裕兴新概念第一册笔记(129-130).doc

Lesson 129 Seventy miles an hour 时速70英里New Words and expressions 生词和短语 wave v. 招手(wave to sth朝某人招手)track n. 跑道mile n. 英里 speed limit 限速overtake (overtook, overtaken) v. 从后面超越,超车dream v. 做梦,思想不集中sign n. 标记, 牌子 driving licence 驾驶执照driving licence 驾驶执照charge v. 罚款darling n. 亲爱的（用作表示称呼） wave 1.v. 招手，挥手eg. She waved at me. 她向我挥手。I waved a good bye. 我挥手道别。We waved a greeting to the teacher. 我们挥手向老师问好。He waved me across the street. 他挥手示意我穿过街道。2. n. 挥动，挥手的示意eg.She gave me a wave. She gave a wave to me.她对我挥手。3. n. (毛发的)卷曲eg. She has lovely waves in her hair. 她的头发烫得很漂亮。4. n. 波，波浪eg. The waves are high today. 今天波大浪高track1) n. 跑道motor-racing track 汽车赛车跑道track events 竞赛项目track and field 田径赛2) n. 铁轨、轨道a single track 单轨 a double track双轨run off the track/jump the track 出轨mile n. 英里eg.This car can go as fast as 80 miles per hour. 这辆车时速能达到80英里。The nearest town is five miles away. 最近的城镇距离这里5英里。overtake (overtook, overtaken)1. v. 从后面超越，超车overtake a car 超车learn from the advanced and overtake them. 学先进超先进2.v. 突然袭击Be overtaken by storm 遭受暴风雨袭击speed limit n. 限速speed 1. n. 速度，速率run at full speed 以全速跑at a speed of forty miles an hour 以时速40英里2.v. 急行，疾驰，促进eg. This medicine will speed your recovery. 吃这种药你就会康复得快一些speed up 加快速度，增加的速度eg. The train gradually speeded up. 火车逐渐加快速度。dream1). v. 做梦，梦见eg. I didnt dream last night. 我昨晚没有做梦。He sometimes dreams of home. 他有时梦见自己的故乡。2). v. 梦想，幻想，想象dream of doing sth 梦想做某事eg. I often dreamed of becoming a pilot. 我时常梦想成为一名飞行员。dream a dream 做的梦dream a dreadful dream 做一个恶梦3). n. 梦eg.I had a strange dream last night. 昨晚我做了一个怪梦。I saw her in a dream. 我在梦中遇见她。Sweet dreams!祝你有个好梦，晚安！awake from a dream 从梦中醒来4).n. 梦想，假想，理想eg. She realized her dream of becoming an actress. 她实现了当演员的梦想.dreamer n. 做梦的人，梦想家dreamland n. 梦境，梦乡dreamless adj. 安详的，不做梦的dreamlike adj. 梦一般的，非现实的，朦胧的sign 1) n. 招牌，告示，标志，标记the sign of a barbers shop 理发店的标志a traffic sign 交通标志eg.Cant you read that“No smoking”sign? 你看不懂那“禁止吸烟”的标志吗？2) n. 姿态，手势，信号talk by signs 用手势交谈eg. The teacher made a sign to us to be quiet. 老师做了一个手势叫我们安静。sigh language (聋哑人的)手势语3) n. 迹象，征兆，前兆eg. There were no signs of life on the island. 那个岛上没有生物存在的迹象。A red sky at sunset is a sign of good weather.日落时的晚霞是好天气的前兆as sign of 做为的象征a sign of the times 时代的典型4) v. 签署，签名eg. He signed the check. 他签发了支票。Please sign here. 请在此签名。driving licence n. 驾驶执照drivers licence 驾驶执照issue a licence发出驾驶执照lose ones licence遗失驾驶执照obtain ones licence获得驾驶执照charge 1) v. 罚款charge sb +money 罚某人.2) v. 要价eg.How much do you charge for a room with a bath?一间带浴室的房间多少钱？Theyll charge at least600 for moving the piano. 搬运这钢琴他们至少要六百美元。charge sb+money for sth 向索取费用eg.They charged me five dollars for a cup of coffee. 他们一杯咖啡向我要5美元。Do you charge for delivery? 你们送货要收费吗？3) n. 费用，价钱eg.There is a 10 percent service charge. 服务费要附加10%.free of charge 免费地eg.You get service free of charge. 你可以得到免费的服务eg.There is no charge for admission. 入场不收费。4) n. 管理in charge of 管理eg.She is in charge of our class. 她担任我们班的班主任。in the charge of a person/in a persons charge 由.照料（管理）darling1) n. 用作表示称呼my darling 亲爱的（夫妇，情人，父母子女之间所用的称呼）eg. Mary is her fathers darling. 玛丽是她父亲的心肝宝贝。2）adj. 心爱的，喜爱的ones darling daughter 某人心爱的女儿（千金小姐）TEXT 课文Listen to the tape then answer this question. 听录音，然后回答问题。What does Ann advise her husband to do next time? She told her husband to drive slowly.安建议她的丈夫下次做什么？ 她告诉她的丈夫开车慢点. (注意：每个人是怎样对过去发生的事情进行推测的)ANN: Look, Gary! That policemans waving to you. He wants you to stop.安： 瞧，加里！那个警察正朝你挥手呢。他要你停下来。POLICEMAN: Where do you think you are? On a race track? You must have been driving at seventy miles an hour.警察： 你认为你现在是在哪儿？在赛车道上吗？你刚才一定是以每小时70英里的速度开车。GARY: I cant have been. 加里：我不会开得那么快的。POLICEMAN: I was doing eighty when I overtook you. 警察：我是以每小时80英里的速度赶上你的。 POLICEMAN: Didnt you see the speed limit? 警察：难道你没看见限速牌吗？GARY: Im afraid I didnt, officer. I must have been dreaming. 加里： 恐怕我没有看见，警官。我一定思想开小差了。ANN: He wasnt dreaming, officer.安： 警官，他思想没有开小差。我刚才正告诉他开慢点。GARY: Thats why I didnt see the sign. 安里： 所以我才没看见那牌子。POLICEMAN: Let me see your driving licence. 警察：让我看一看你的驾驶执照。POLICEMAN: I wont charge you this time. But youd better not do it again! 警察：这次我就不罚你款了。但你最好不要再开得这样快。GARY: Thank you. Ill certainly be more careful.加里： 谢谢您。我以后一定会多加注意。ANN: I told you to drive slowly, Gary. 安： 加里，我刚才叫你开慢点吧GARY: You always tell me to drive slowly, darling.加里： 你总是叫我开慢点，亲爱的。ANN: Well, next time youd better take my advice!安： 好啦，下次你最好还是听从我的劝告！课文讲解：A: Look, Gary! That policemans waving to you. He wants you to stop. 瞧，加里！那个警察正朝你挥手呢。他要你停下来。Look! 瞧！（用来引起别人的注意）eg. Look, you are crying again. 瞧，你又哭了。Look, I was only trying to help. 瞧，我不过是想帮个忙。wave to you 向你招手shout to sb 向着某人的方向大声呼叫point to sb 指向某人speak to sb 与某人说话talk to sb 与某人谈话say hello to sb 向某人问好向某人打招呼want sb to do sth （想）要某人做某事eg. He wants me to help him. 他想让我去帮助他They want me to stay away.他们叫我躲开别靠近Dont you want me to go on? 你不想要我继续下去吗？tell sb to do sth 叫某人做某事ask sb to do sth 请求某人做某事order sb to do sth 命令某人去做某事wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事teach sb to do sth 教某人做某事B: Where do you think you are? On a race track? You must have been driving at seventy miles an hour.你认为你现在是在哪儿？在赛车道上吗？你刚才一定是以每小时70英里的速度开车。Where是you are的表语eg.Where are you ? 你在哪儿？you are 是动词think的宾语从句。该句的话序是，从句表语（where）+主句谓语（think）+从句主语（you）+从句谓语（系动词are）主从句成份互相交织，因此被称为“链锁式疑问句”。eg.What do you think you can do now? 你认为你现在应做什么？Who do you think he is? 你认为他是谁？How much do you guess I spent today? 你猜我今天花了多少钱？on a race track?= Do you think you are on a race track?You must have been driving.must 一定是（表示猜测）其基句型结构有：1）must + 动词原形eg.You must be sick. 你一定是病了。2）must +be+ v-ing eg.They must be drinking now. 他们一定在喝酒。3）must +have +过去分词 表示过去动作的猜测eg.You must have drunk last night. 昨晚你一定喝酒了。4）must + have been+ v-ing 表示对过去某一时刻，某一时间内的动作的猜测，或过去一直到现在的一段时间内动作的猜测。eg.You must have been drinking when I called you last night. (过去的某一时刻)昨晚我打电话给你时你一定是在喝酒。You must have been watcher TV yesterday afternoon. (过去的某一时刻)昨晚下午你一定是在喝酒。You must have been preparing for the meeting in the last two weeks.(过去一直到现在的一段时间)过去的两周内你们一定是在为这次会议做准备at seventy miles an hour 以每小时70英里的速度表示速度用at.at the speed of seventy miles an hour. 以每小时70英里的速度at 1000 miles a second 以每秒1000英里的速度at 100 meters a minute 以每分钟100米的速度a(an) = per 每at 200 kilometers per hour 以每小时200公里的速度C: I cant have been. 我不会开得那么快的。cant (must表猜测时的否定形式)不可能eg. He cant be in London. I saw him here only this morning. 他不可能在伦敦，我今儿早还在这见到他的。You cant be at home. I can hear the noise of the train.你不可能在家，我都能听见火车的声音。They cant have finished their job yesterday. 他们不可能昨天把活儿干完。You cant have been staying alone. 你不可能是一直一个人呆着。B: I was doing eighty when I overtook you. 我是以每小时80英里的速度赶上你的。I was doing eighty.=I was driving at eighty miles an hour.when I overtook you. 当我超过你的时候。overtake 超过catch up with 追上，赶上keep up with 跟上(保持一致)B: Didnt you see the speed limit? 难道你没看见限速牌吗？C: Im afraid I didnt, officer. I must have been dreaming. 恐怕我没有看见，警官。我一定思想开小差了。Didnt you see the speed limit? 难道你没看见限速牌吗？I didnt =I didnt see the speed limit.作I am afraid that 的宾语。I must have been dreaming. 我当时一定是在做梦。dream n. 梦; v. 做梦 dream a dream 做一个梦 这里引申为“思 想 开小差。”A: He wasnt dreaming, officer. I was telling him to drive slowly. 警官，他思想没有开小差。我刚才正告诉他开慢点。He wasnt dreaming. 他思想没在开小差，即他是认真做事的。was telling 用进行时态加强语气证明“我一直都在告诉他”。tell sb to do sth 告诉（叫）某人做tell him to stop. 叫他停下来。tell him to come closer. 叫他走近点。C: Thats why I didnt see the sign. 所以我才没看见那牌子。why引导名词从句作表语。 Thats why. ”所以“（用于解释原因）eg. Thats why I was late. (这就是我迟到的原因)Thats why I am angry. 这就是我生气的原因。B: Let me see your driving licence. 让我看一看你的驾驶执照。Let sb do sth 让某人做某事Let me have a look. 让我看一下。Let me tell you the reason. 让我告诉你原因吧！driving licence= drivers licence 驾驶证practice licence 营业执照B: I wont charge you this time. But youd better not do it again! 这次我就不罚你款了。但你最好不要再开得这样快。charge you 罚你的款this time 这次that time 那次every time每次每当next time 下次Youd better =you had betterhad better do sth 最好做某事（表建议）eg. Youd better come back early. 你最好早点回来。Youd better not tell him the truth. 你最好别告诉他实情。C: Thank you. Ill certainly be more careful.谢谢您。我以后一定会多加注意。A: I told you to drive slowly, Gary. 加里，我刚才叫你开慢点吧C: You always tell me to drive slowly, darling.你总是叫我开慢点，亲爱的。A: Well, next time youd better take my advice!好啦，下次你最好还是听从我的劝告！take ones advice 接受某人的意见，听从某人的劝告，听某人的话。eg. I always tell you to be careful, but you never take my advice. 我总告诉你要注意，但你从来不听我的话。Question: What does Ann advise her husband to do next time?安建议她的丈夫下次做什么？Answer: She advice her husband to drive slowly next time. 她建议她的丈夫下次开车慢点. 小结：本课是前课的复习课，应重点掌握好以下内容：1. must, cant 表猜测的用法2. 否定疑问句3. had better (not) do sth 单词辨析：wave v. 招手 v. 招手；挥手示意He waved us quiet. 他挥手要我们别出声。wave to sb. 平等的挥手，仅仅表示一个方向wave at sb. 朝某人wave sb. Goodbye挥手告别She waved me goodbye. 她向我挥手告别。 v. 起伏；飘动The flag is waving in the wind. 旗帜正在风中飘扬。She was attracted by the waving sea. 她被那汹涌起伏的大海吸引。 n. 波含有at的词组往往都有不礼貌的成分shout at 朝某人喊point at 指着某人laugh at 嘲笑dream v. 做梦，思想不集中 v. 做梦；梦见He dreamt about his grandmother last night. 他昨天夜里梦见他的祖母了。Do you often dream at night? 你晚上经常做梦吗？ v. 梦想；幻想She dreamed that one day she would be as free as a bird.她幻想着有一天自己能像鸟儿那般自由。I once dreamed of becoming a famous doctor.我曾一度梦想着成为一位著名的医生。 v. 出神；心不在焉；空想Dont dream away your life! 不要在想入非非中虚度你的人生。Sorry, I didnt see the sign. I must have been dreaming.对不起，我没看见那牌子。我一定是思想开小差了。 n. 梦 charge v. 罚款 v. 罚款；使承受经济负担He was charged by the policeman for speeding. 他因开车超速而被警察罚款。 v. 要（价）；收（费）The hotel charged them￥900 for one night.饭店向他们索要900元作为住一晚的费用。 v. 指控；指责They charged him with murder. 他们指控他犯了谋杀罪。课文ANN: Look, Gary! That policemans waving to you. He wants you to stop.POLICEMAN: Where do you think you are? On a race track? You must have been driving at seventy miles an hour.GARY: I cant have been.POLICEMAN:I was doing eighty when I overtook you.Didnt you see the speed limit?GARY: Im afraid I didnt, officer.GARY: I must have been dreaming.ANN: He wasnt dreaming, officer. I was telling him to drive slowly.GARY: Thats why I didnt see the sign.POLICEMAN: Let me see your driving licence.I wont charge you this time. But youd better not do it again!GARY: Thank you. Ill certainly be more careful.ANN: I told you to drive slowly, Gary.GARY: You always tell me to drive slowly, darling.ANN: Well, next time youd better take my advice!课文注释1、Where do you think you are?do you think是用在特殊疑问句中的插入语，用来征询见解或表达看法。插入语一般是对句子加一些附加解释，在句子中作独立成分。常用来作插入语的结构有I hope，I think，Im afrad，you know等。插入语可位于句尾或句中，有时也可出现在疑问句。2、Thats why I didnt see the sign.以why引导的从句用来解释事情的原因。3、Well, next time youd better take my advice!had better用于建议在将来某一具体场合采取的动作，而不用于一般情况，比should语气更为强烈，常有威胁、告诫或催促的意味。4. take ones advice 听从劝告Lesson 130 He cant have been/He must have been. 他过去不可能是/他过去一定是Exercise AExample:eg. He is very tired because he had to get up early this morning. He didnt get up early this morning. He must have been tired.1. He didnt come to work yesterday. He must have been ill.2. He dont think she was Australian. He must have been German. 3. I lost my pen so I had to buy a new one.4. He forgot his case so he had to be return home.5. She didnt hear the phone. She must