污水零排放技术FET-WWTO-AM.ppt

FETINDUSTRIALWATEWATEROPERATORTRAININGMETALFINISHING METALMOLDINGANDCASTING SESSION1 OCTOBER4 2006RobertPeschel P E 414 643 4150 Sigma rpeschel SESSION1 IntroductionofCourse ParticipantsCourseOutlineText TreatmentofMetalWastestreamsNeedforTreatment Chapter1 RegulatoryOverviewOpportunitiesSourcesofWastewater Chapter2 MaterialSafetyDataSheets MSDS Chapter3 EmployeeRight To Know Chapter4 ArithmeticProblems AppendixIII MethodsofTreatment Chapter5 BatchandContinuousProcesses 5 0 Neutralization 5 1 CommonMetalsRemoval 5 2 ComplexMetalsRemoval 5 3 ReductionHexChrome 5 4 CyanideDestruction 5 5 COURSEOUTLINE OCTOBER4Introduction OverviewRobertPeschelRegulatoryOverviewBasicMathBasicsofTreatmentHexavalentChromeReductionCyanideDestructionMetalsRemovalExampleCalculations ProblemsOCTOBER11OilyWasteRemovalScottHartayControlofSolvents ToxicOrganicsSludgeTreatment DisposalSamplingFlowMeasurementsSteveGalewskiLaboratorySupportExampleCalculations ProblemsOCTOBER18Operation MaintenanceTBDEquipment InstrumentationExampleCalculations ProblemsRecoveryTechnologiesKennethKaszubowskiOCTOBER25TourofPretreatmentSystemCourseReviewRickFulk NEEDFORTREATMENT REGULATORYOVERVIEWCleanWaterActObjectiveandGoalsPoliciesStructureImportantSectionsNPDESPretreatmentStormwater OBJECTIVEOFCWA Torestoreandmaintainthechemical physical andbiologicalintegrityofthenation swatersGOALSOFCWAAchievefishableandswimmablewaterby1983 interim Eliminatethedischargeofpollutantsintonavigablewatersby1985 NATIONALPOLICIESOFCWA ProhibitdischargeoftoxicsintoxicamountsProvidefederalassistancetoconstructPOTWsDevelopandimplementarea widewastetreatmentmanagementplantsineachstate 208plans ConductR DnecessarytodevelopzerodischargetechnologyDevelopprogramstocontrolnon pointsourcesofpollutionEncouragetheminimizationofpaperworkandinteragencydecisions STRUCTUREOFACT Title1ResearchandRelatedProgramsTitle2GrantsforPOTWConstructionTitle3StandardsandEnforcementTitle4PermitsandLicensesTitle5GeneralProvisionsTitle6StateRevolvingFunds TITLE1RESEARCHANDRELATEDPROGRAMS Objective goals andpoliciesCoordinationbetweenstateandfederalagenciesDevelopresearchprojectsDevelopdemonstrationprojectsDevelopoperatortrainingprogramsDevelopspecificprograms GLNPO TITLE2CONSTRUCTIONGRANTS FederalgrantprogramAuthorizesfundingDefineseligibleprojectsSetsparticipationrequirementsEstablishesplanningprograms 208 Establishesallotmentformula TITLE3STANDARDSANDENFORCEMENT StandardsandstandardsettingproceduresPollutants priority DeadlinesVariances waiversWaterqualitycriteriaInventoriesofwaterqualityMonitoring recordkeepingEnforcementprogramsSpillsofhazardoussubstances TITLE4PERMITSANDLICENSES NPDESpermitsystemDischargercertification publiccommentDelegationtostatesAnti backslidingStormwaterdischargesOceandischargesDredge filloperationsSludgedisposal management TITLE5GENERALPROVISISONS GrantsauthoritytoEPAtocarryoutlawProvideskeydefinitionsCreatesadvisoryboardsCitizenssuitprovisionEmployeeprotectionforreportingviolationsSupplyofgoods servicestofederalgovernmentPeriodicneedssurveysAmericanIndiantribestreatedlikestatesStateauthorityforNPDES PretreatmentPrograms EFFLUENTLIMITATIONS SourcecategorybasisIndustrialcategoriesTechnologybasedlimitsConventionalandtoxicpollutantsLocallimits EFFLUENTLIMITATIONS Directdischarges NPDESIndirectdischarges toPOTWExistingsources 3years Newsources 90days BPT BCT BAT BADCTConcentrationvs mass STANDARDS BPT BestPracticableControlTechnology Currentlyavailable Subjecttocost benefitanalysis middlegroundbetweenBCTandBAT BCT BestConventionalControlTechnologySubjecttocosteffectivenessstandard Mustbemetwithinthreeyearsofeffectiveguidelinesor3 89 BAT BestAvailableTechnologyEconomicallyAchievable Deemedachievableunlessplantclosurewouldresult Mustbeinstalledwithinthreeyearsofguidelineor3 89 BADCT fornewsources NSPS BestAvailableDemonstrableControlTechnologyNSPS NewSourcePerformanceStandardsPSNS PretreatmentStandardsforNewSourcesPSES PretreatmentStandardsforExistingSources POLLUTANTS ConventionalBOD TSS pHNon conventionalAmmoniaToxicsPrioritypollutants 65 MetalsOrganicspesticides NPDESPERMITS Requiredforanydischargeof Pollutant fromany PointSource intoany WatersoftheU S KeytoenforcingCWAlimitsandstandardsDelegationtoStates e g WPDES AllowsforpublicinvolvementinpermittingprocessCanbemodifiedforreasonAnti backslidingprovisions PRETREATMENTREGULATIONSOBJECTIVES Preventpass throughoftoxicstoreceivingwaterPreventinterferencewithPOTWoperationsPreventcontaminationofsludgesProtecthealthandsafetyofworkers PRETREATMENTPROGRAMFRAMEWORK EPAhasprimeresponsibilityDelegationstostateswithapprovedprogramsPOTWs 5MGDmustestablishformalprogramandhavefirsttimeresponsibilityMMSDChapter11POTWs MGDhavestateorEPAinvolvement PRETREATMENTSTANDARDS GeneralprohibitivestandardsFireorexplosionhazardCorrosive pH 5FlowobstructionSlugloadsHeatToxicgassesorvaporsCategoricalstandardsLocalPOTWlimitsCombinedwastestreamformula 409CFR403 6 e Moststringentstandardapplies PRETREATMENTSTANDARDS GeneralprohibitivestandardsFireorexplosionhazardCorrosive pH 5FlowobstructionSlugloadsHeatToxicgassesorvaporsCategoricalstandardsLocalPOTWlimitsCombinedwastestreamformula 409CFR403 6 e Moststringentstandardapplies MAJORINDUSTRIALWASTEPROGRAM IWP COMPONENTS SeweruseordinancePermittingproceduresCompliancemonitoringEnforcementFundingmechanismBiennialreviewofeffluentlimitations STORMWATERREGULATIONS MostpointsourcesarenotundercontrolthroughNPDESpermitsWaterwayinheavilypopulatedareasarestillbeingdegradedMoststateshaveidentifiedstormwaterasleadingcauseofimpairmentVariousstudieshaveconfirmedproblemsIllicitConnectionstillexistIllegaldumpingstilloccursCongressionalmandates WHAT SINAPERMIT Effective expirationdatesMonitoringandreportingrequirementLocationFrequencyParameterlimitsParametermonitoringNotificationReportingEnforcementSignatoryrequirements MMSDChapter11ProhibitedDischarges Explosiveorfirehazard104FradioactiveStormwater coolingwater groundwater unpollutedOilandGrease O G 300mg lCadmium 1 5mg lCopper 6 0mg lLead 2 0mg lNickel 4 0mg lSilver 5 8mg lZinc 8 0mg lCyanide 5 0mg l SOURCESOFWASTEWATER PartscleaningPartsrinsingProcessbathsFloorwashProcesssystemcleaning washingVibratorycleanContactcoolingPerformancetestingLeakageAirPollutionControlBlowdownBackwash SOURCESOFWASTEWATER 40CFR433MetalFinishing BigSix ElectroplatingElectrolessplatingAnodizingCoating chromating phosphating metalcoloring passaviting EtchingandchemicalmillingPrintedcircuitboardmanufacturing SOURCESOFWASTEWATER 40CFR464 MetalMoldingandCastingSubcategoriesforaluminum zinc ferrousProcessesQuenchingCleaningManufacturingsystemleakageHeattreatingContactcoolingMassbaseddischargelimits SOURCESOFWASTEWATER ISSUESOFCONCERNSegregatingwastestreams i e cyanide hexchromeBypasstreatmentBatchdumpEqualizationProductionscheduleSpecialconditions SOURCESOFWATERWATERMANAGEMENTTOOLS ProcessschematicFlowsandloadsDumpscheduleQualitydriven productionissuesPretreatmentatsourceMaintenanceImprovements MaterialSafetyDataSheets MSDS ExplanationofformTable1intextSectionISectionII HazardousIngredients IdentifyInformationHazardouscomponentsTLVPELSectionIII Physical ChemicalCharacteristicsBoilingpointVaporpressureVapordensitySpecificgravityMeltingpointEvaporationrateSolubilityinwaterAppearanceandodor MSDS SectionV ReactivityDataStability incompatibility hazardousdecomposition hazardouspolymerizationSectionVI HealthHazardDataRoutesofEntry acuteandchronic carcinogenicity signsandsymptomsofexposure medicalconditionsgenerallyaggravated emergencyandfirstaidSectionVII Precautionsforsafehandlingorstorage otherSectionVIII ControlMeasuresRespiratory ventilation protectivegloves eyeprotection otherPPE work hygienepractices MSDSUSEFULINFORMATION KnowledgeandunderstandriskEmergenciesEnvironmentalreportingDiagnosingasituation EMPLOYEERIGHT TO KNOW OSHAHazComStandard 29CFR1910 1200NeedNotificationTrainingAccesstorecordsExposureandmedicalrecordsLimitationsRefusaltoworkLiabilityNotice ARITHMETICPROBELMS AppendixIIIStepsinproblemsolvingConversionfactorsVolumePercentremovalorefficiencyLoadingExampleproblems STEPSINPROBLEMSOLVING Step1Whatdoestheproblemtellyou A Readtheproblemtwice underliningthekeywordsanddataB DrawapictureofthesituationC LabelthepicturewiththegiveninformationStep2Whatdoestheproblemask A Determinefromtheproblemandpicturetheunknownyouaretryingtofind B SelecttheformulawhichsolvesfortheunknownStep3Determinethesolution Worktheproblem A WritedownselectedformulaB PlugininformationfromproblemandpictureC CheckunitsofconversionsD ComputethesolutionE Checkyourresults CONVERSIONFACTORS Arelationshipbywhichyoucanexpressaquantityindifferentunits Length 1foot 12inchesArea A 1sq yd 9sq ft Volume V 1cu ft 7 48galWeight 1gal 8 34lbsofwaterVelocity 1ft secFlow Q AxVgpmormgdormlpersecond 1cu ft sec 7 48gal sec 449gal minMetric liters grams vs English gallons pounds VOLUME Volume AreaxDepth or AreaXHeight RectangularSolidsVolume LxWxHTank4 x2 x2 16cuft 16cu ft x7 48gal cu ft 120galCylindersVolume AxHTank30ft dia 10fthigh xr2xH3 14x15x15x10 7065cu ft 52 846gal PROBLEM Whatisthedetentiontimeinaclarifierthathasadiameterof40feet adepthoffluidof12feet andaflowrateof1 3MGD PERCENT REMOVALOREFFICIENCY Definition Theportionofpollutantsremovedinaprocess unit expressedasapercentageofwhatgoesintotheprocess unit Removal In Out In X100Removed In OutImportanceCalculationsoftreatmentunitofplantefficiencyused SAMPLEPROBLEM Atankhasaninfluentsuspendedsolids SS concentrationof100mg LandaneffluentSSconcentrationof60mg L Whatisthepercent reductioninsuspendedsolidsinthetank SAMPLEPROBLEMBREAKDOWN removal In Out InX100 removal 100 60 100X100 removal 40 LOADING DefinitionLoadingistheamountofpollutantthatatreatmentunitorplantreceives Itisnormallyexpressedaspoundsperday lb day Load lb day Concentration mg LorPPM xFlow MGD x8 34Theloadingformulaistheonlyformulathatthetermsmultipliedtogetherdon tcancel Butaslongastheconcentrationismg LismultipliedbytheflowinMDGandisthenmultipliedby8 34 theanswerwillbelbs day Mg LismilligramsperliterPPMispartspermillionMG