形容词和副词复习学案1.docx

形容词和副词复习学案1 月 日 第 周 星期 审核 【知识要点】 （一）、 形容词的用法: 形容词是指用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词,表示人或物的性质、特征和状态。一般放在它所修饰的名词前作定语,也可独立作表语或宾语补足语等。 i. 作定语: This is an interesting story. Kitty is a clever cat. ii. 作表语:Yao Ming is very tall. Our classroom is big and bright. iii. 作宾语补足语:Dont make your hands dirty. Were trying to make our school beautiful. 注意: a. 有些形容词只能作表语。如:alone, afraid, asleep等。 如: That old man feels alone because his children are out. Im afraid he cant come. b. 形容词与不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything等连用时,要放在这些词后面。如: There is something wrong with my DVD machine. Its nothing serious. c. 某些形容词可以和定冠词连用,表示一类人或事物,其作用相当于一个名词。 如: the young(年轻人),the poor(穷人), the rich(富人) d. 如果有两个以上的形容词修饰同一个名词时,其前后排列顺序一般如下:限定词(a/the, this/some/her)+数量词(先序数词后基数词)+观点+大小+形状+新旧+颜色+产地+材料+名词。 如:a big old German computer （二）、形容词常用句型1.“Its +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。注意：这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，如good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(友好的)，polite(有礼貌的)，clever(聪明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懒惰的)，careful(细心的)，careless(粗心的)，right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)等。例如，Its very kind of you to help me.(=You are very kind to help me.)Its foolish of him to go alone.(=He is foolish to go alone.)2.“Its+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。注意：这一句型中常用的形容词有important(重要的)，necessary(必要的)，difficult(困难的)，easy(容易的)，hard(艰难的)，dangerous(危险的)，safe(安全的)，useful(有益的)，pleasant(舒适的)，interesting(有趣的)，impossible(不可能的)等。例如，Its not easy for them to learn a foreign language.(=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.)对于他们来说学好一门外语不容易。 （三）、副词的用法:1、副词的分类：副词按词汇意义可分为：方式副词：well，fast，slowly，carefully，quickly程度副词：very，much，enough，almost，rather，quite地点副词：here，there，out，somewhere，abroad，home，时间副词：today，early，soon，now，then，recently，still频度副词：always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom，never否定副词：no，not，neither，nor，疑问副词：where，how，why其他：also，too，only2、副词的基本用法：副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子,有时也能修饰名词,表示时间、地点、方式、程度、动作、频度等,在句中主要用作状语。We should listen to our teachers carefully.我们应该认真听老师讲课。He is very happy today.他今天非常高兴。3. 副词的位置1）. 副词修饰动词时，通常可以放在句首、句中或句末。如： Usually I do my homework in the evening. (句首) 通常我晚上做家庭作业。 I often get up at six. (句中) 我常在6点起床。 Please speak slowly. (句末) 请慢慢说。2）. 副词修饰形容词或副词时，通常放在形容词或副词的前面如： These flowers are quite beautiful. He works very hard. 但也有例外，如：She is old enough to go to school. （在形容词后）3）. 按一般规则, 既有地点状语又有时间状语时，地点状语应放在时间状语之前。如： We had a meeting in the classroom yesterday afternoon. 我们昨天下午在教室开了一个会。 （四）、形容词与副词的相互转变: a. 在形容词词尾直接加-ly,构成副词。如: usual-usually, bad-badly等。 注:不是所有以-ly结尾的单词都是副词,某些名词后加-ly可以转化为形容词。 如:sisterly, brotherly, friendly, comradely, lovely等。 b. 以辅音字母+y结尾的单词,变y为i,再加-ly,如:heavy-heavily, happy-happily等,并且要注意这些单词的变化:polite-politely, true-truly, terrible-terribly等。 【基础练习】（一）用所给词的正确形式填空1. The Greens are (happy) to live in this_(noise) street. They have decided to move to another place.2. The panda has been _(die) for about two months. 3. I like her dress. It looks very _(beauty).4. Dont feel _(worry) about your child. The whole class would be _(friend) to the new classmate.5. The _(finally) exams usually take place at the end of June.6. Its _(possible) for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon.7. Its a _(please) trip for all of us.8. The children in China are living a _(color) life.9. It was an _(amaze) match. It amazed us.10.He felt very _(sleep) and fell _(sleep) soon when he lay in bed. 11.We all had a very _(enjoy) time at the party. （二）选择最佳答案( )1. These oranges taste_.A. goodB. wellC. to be goodD. to be well( )2. I cant pay _ as he asked for. A. a as high price B.as a high price C.as high price D.as high a price( )3. We are going to see a film this evening . Why not go with us ? I have to do many things this evening . Im _ , you see . A. free B. glad C. sorry D. Bus( )4. Mum, Bill is coming to dinner this evening.OK. Lets give him _to eat. A. something different B. different anything C. anything different D. different something ( )5.The _person is talking with the doctor. A. ill B. sick C. illness D. sickness ( ) 6. The day is bright and _ . Lets go for a walk . A. sunny B. dark C. cloudy D. windy ( ) 7. Look ! _ beautiful that lake is !A. What B. How C. How a D. What a( ) 8. -I wont go to the Great Wall tomorrow. - I wont, _. A. neither B. either C. too D. also ( ) 9. He likes to do some reading in the morning, I like it, _. A. too B. either C. neither D. also ( ) 10.That maths problem is _ difficult _ nobody can work it out.A. too; to B. very; that C. so; that D. very; but ( ) 11. Whats on the desk? Its _. A. a new green bag B. new green bag C. a green mew bag D. a bag new green ( ) 12. The night was very _, so he had to take off his shoes _. A. quiet; quietly B. quite; quickly C. late; quick D. quite; quietly ( ) 13. He_ to school to clean his c