CHAP01v4.ppt

Chapter1ProjectManagementConcepts SummaryofProjectManagement A Fourcontrols Controlproject sscopeHowbig clarifyvagueboundaryControlscheduleHowlongControlcostHowmuchControlqualityCustomersatisfaction TripleConstraints FiveSteps 1 Clearobjective2 WorkBreakdownStructure WBS 3 ResponsibilityAssignmentMatrix4 NetWorkDiagram5 Controls 4constraints Figure1 2 ProjectManagementFramework Table1 2 TopTenMostinDemandITSkills MappingProcessGroupsandKnowledgeAreas MappingoftheProjectManagementProcessestotheProjectManagementProcessGroupsandtheKnowledgeAreas 2 2 LearningObjectives DefinitionofaprojectanditsattributesKeyconstraintswithinwhichaprojectmustbemanagedHowaprojectis born LifeofaprojectStepsinvolvedintheprojectmanagementprocessBenefitsofprojectmanagement 3 3 Real WorldExample DiscusstheVignette MusicalSuperstarsPutonProjectsforCharity Overthelastdecadeorso numerousmusicalprojectshaveraisedmillionsofdollarsforcharity ThistrendwasinitiatedbyLiveAid whichwasputtogetherinthe1980sbyrockmusicianBobGeldof 4 Real WorldExample Cont TheFarmAidprojectshavenettedover 12millionoverthepasttenyears InSeptemberof1992 HurricaneRelief aneveningofmusicandcomedyatJoeRobbieStadiuminMiami Florida raisedover 1 3millionforvictimsofHurricaneAndrew 3 3 RealWorldExample Vignette BeachTownCleanup AvilaBeachinCaliforniaThepopularbeachandthetown sbusinessdistricthadbeencontaminatedbyundergroundpipesfromapetroleumfacility Projectmanagementtechniqueswereusedtorestorethestreets allmajorutilities andthebeachitself Theremediationprojectwascompletedfivemonthsaheadofschedule 4 RealWorldExample Vignette TheDepartmentofEnergyProject buildtheworld slargestlasertomonitorandmaintainnuclearwarheadsProjectcostssoar 350millionaboveoriginalestimatesProjectcompletiondelayedbytwoyears Clearlywehadamajorprojectmanagementsurprise BetterHealth Vignette ProjectManagementforBetterHealthTheInteriorHealthAuthority IHA hadtwogoals tointegrateover100independentfinancialapplicationsintoonesystem andtoconsolidateandstandardizeelectronichealthrecordsExecutivesupportwasestablishedforbothobjectivesandprojectteamswereformedProjectswerecompletedontimeandunderbudget TheyarebeinggeographicallyimplementedResultsofbothprojects costsavings andhigherusersatisfaction MakingMovies Vignette MakingMoviesMasaffarAli well knownIndianfilmmaker wasintheprocessofmaking Zooni inJanuary1989whenviolencebrokeoutwherehewasfilming14yearslater hewasabletoresumefilmingwhenpeacereachedtheregionTofinishhisfilm Alineedstostayonscheduleandwithinhisbudget Ascriptbreakdownisdesignedtoconsidertasksandfactorsthathelpdeterminescheduleandbudget Useofascriptbreakdown andopencommunicationbetweenassistantdirectorandproductionmanagerwillhelpAlicompletehisprojecteffectively 5 Project Defined Aprojectisanendeavortoaccomplishaspecificobjectivethroughauniquesetofinterrelatedtasksandtheeffectiveutilizationofresources 6 AttributesofaProject Hasawell definedobjectiveComposedofaseriesofinterdependenttasksUtilizesvariousresourcesHasaspecifictimeframeHasacustomerInvolvesadegreeofuncertainty 7 ExamplesofProjects PlanningaweddingDesigningandimplementingacomputersystemHostingaholidaypartyDesigningandproducingabrochureExecutinganenvironmentalclean upofacontaminatedsiteHoldingahighschoolreunionPerformingaseriesofsurgeriesonanaccidentvictim 8 Constraints ScopeCostScheduleCustomersatisfaction 9 UnforeseenCircumstances Unforeseencircumstancesmayjeopardizeachievementoftheprojectobjective Thechallengefacingtheprojectmanageristoprevent anticipate and orovercomesuchcircumstances 10 TheProjectLifeCycle Projectsare born whenaneedisidentifiedbythecustomer Projectlifecyclesvaryinlength fromafewweekstoseveralyears Notallprojectsformallygothroughallfourphasesoftheprojectlifecycle 11 PhasesoftheProjectLifeCycle1 Thefirstphaseinvolvestheidentificationofaneed problem oropportunity Theneedandrequirementsareusuallywrittenbythebuyer customer intoadocumentcalledarequestforproposal RFP Thesecondphaseisthedevelopmentofaproposedsolutiontotheneedorproblem Thisphaseresultsinthesubmissionofaproposal Thecustomerandthewinningseller contractor negotiateandsignacontract agreement 12 PhasesoftheProjectLifeCycle2 13 PhasesoftheProjectLifeCycle3 Thethirdphaseisperformingtheprojectbyseller DifferenttypesofresourcesareutilizedResultsintheaccomplishmentoftheprojectobjective 14 PhasesoftheProjectLifeCycle4 Thefinalphaseisterminatingtheproject Performclose outactivitiesEvaluateperformanceInvitebuyer customer feedback 15 TheProjectManagementProcess Theprojectmanagementprocessmeansplanningtheworkandthenworkingtheplan 16 TheProjectManagementProcess Cont Clearlydefinetheprojectobjective Divideandsubdividetheproject Definethespecificactivitiesthatneedtobeperformedandwhowilldotheactivities Graphicallyportraytheactivitiesinanetworkdiagram 17 TheProjectManagementProcess Cont Makeatimeestimate Makeacostestimate Calculateaprojectscheduleandbudget 18 ControllingProjects Establishabaselineplan Monitorprogress Measureactualprogressandcompareittoplannedprogress Takecorrectiveactioniftheprojectisbehindschedule overrunningthebudget ornotmeetingtechnicalspecifications 19 BenefitsofProjectManagement SatisfiedcustomersAdditionalbusinessExpansionofcareeropportunitiesSatisfactionofbeingonawinningteamImprovedknowledgeandskillsWhenprojectsaresuccessful everybodyWINS Defineproject Aprojectisanendeavortoaccomplishaspecificobjectivethroughauniquesetofinterrelatedtasksandtheeffectiveutilizationofresources Definethetermprojectobjectiveandgivesomeexamples Aprojecthasawell definedobjective anexpectedresultorproduct Theobjectiveofaprojectisusuallydefinedintermsofscope schedule andcost Furthermore itisexpectedthattheworkscopewillbeaccomplishedinaqualitymannerandtothecustomer ssatisfaction Anexamplewouldbetoproduce5000twopage marketingbrochuresbyJuly1foracostof 15 000 Listsomeexamplesofresourcesthatareusedonaproject ManpowerMoneyMachineMaterialMethodTime Whatroledoesacustomerhaveduringtheprojectlifecycle Thecustomeristheentitythatprovidesthefundsnecessarytoaccomplishtheproject Theyshouldbeinvolvedthroughoutthelifecycle Whataspectsofaprojectmightinvolvesomedegreeofuncertainty Why Manyaspectscanhavesomedegreeofuncertainty suchasthescheduleorthebudget Anunexpectedsnowstormmaydelayahighwayconstructionprojectandincreasedlumberratesmayincreasethecostofbuildinganewhome Definescope schedule cost andcustomersatisfaction Whyaretheseconsideredtobeconstraints ThescopeofaprojectisalltheworkthatmustbedoneinordertosatisfythecustomerThecostofaprojectistheamountthecustomerhasagreedtopayforacceptableprojectdeliverables Thescheduleforaprojectisthetimetablethatspecifieswheneachactivityshouldstartandfinish CustomerSatisfactionistheleveltowhichthecustomerispleasedwiththeendresultoftheproject Definescope schedule cost andcustomersatisfaction Whyaretheseconsideredtobeconstraints Theobjectiveofanyprojectistocompletethescopewithinbudgetbyacertaintimetothecustomer ssatisfaction Anyofthesefourfactorscanputlimitationsonthefinalproduct Whyisitimportanttosatisfythecustomer Thecustomeristheonewhoispayingfortheproject Unsatisfiedcustomershavebeenknowntowithholdpayments nevercallyouagainforrepeatbusiness andspreadthewordoftheirdissatisfaction Ontheotherhand asatisfiedcustomerwilldotheoppositeofthosethings Listanddescribethemainphasesoftheprojectlifecycle Thefirstphaseoftheprojectlifecycleinvolvestheidentificationofaneed problem oropportunityThesecondphaseoftheprojectlifecycleisthedevelopmentofaproposedsolutiontotheneedorproblem Thethir