部分词的用法.doc

Accuse accuse sb of sth.He accused them of having broken their word.指责The police accused him of theft.控告He charged me with being irresponsible.谴责He complained to the police of the boys stealing his apples.控告Sue sb. forDevelop/form/have/be in the habit of RecoverRecover what was lostRecover ones healthHis health was recovered.All the way 从远道来，一路上any way 无论如何 by the way 顺便说by way of 通过。方法get in ones way妨碍 give way让步 have ones own way 随心所欲 in no way决不 in a(one way)在某种程度上in the way 妨碍、挡道lead the way 带路 no way 没门This way, please. 请走这边under way 在进行中 way of life生活方式NecessaryIt is necessary for her to be careful.It is necessary that she (should) be careful.Prevent(from) stop from ;keep frombe accessible to sb. be available torange in price/size/age fromtoStudents range in age from 12 to 20.在。与。之间不等a wide range of social background广泛的I expected the price in the range of $3000 to $4000.在。范围内DeserveDeserve doing/to be doneFailure to do sth. Fail to do sth.set up 建立 set about开始做事set aside 留出 set down 放下、记下 set fire to 放火烧着 set off出发 set out动身 set an example to 为。树立榜样 a set of tools 一套 a TV set装置a set phrase固定的set sth/sb. doing 使。处于。状态They set the machine going.These words set me thinking.The story is set in the early days of World War II. （被动）以。为背景The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.日、月落Please set the chair in the corner.安置Set the table for dinner.摆桌子She set her watch by the time signal.调准Lets set the time of the meeting.确定the social setting社会背景、环境 mistake by mistake make a mistakeShe has mistaken me.误会I mistake her for her sister.把。错认You are mistaken about him.弄错AccessHave access to The students need easy access to books.Damage injure hurt harm woundThe storm did great damage/harm to the crops.损害The hurt to his feelings is great.伤害The soldier wounded in the battle.受伤He got injuries to the legs at work.受伤（意外的伤害）He injured his leg at work.He was injured in a car accident.Use 读音Hes learning the use of the tools.用法Is the ink of any use to you?价值、益处come into wide use 开始广泛使用It is of no use doing/there is no use doing 做。也徒劳make full use of in use be out of use use upremainIt remains to be proved.I remained three days in that country.停留Peter became a judge but John remained a fisherman.仍旧remain in ones memoryremaining leftThere are no books left in this room.He used his remaining money to buy a book. ShareMother shared the cake among the boys.平分We shared small room between us.合用、分享I shared my lunch with him.They will share (in) the joys and sorrows. They divided the sweets into equal shares.分额I had no share in the decision.参与、一份责任功劳He owns 500 shares of the company.股份Remind提醒 recall 回忆 remember想起That reminds me.This reminded them of the days when they were in the countryside.We write to remind you to send us your sample.May I remind you that time will soon be up?Rather thanRather quite pretty fairlyFairlyquiteratherRather+比较级too稍微Rather like Tom quite/rather a nice day quite a few not quite部分否定pretty well=almostShe seems to be clever rather than honest.与其。不如Id rather you came tomorrow than today.宁愿Id rather you didnt do it.Which would you rather have, coffee or tea?宁可He worked till late last night, or rather, early this morning.更确切地Id prefer to go in summer rather than (go) in winter.宁愿。而不愿I decided to write rather than telephone.the first time for the first timeat that timeI will never forget the day (when I came to the school for the first time).This is the first time (that he has solved the problem in his own way).This /It is the first time thathave doneThis/It was the first time thathad doneIts time that we went to school.Its time for us to go to school.AvailableIs this new timetable available yet?可得到的Im sorry, sir, those shoes are not available in your size.He is not available for the job.有时间、有空Is the library available during the holidays?开放The season ticket is available for three months.有效的In case in case ofIn case he comes, let me know.如果，倘若Take your raincoat, in case it rains.万一In case of fire, call 119.假使，一旦2.Emphasis n.put/lay/place great emphasis on/upon着重于with emphasis on sth.强调emphasize v.Id like to emphasize what I have said.LessonTeach sb. a lesson be a lesson to sb. learn ones lesson from sth.3.Enlarge widen broadenThis picture probably wont enlarge well.放大She only gave us the bare facts, so we asked her to enlarge on them. 详尽注释The workers are busy widening the road. 加宽Travel broadens the mind.使开阔broaden ones horizonsa broad smile 满面笑容broad plains 辽阔的平原broad shoulders 宽阔的肩膀install equipequip a ship for voyage装备install the air conditioner安装equipment (U) device ( C) facilitiesThe equipment of the lab is of course first-rate. In each room you can see various electric devices.4.considerate considerable considering5.noticetake notice of sth. 注意pay notice to come to ones notice引起注意without notice不预先通知She didnt notice the boy.He took no notice of the boy.I noticed him entering the office.The aeroplane was noticed to take off at 6:00 pm.1.occupy occupationHe was occupied with/in writing a novel.be busy doing4.Relatively speaking, the more children communicate with their parents, the less likely they will suffer from depression.Relatively speaking, if children communicate much with their parents, they will not be likely to suffer from depression.Suffer from受。之苦，患病suffer from headaches suffer from floodssuffer pain suffer hungry suffer a great loss遭受、受到2. cost pay spend take chargeHis carelessness cost him a good chance to work in the bank.使。付出代价The suit cost me $1000.花费The suit is at a cost of $1000.We must arrive there at all costs(at any cost) before midnight.不惜代价The poor fox escaped from the trap at the cost of a leg.以。为代价Sb. spend money/time on sth/in doing sth.it/sth. take sb. time to do sth.pay sb for sth. pay money for sth.pay for sth. pay sb money to do sth.pay a bill pay off ones debtsThe dentist charged me $50 for a tooth.收费The airlines charge half price for students.What is the charge for using the hall?费用5. expectWere expecting a telephone. 盼望I hardly expected to find you still here.预料I expect/suppose that it will be all right.认为、料想I expect them to win.期待、盼望They expect to win.Dont expect too much of me.expectation of sth.6.take measures/take action threaten to do sth.threaten sb. with sth.2. The more you speak in English, the easier you will find it to communicate with foreigners. If you speak much in English, you will find it easy to communicate with foreigners.3. Take the medicine regularly, and it will bring a great benefit to your health.Take the medicine regularly, or it wont bring a great benefit to your health.If you take the medicine regularly, it will bring a great benefit to your health.BenefitOne can benefit even from ones unpleasant experience.有益于，受惠The new hospital benefits us greatly.benefit物质、精神 profit物质 advantage有利条件、优势The open policy is to our benefit.be beneficial to4. informInform sb thatInform sb of sth.I informed her mother of her safe arrival.I informed her mother that she arrived safely.keep informed of 消息灵通，了解informative 知识性的 informed 消息灵通的5 Ensure insure assureHe insured himself against accident for ten million yuan.投保To ensure the childs quick recovery, the doctor gave him an injection.确保、保证If you want to ensure that you catch the plane, take a taxi.This medicine will ensure you a good nights sleep.My words assured her.让。放心、深信I assure you of the success of the project.保证、确信I assure you that the project will succeed.6.despite in spite ofHe came to the meeting despite his illness.Though he was ill, he came to the meeting.1. ease n.at ones ease 舒适、自在At easeAttention 稍息v. Using bicycle helps ease traffic jams. 减轻负担、痛苦2 issue 问题、争论点 书刊期号The immigration issue has become the biggest headache.the latest issue of the magazine出版、颁布、发行issue the order issue stamps3. asas not as(so)as the morethe moreJohn is as bright as Tom.John is not as/so bright as Tom.John is less brighter than Tom.George works as efficiently as Bob.George is as efficient a worker as Bob.He took as much butter as he needs.She has written as many essays as her brother (has).allow permit admitThe nurse allowed him to remain there, though it was not permitted.If weather/time permits, I will go.容许Weather permitting, I will go.a permit to hunt permissionI admit my mistake.I admit that admit doing sth. 承认 admit sb. to do sth.许可admission6. tootoThe girl is too young to go to school.too.to结构之前带有but,only,all,never,not时，是强调肯定的表示法，译作非常、十分、实在、真是太等。I am only too delighted to accept your kind invitation.This film is only too good to see.They are all too satisfied to go and do this work.It is never too late to learn.He is too wise not to solve this problem.The tea is too hot to drink/to be drunk.He was too anxious to do this job.He is too experienced an artist to be worried by what the critics say.2. replace A by/with Bsubstitute B for AA take the place of B instead of instead6. keep Keep the door open.keep sb. doingkeep sb. informed of上文中出现了某一动词或动词短语，下文中再遇到此动词的不定式结构时，往往要省略动词不定式，但通常省略动词原形或短语而保留不定式符号to，一般有下面几种情况：含有助动词或情态动词如be going to, used to, have to, ought to, be able to, be about to等+动词原形结构时： 1.-Do you think I ought to go to see my doctor? 你认为我应该去看医生吗？-Yes, I think you ought to. 是的，我想你应该去。2.She must go but you dont have to. 她必须走，但你没有必要。含有动词want, decide, like, love, hope, wish, mean, refuse, try等+不定式作宾语结构时1.-Did you go to see the Great Wall? 你去看长城了吗？-I wanted to, but I was too busy. 我本来想去的，但我太忙了。3. You may go with them if you hope to. 如果你希望的话，你可以和他们一起去。Is your brother a professional photographer?No, but he hopes to be.含有动词如ask, tell, order, advise, persuade, warn, wish, permit, allow, forbid等+不定式做宾语补语或主语补语时：1.Dont do anything unless your father tells you to. 除非你父亲叫你去做，不然不要做任何事情。2.-May I use your car? 我可以用你的汽车吗？-No, I forbid you to. 不，我禁止你使用。-Ill be glad to. 我很乐意。1. doubt suspect suspicionI dont doubt that hell come.怀疑、不信He doubts about everything.She doubts of her success.Make no doubt ofI doubt whether hell come.肯定否定 thatI suspect him to be ill.猜想、觉得They suspect him of murder.怀疑have a suspicion of increase rise raise arise arouseThe population of this town has increased in recent years.增加He increased the size of his farm year by year.增长、提高Increasingly in increasing demandThat small country is increasingly strong in industry. 越来越。RiseThe sun rises in the east.升起The river has risen two feet.上涨a rise in pricesPrices have been raised up.人为Prices rose gradually. 客观举起、抬高 raise a flag raise my hand升起、起立、上升 rise early arise 出现 arouse 唤起New difficulties will arise from such situation.Their terrible sufferings aroused our pity.2. habitsbs habit of readingform good habits get into the habit of develop the habit of 染上坏习惯 break off a habit戒除cure bad habits 改掉4.ValueI value your friendship very much.重视、珍视How do you value him as a writer?评价of great value valuable priceless worthvalueless worthlessaccountThe teacher asked him to account for his lateness for school.解释、说明Take o account 把。考虑在内on account of=because ofon no account=not on any account决不on ones own account为了自己利益accountant accountingignore ignorance ignorant装作。neglect doing sth.忽视。6The experiment is intended to test the theory.本来想。The book is intended for the general reader than the end sb. to do sth.3. come toHis earnings comes to $6000 a year.共计、达到His plan came to nothing.归结为come to a decision得到结论come to oneself苏醒come to an end结束come to=concern说起、谈到When it comes to repairing cars I know nothing.Afford 买得起，提供，抽出时间He really cant afford to wait another way.（否定）经不起做某事I cant afford the time for it.Tom can afford a car/to buy a car.4. ownof ones own属于 on ones own独自、主动Who owns the dog?拥有The man refused to own the child.承认She owned to have known about it.She owned that she had known about it.6. morethan与其。倒不如说。The book seems to be more a dictionary than a grammar.He seems more brave than wise.两者否定，都不Jack is no more diligent than John.I could do it no more than you.2. We cannot emphasize the important of protecting our eyes too much.It will never be too much to emphasize the important of protecting our eyes.4. there is no denying the fact thatit cant be denied thatShe denied having been there.否认He denied her request.拒绝He can deny nothing to her. 5 influence effect result impactHis limp is the result of a fall.直接后果One of the effects of bad weather is a poor crop.间接后果、效应Dont let me influence your decision.对周围一切或历史产生影响3.Special(general) particular especialWhats todays special?Is there anything special in todays newspaper?Its a special case.The coconut is particular to the tropics.独特的，特有的In that particular case, the rule doesnt hold.特指的He is particular about what he wears.考究、挑剔It happened on that particular day.He particularly(especially) suited for this job.特别地This car was specially（especially） designed for use in the desert.专门地Both the brothers are tall, John is especially(in particular).尤其地5. improve developimprove ones condition改善She is improving in health.Lets improve on it.改进develop the reading skills培养develop friendship发展 develop habits 培养develop resources开发6 Advantage有利条件 disadvantagehave the advantage over sth.占优势take the advantage of sb./sth.利用，乘。之便sth.be a great advantage 1.Word(news) came thatin other words have a word with sb.beyond words get in a word in a word keep ones word word for word2. It is ten years _ Miss Green returned to Canada. A. thatB. when C. since D. asWhy! I have nothing to confess. What is it that you want me to say?It was in 1990 that I graduated from the university.I graduated from the university in 1990.It was 1990 _ I graduated from the university.正是我为他开的门。It was I who opened the door for him就是在昨天我们做了那个实验。It was yesterday that we carried out that experiment3. touchkeep in touch with sb.get in touch with lose touch withShe had a touch of cold.The silk has a cool touch.Dont touch the paint.His sad story touched her.He wont touch the matter.contact(n.) with sb. make contact withcontact(v.) sb.5. makeToo much food made him ill.make+n+a.Make yourself at home.make+n+prep.Im afraid I cant make myself understood.make+n.+ed.They made her wait. make+n.+doThey made him captain. make+n+nmake friends with make money make a fortune make profit make sense make it make out make up make up for make up of 1. Not until the bell rang did the students go to the classroom in twos and threes.The students didnt go to the classroom until the bell rang.It was not until the bell rang that the students went to the classroom2. missing失掉、不见（应该有而缺少） lost遗失、不易找到 goneA word seems to be missing here.Ive found the missing book.I found a number of books missing.The lost and found lost keysMy pen is lost.My watch is gone(missing).lose ones way lose a game lose oneself in doing sth.lose weight lose heart lose five minutes=be five minutes slowmiss(lose) the last busmiss +n. miss+vingmiss a chance/miss the boat3. applyto应用、涂抹apply for a job/scholarshipapply oneself to4. add This added to their difficulties.增加、添加（无被动）If you add 5 to 5, you get 10.把。加到。上去These figures add up to fifty.总计6Advancepostphone提前 促进 He advanced a new plan.提出 Science has made great advances during the last twenty years.进步in advance预先 an advance of 预付款 advanced studies高级的cause导致、引起What caused his sickness?The drought caused the plants to die.He caused me to be happy.*He caused me happy.(?)So far the cause of the air-crash is not known.自然客观起因What is the reason for your absence?解释性理由1. none of ones businesson business 出差 know ones business精通自己干的一行get down to business专心工作 get to business言归正传go into business从事商业have no business to do/doing sth.没有权利做。事Business is business公事公办Mind your own business少管闲事2. contrary n.相反、对立面on the contrary to the contrary They say he is guilty, but I believe the contrary.-I hear you are enjoying your new job.- On the contrary, I find it dull.If you dont hear anything to the contrary, I will meet you at 7:00 pm.Contrary to a.完全相反的、对抗的Contrary to(against) all our advice, he gave up his job.It rarely rains in the desert, but on the other hand it rains a lot in the coastal areas.另一方面新的和不同的事实It is hot in the desert in the day, but in contrast its very cold at night.鲜明对比-I hear you are enjoying your new job.- On the contrary, I find it dull.不赞同别人说的5. lackThere is no need to take vitamin pills if you dont lack nutrition.Scientists have warned us again and again that a lack of certain vitamin is dangerous.He wasnt accepted by the company for lack of experience.I am lack of money at the moment.(?)I am short of money 6. showEvidence showed/indicated that their experiment was quite uns