“欧洲文化入门”考试复习题及答案.doc

（0174）欧洲文化入门复习思考题I. Choose the most appropriate one for the following blanks. 1. Two major elements in European culture are _. A. the Greek and Roman B. the Judaism and Christianity C. the Greco-Roman D. A and B 2. _ deals with the Trojan War (the Greek states led by Agamemnon in their war against the city of Troy ). A. The Odyssey B. The Iliad C. Prometheus Bound D. Persians 3. The play Prometheus Bound was written by _. A. Aeschylus B. Aristophanes C. Euripides D. Sophocles 4. The best writer of comedy of the ancient Greece was _ , who is Father of Comedy. A. Euripides B. Aristophanes C. Sophocles D. Aeschylus 5. _ was one of the earliest exponents of the atomic theory. A. Home B. Heracleitue C. Democritus D. Socrates 6, _by Plato is a book about the ideal state ruled by a philosopher but barring poets. A. Dialogues B. The Apology C. The Republic D. Symposium 7. Dante called _ “ the master of those who know”. A, Aristotle B. Plato C. Socrates D. Archimedes 8. Euclid is even now well-known for his _. A. Elements B. Poetics C. Ethics D. Politics 9. _ has been a big subject for discussion among writers and artists. A, Discus Thrower B, Venus de Milo C, Laocoon group D, Parthenon 10. Herodotus , Father of History, wrote about the war between _ . A. Athens and Sparta B. Athens and Syracuse C. Athens and Persians D. Greeks and Persians 11. It is _ who was the founder of scientific mathematics. A. Heracleitus B. Aristotle C. Socrates D. Pythagoras 12.Octavius took supreme power as emperor with the title of _ in 27 B. C.A. Rome B. Augustus C. The Roman Empire D. Pax Romana 13. The great epic, The Aeneid, was written by _. A. Lucretius B. Virgil C. Julius Caesar D. Cicero 14. The oldest and most important of the Old Testament of 39 books are the first five books, called _. A. Deuteronomy B. Exodus C. the Pentateuch D. Genesis15. In _ the Jews were carried away into the Babylonian Captivity(巴比伦之囚). A. 169 B. C. B. 586 B. C. C. 536 B. C. D, 721 B.C. 16. The most important and influential of English Bible is _, first published in 1611. A. The Septuagint B. The Vulgate C. Wycliffs version D. Authorized version 17. _ is the oldest extant Greek translation of the Old Testament. A. The Septuagint B. The Vulgate C. Wycliffs version D. Authorized version 18. It is generally accepted that _ and Shakespeare are two great reserviors of Modern English. A. the Bible B. the English Bible C. the New Testament D. the Old Testament 19. The Middle Ages is a period in which _ , _ and Gothic heritages merged. A. Greco-Roman, Christianity B. classical, Christian C. Greek, Roman D. classical, Hebrew 20. The centre of medieval life under feudalism was _. A. knighthood B. the manor C. the Church D. polis 21. In 1054, the Christian Church was divided into _ and the Eastern Orthodox Church. A. Christianity B. the Roman Church C. the Roman Catholic Church D. the Western Catholic 22. _ by Aquinas forms an enormous system and sums up all the knowledge of medieval theology. A. Summa Theologica B. Summa Contra Gentiles C. Opus maius D. Beowulf 23. The Anglo-Saxon epic _ originated from the collective effort of oral literature. A. Song of Roland B. the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles. C. Beowulf D. the Divine Comedy 24. Generally speaking, Renaissance refers to the period between _. A. the 13th and 15th centuries B. the 14th and mid-17th century C. the 15th and 16th centuries D. the 14th and 16th centuries 25. _ is the essence of the Renaissance.A. The revival of interest in ancient Greek and Roman cultureB. Attempts to get rid of conservatismC. The flowering of paintings, sculpture and architectureD. Humanism 26. Fracesco Petrarch, the author of _, is known as Father of Humanism. A. the Decameron B.Canzoniers C. David D. Sleeping Venus 27. After Reformation, _ came into being. A. Christianity B. Calvinism C. Lutheranism D. Protestantism 28. Which was NOT true about Durer? A, The leader of the Renaissance in Germany B, A master of woodcut C, Never being to Italy D, A follower of Martin Luther 29. Father of modern astronomy is _. A. Da Vinci B. Amerigo Vespucci C. Nicolaus Copernicus D. Marchiavelli 30. Vasari was best known for his entertaining biographies of _. A. Fabrica B. Prince C. the Divine Comedy D. Lives of the Artists 31. _s theories have given rise to important developments of modern science, ranging from Freudian psychology to Einsteinian physics. A. Galileo Galilei B. Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz C. Sir Isaac Newton D. Johannes Kepler 32. In the first _ , Locke flatly rejected the theory of divine right of kings. A. the Advancement of Learning B. the New Atlantis C. Essay Concerning human UnderstandingD. Treatise of Civil Government 33. Thomas Hobbess _ is one of the most celebrated political treatises in European literature. A. Leviathan B. the Advancement of Learning C. Essay Concerning human UnderstandingD. Treatise of Civil Government 34. The theme of _ is the fall of men. A. New Method B. Treatise of Civil GovernmentC. Essay Concerning human UnderstandingD. Paradise Lost 35. _ was the best representative dramatist of French classical comedies. A. Corneille B. Racine C. Molire D. Descartes 36. Which of the following artists helped to gring the Roman Baroque style to its climax? A. Rubens B. Bernini C. Borromini D. Caravaggio 37. Whose doctrines of the separation of powers became one of the most important principles of the U.S.constitution? _ A. John Locke B. Rousseau C. Voltaire D. Montesquieu 38. In which of Diderots works, the author developed his materialist philosophy and fore-shadowed the doctrine of evolutions as later proposed by Charles Darwin? _ A. Philosophical ThoughtsB. Rameaus Nephew C. Elements of Physiology D. Encyclopedie 39. _ , novelist, is often called the founder of English domestic novel. A. Walter Scott B. Henry Fielding C. Samuel Johnson D. Samuel Richardson 40. Which of the Lessings works was a landmark in the 18th-century German drama? _ A. Minna Von Barnhelm B. Laocoon C. Hamburgische Dramaturgie D. Nathan the Wise 41. In _ , Goethe draws on a immense variety of cultural material. It is not only his own masterpiece but the greatest work of German literature. A. the Sorrow of Young Werther B. Faust C. Wilhelm Meisters Travels D. Poetry and Truth 42. Among Schillers works, _ was a play best known to the Chinese audience. A. The Robbers B. Wallenstein C. Cabal and Love D. Wilhelm Tell 43. Kants years of his philosophical studies are crystalized in three difficult books; among them ,_ was the most important single book by any modern pholosopher.A. General History of Nature and Theory of the HeavensB. Critique of Practical Reason C. Critiquue of Judgement D. Critique of Pure Reason 44. It has been said that “ the world had waited centuries for _ and he was only to remain here a moment”. A. Beethoven B. Haydn C. Mozart D. Bach 45. Which of the following writers or poets is usually called the father of European historical novel? _. A. Goethe B. Victor Hugo C. Daniel Defoe D. Walter Scott 46. In 1798, _, a volume of poems by Wordsworth and Coleridge, made literary history. A. Songs of Experience B. Lyrical Ballads C. Isles of Greece D. Ode to the West Wind 47. Which of the following Romantic writers ever fought for womens freedom in love and marriage? _ A. George Sand B. Victor Hugo C. Daniel Defoe D. Henry Fielding 48. _ stood in the van of the Romantic movement in Russia, _ is generally recognized as his masterpiece. A. Lermontov, A Hero of Our Time B. Pushkin, Luslan and Liudmila C. Pushkin, Boris Godunov D. Pushkin, Eugene Onegin 49. The publication of Mickiewiczs _ is uaually taken as the beginning of Romanticism in Polish literature. A. Sonnets from the Crimea B. Konrad Wallenrod C. Ballads and Ramances D. Pan Tadeusz 50. Beethovens _ is a choral symphony, choosing as a text for the finale Shillers Ode to Joy. A. Symphony No. 3 B. Symphony No. 5 C. Symphony No. 6 D. Symphony No. 9 51. _ sought to revolutionize the opera by making it a combination of the arts: dramatic, musical, and scenic. A. Berlioz B. Chopin C. Wagner D. Verdi 52. Based on _ , Marx and Engels developed their own dialectical materialism.A. the German classical philosophy B. the English classical political economyC. the Utopian Socialism D. the Manifesto of the Communist Party 53. Just as Darwin discovered the law of development of _, so Marx discovered the law of development of _.A. the survival of the fittest, the communist party B. the natural selection, the scientific socialismC. organic nature, human historyD. natural species, historical societies 54. In 1858 Darwin received a letter from _, who, working independently, also came to the conclusion concerning the origin of the species by means of natural selection. A. John Stevens Henslow B. Charles Lyell C. Thomas Huxley D. Alfred Russel Wallace 55. Zola defined the theory of _ and illustrated it in his great work entitled _.A. naturalism, Les Rougen-MacquartsB. naturalism, Madame BovaryC. realism, the Human Comedy D. realism, the Charterhouse of Parma 56. _ was the first master of fiction in Russia to leave romantic conventions and go to life for his subjects. A. Nikolai Gogol B. Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev C. Fyodor Dostoyevsky D. Count Leo Tolstoy 57. _ holds an important position in his own countrys cultural history as an ethical philosopher and religious reformer. A. Nikolai Gogol B. Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev C. Fyodor Dostoyevsky D. Count Leo Tolstoy 58. Among Ibsens masterpieces, _ is a plea for the emancipation of women.A. Ghosts B. A Dolls House C. the Wild Duck D. Hedda Gabler 59. Among Charles Dickenss works, _ has the most intricate, complicated plot. A. Oliver Twist B. Hard Times C. David Copperfield D. Bleak House 60. _, George Eliots masterpiece, is regarded by some critics as the finest English novel of the 19th century. A. Middlemarch B. The Mill on the Floss C. Adam Bede D. Silas Marner 61. The term “ impressionism” was taken directly from the title of _ Impressionism: Sunrise (1872). A. Renoirs B. Pissarros C. Manets D. Monets 62. _ was particularly good at doing portraits of ballet dancers in opera houses. A. Renoir B. Degas C. Monet D. Pissarro 63. _ reacted against impressionism by using color to suggest his own emoyion and temperament. A. Paul Czanne B. Paul Gauguin C. Vincent van Gogh D. Auguste Rodin 64. In Freudian system, _ is the container of the instrinctual urges. A. Id B. Ego C. Superego D. Oedipus Comlex 65. T.S. Eliots long poem _ is his major contibution to English poetry.A. the Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock B. Four QuartetsC. the Waste Land D. imagism 66. _ by James Joyce is considered his most mature work and the single best fiction ever written since the beginning of the 20th century.A. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man B. Dubliners C. Finnegans Wake D. Ulysses 67. The term “ Angry Young Man” came to be widely used only after the publication of _ play Look Back in Anger (1956). A. John Osbornes B. Kingsley Amiss C. Allen Ginsbergs D. Jack Kerouacs 68. _ poem Howl, written in 1956, was regardedas an important development in American poetry. A. John Osbornes B. Kingsley Amiss C. Allen Ginsbergs D. Jack Kerouacs 69. _ is known as the first “ cubist” novel: in his novels , one finds a precise, neutral description of things, registered with a cameras eye. A. Samuel BeckettB. Nathalie Sarraute C. Jean-Paul Sartre D. Alain Robbe-Grillet 70. _ masterpiece was a play called Waiting for Godot (1952), which was rememdered as one of the most famous Absurd Drama. A. Nathalie SarrautesB. Samuel Becketts C. Jean-Paul Sartres D. Alain Robbe-Grillets II Match the names of Column A with the appropriate items of Column B.Column A Column B1. Sophocles a. the founder of the inductive method2. Democritus b. Don Giovanni 3. Virgil c. one of the earliest exponents of the atomic theory 4. Thomas Aquinas d. a universal genius5. Da Vincie. The Execution of the Third of May6.John Calvin f. Eugene Onegin7. Andreas Vesalius g. the Oedipus complex8. Giorgio Vasari h. The Aeneid9. Goya i. Fabrica 10. Percy Bysshe Shelley j. Prometheus Unbound11. Alessandro Manzoni k. Critique of Pure Reason 12. Aleksander Pushkin l. The Revolution of the Heavenly Orbs 13. Immanuel Kant m. Encyclopdie 14. Jean-Jacques Rousseau n. the first to use the term Renaissance15. Ren Descartes o. Institutes of the Christian Religion 16. Francis Bacon p. the supreme figure in scholasticism17. Nicolaus Copernicus q. The Betrothed 18. Jean Racin r. The Social Contract19. Diderot s. Phadra 20. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart t. the founder of analytical geometryIII. Decide the following statements true or false.1. Homers epics described the events of Homers own time. ( ) 2. Sappho was considered the most important lyric peot of ancient Greece. ( )3. Venus de Milo was discovered in the island of Milo in 1920. ( )4. Roman law eventually became the core of modern civil and commercial law in many Western countries. ( )5. The Bible is much more than a religious book; it is really an encyclopaedia: history, literature, philosophy and record of great minds. ( )6. The Old Testament was originally written in Hebrew, the New Testament in apopular form of Latin. ( )7. Some of the hermits were great scholars known as “ Father of the Church”, whose work is generally considered orthodox. ( ) 8. Charlemagne wanted to rule as the emperors of Rome had done in ancient times and eventually was crowned “ Emperor of the Romans” by himself in 800. ( )9. The Gothic style started in France, quickly spread through all parts of western Europe and flourished and lasted from the mid-12th to the end of 15th century and, in some areas, into the 17th . ( )10. In the period of Renaissance, where the impact with Italy was most strongly felt in fine arts, in France it was literature and in England it was philosophy and drama. ( )11. Chritopher Columbus was discoverer of the New World and the American continent was named after him. ( )12. It is generally believed that modern philosophy begins with Francis Bacon in England and with RenDescartes in France. ( )13. Baroque