学术交际英语1.ppt

EnglishforAcademicCommunication洪卫主编电子工业出版社20122 精选科技英语阅读教程SelectedReadingsinScientificEnglish主编秦荻辉西安电子科技大学出版社2008 GeneralIntroduction 第2章学术论文写作基础知识第4章学术论文写作常见问题与错误分析 sentencewriting 第3章学术论文写作要求及注意事项 paperwriting 第5章学术论文发表 Coverletter写作 第6 7章国际学术会议及演讲 GeneralIntroduction I Definitionofacademicwriting Academicwritingisaformalwriting Themainaimofacademicwritingistoinformandnotentertainlikecreativewriting tosummarizeorsynthesizeinformationandideasgatheredfromaresearch toexplain compareandcontrast evaluate oranalyzeconcepts events andphenomena toarguefororagainstapositioninanongoingdebate I Definitionofacademicwriting complex formal objective explicit II Featuresofacademicwriting longerwordsamorevariedvocabularyusesmorenoun basedphrasesthanverb basedphraseshasmoregrammaticalcomplexity includingmoresubordinateclausesandmorepassives Complexity II Featuresofacademicwriting avoidcolloquialwordsandexpressionsImpersonaltonewhichcanheachievedbyavoidanceofintimacywordssuchas you or I butratheruse he she researcher one andsoon Formality II Featuresofacademicwriting themainemphasisshouldbeontheinformationthatyouwanttogiveandtheargumentsyouwanttomake ratherthanyou avoidingsubjectivity forexample 1 Paroisextremelycoldinwinter 2 Paroexperiencesaslowas2degreeCelsiusinwinter Objectivity II Featuresofacademicwriting makeitcleartothereaderhowthevariouspartsofthetextarerelatedTheideasandinformationareexplicitandnotjustimplied Explicitness II Featuresofacademicwriting 词汇 lexis 句法 中英句子对比 syntax 篇章 Discourse III DifferencesinChineseandEnglishacademicwriting 词汇 lexis 1 英语中的词性变化 TheSiS730Schipsetispricedat 42in10 000 unitlots SiS730S芯片组批量10000套的价格为每套42美元 III DifferencesinChineseandEnglishacademicwriting 1 Asearlyashissecondfilm Chaplinhaddevelopedhisownmannerofacting theonethatwasworldfamous 2 Whilepeopleinothercountriesoftheworldweretryingtocatchwildanimalsandbirdsandwerestillcollectingseedsandnuts farmersinChinaweredevelopingthescienceofagriculture 3 Photographersreturnandthephotosarequicklydeveloped 2 一词多义 III DifferencesinChineseandEnglishacademicwriting 4 SomemarriedpeoplewhoarenotsatisfiedwiththeirfamilymayresorttotheInternettodevelopanextramaritalaffair 5 Andthirdly computergameshelpdevelopchildren sinterestincomputers 6 Atthesametime anotherpaperwasdeveloped madefromsilk III DifferencesinChineseandEnglishacademicwriting 1 Timeflieslikeanarrow Fruitflieslikeabanana III DifferencesinChineseandEnglishacademicwriting 2 Marriageisaninstitutioninwhichamanloseshisbachelor sdegreeandthewomangetshermaster sstatus 3 Canyougetdownfromanelephant No Youcanonlygetdownfromtheducks 4 Whyisthestadiumsocool Becausetherearesomanyfans 3 英语中名词主导而汉语中动词居多 of 抽象名词 形容词 with 抽象名词 副词 冠词 抽象名词 一个动作 on upon 动名词或名词化的动词 相当于assoonas III DifferencesinChineseandEnglishacademicwriting 冠词 抽象名词 一个动作例 Theprerequisiteisagoodknowledgeofelectriccircuitfundamentals 前提是要很好地掌握电路基础 类似的有 acalculation计算一下adiscussion讨论一下ananalysis分析一下 III DifferencesinChineseandEnglishacademicwriting 4 量词的使用 汉语的名词前常常有量词来修饰 英语中则借用一些普通名词作为单位词 UnitNoun 来表示事物的个数或容积 单位词既可以和可数名词搭配 也可以和不可数名词搭配 比如 一窝小鸡 abroodofchickens一群蚂蚁 acolonyofants一群羊 aflockofsheep一群鲸 aschoolofwhales III DifferencesinChineseandEnglishacademicwriting 一块香皂 a ofsoap一捆干草 a ofhay一根草 a ofgrass一条新闻 a ofnews an ofnews一粒米 a ofrice一滴水 a ofwater一瓶墨水 a ofink一桶牛奶 a ofmilk一杯啤酒 a ofbeer一杯咖啡 a ofcoffee III DifferencesinChineseandEnglishacademicwriting 一块香皂 abar cakeofsoap一捆干草 abundleofhay一根草 abladeofgrass一条新闻 apieceofnews anitemofnews一粒米 agrainofrice一滴水 adropofwater一瓶墨水 abottleofink一桶牛奶 apailofmilk一杯啤酒 aglassofbeer一杯咖啡 acupofcoffee III DifferencesinChineseandEnglishacademicwriting 5 英语的冠词 6 各种连接词的使用 安装调试完毕 则退出软件 关闭设备 按接通电源的逆顺序断开电源 Aftertheinstallationanddebugging exitthesoftware turnoffthedevice anddisconnectthepowersupplyinthereverseorderofswitchingonthepower III DifferencesinChineseandEnglishacademicwriting 句法 中英句子对比 syntax III DifferencesinChineseandEnglishacademicwriting 1 汉语重意合 英语重形合汉语的流水句 结构开放 句界含糊 写句 以意为尽 追求流动的韵律 节奏 不滞于形 牡丹江水 汹涌澎湃 万马奔腾 一泻千里 Wavesuponwaves thePeonyRiverrushedviolentlydownitslongcourseslikeahorsegalloping 汉语的竹竿句 按时间或逻辑顺序 层层铺开 呈线形推进 这是一个秋天的下午 细雨淅沥 秋风瑟瑟 他们撑着雨伞 攀沿着一个弯曲的山间小道去拜望一位隐居在深山的朋友 III DifferencesinChineseandEnglishacademicwriting Theywalkedwithumbrellasupawindingmountainpathonadrizzlingandwindyautumnafternoonforavisittoafriendlivinginseclusion III DifferencesinChineseandEnglishacademicwriting 汉语先说事 英语先表态如蒙汇来商品目录以及现行销售条款 我们将不甚感激 Wewouldappreciateitverymuchifyoucouldsendusyourcatalogtogetherwiththecurrentsalesterms 3 汉语重主体意识 英语重客体意识我走在厚厚的地毯上 一点脚步声也没有 Thethickcarpetkilledthesoundofmyfootsteps Bitternessfedonthemanwhohadmadetheworldlaugh III DifferencesinChineseandEnglishacademicwriting 这位曾给全世界带来笑声的人自己却饱尝辛酸 汉语不说 痛苦哺育了这位使全世界的人发出笑声的人 4 英语重时体态 汉语轻时体态 P 15 III DifferencesinChineseandEnglishacademicwriting 牛津的在校学生数无论现在还是过去都比多伦多大学少 Oxfordhas orhadtillyesterday fewerstudentsthantheUniversityofToronto III DifferencesinChineseandEnglishacademicwriting 篇章 Discourse P 15 语篇连接手段 照应 替代 省略 重复和逻辑衔接词 英语较多使用显性连接 照应 指代 逻辑衔接词汉语多用隐性衔接 省略 重复 Shewasofahelpless fleshybuild 体格 withafrank opencountenance 面容 andaninnocent diffidentmanner Hereyeswe