title 所有权credit reference agency 信用查询机构credit standing 信用状况第十五章 放款类型consumer loan 消费信贷bonus 奖金gratuity 退休金track record 工作履历minors account 未成年人帐户sole proprietors 独资企业private limited company 私人有限公司public limited company 公共有限公司inter-bank lending /borrowing 同业拆借the inter-bank money market 同业拆借市场local currency 本国货币marginal cost 边际成本inter-bank rate 同业拆借利率contingency payout 意外支出natural disaster 自然灾害legal status 法定地位第十一章 外贸融资documentary credit 跟单信用证documentary co